scholarly journals Larval trematodes in freshwater gastropods from Mato Grosso, Brazil: diversity and host-parasites relationships

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 34-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Carvalho de Mattos ◽  
Maria Fernanda Furtado Boaventura ◽  
Monica Ammon Fernandez ◽  
Silvana Carvalho Thiengo
Keyword(s):  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Freshwater Gastropods ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Pomacea Maculata ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
First Time

A survey for freshwater gastropods carrying trematodes parasites was conducted in Manso Dam and the surrounding areas frequented by tourist, focusing particularly on the Pantanal region. Infected snails were recovered from twelve of the eighteen investigated municipalities and forty-one cercaria-snail pairings were recorded. Among these pairings were several first records of snails serving as intermediate hosts for trematodes in Brazil including Biomphalaria amazônica Paraense, 1966, Biomphalaria occidentalis Paraense, 1981, Marisa planogyra Pilsbry, 1933, Pomacea maculata Perry, 1830, Pomacea scalaris (d'Orbigny, 1835) and Gundlachia radiata (Guilding, 1828). Echinostomatidae and Strigeidae were the most common trematode families (ca. 47%) and the greatest diversity of larvae were obtained from Drepanotrema lucidum (Pfeiffer, 1839). Paramphistomatidae, Schistosomatidae or Spirorchiidae and Notocotylidae or Pronocephalidae were recovered in D. lucidum for the first time extending the number of families which use this gastropod as intermediate host. Although no specimens were found harboring larval stages of Schistosoma mansoni Sambon, 1907 other trematode larvae were discovered, including the Schistosomatidae Brevifurcate apharingeate cercaria that can cause dermatitis in humans. Continued studies on the taxonomy and biology of trematodes are essential to better understand the biodiversity of these parasites as well as the epidemiological aspects for control of associated zoonosis.

scholarly journals Molecular data reshape our understanding of the life cycles of three digeneans (Monorchiidae and Gymnophallidae) infecting the bivalve, Donax variabilis: it’s just a facultative host!

Parasite ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Kristina M. Hill-Spanik ◽  
Claudia Sams ◽  
Vincent A. Connors ◽  
Tessa Bricker ◽  
Isaure de Buron
Keyword(s):  
Gulf Of Mexico ◽  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
The United States ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Complete Life Cycle ◽  
Morphological Criteria ◽  
Donax Variabilis

The coquina, Donax variabilis, is a known intermediate host of monorchiid and gymnophallid digeneans. Limited morphological criteria for the host and the digeneans’ larval stages have caused confusion in records. Herein, identities of coquinas from the United States (US) Atlantic coast were verified molecularly. We demonstrate that the current GenBank sequences for D. variabilis are erroneous, with the US sequence referring to D. fossor. Two cercariae and three metacercariae previously described in the Gulf of Mexico and one new cercaria were identified morphologically and molecularly, with only metacercariae occurring in both hosts. On the Southeast Atlantic coast, D. variabilis’ role is limited to being a facultative second intermediate host, and D. fossor, an older species, acts as both first and second intermediate hosts. Sequencing demonstrated 100% similarities between larval stages for each of the three digeneans. Sporocysts, single tail cercariae, and metacercariae in the incurrent siphon had sequences identical to those of monorchiid Lasiotocus trachinoti, for which we provide the complete life cycle. Adults are not known for the other two digeneans, and sequences from their larval stages were not identical to any in GenBank. Large sporocysts, cercariae (Cercaria choanura), and metacercariae in the coquinas’ foot were identified as Lasiotocus choanura (Hopkins, 1958) n. comb. Small sporocysts, furcocercous cercariae, and metacercariae in the mantle were identified as gymnophallid Parvatrema cf. donacis. We clarify records wherein authors recognized the three digenean species but confused their life stages, and probably the hosts, as D. variabilis is sympatric with cryptic D. texasianus in the Gulf of Mexico.

Life cycle studies on two Digenea, Paradistomum geckonum (Dicrocoeliidae) and Mesocoelium sociale (Mesocoeliidae), in geckonid lizards from Indonesia

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (10) ◽  
pp. 2491-2497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murray J. Kennedy ◽  
L. M. Killick ◽  
M. Beverley-Burton
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Hemidactylus Frenatus ◽  
Pulmonate Gastropod ◽  
First Intermediate Host

Life cycle studies of Paradistomum geckonum (Dicrocoeliidae) were attempted experimentally. The pulmonate gastropod Lamellaxis gracilis served as the first intermediate host; geckonid lizards (Cosymbotus platyurus, Gehyra mutilata, and Hemidactylus frenatus) served as definitive hosts. The life cycle of Mesocoelium sociale (Mesocoeliidae) was studied in naturally infected first intermediate hosts (L. gracilis, Huttonella bicolor) and experimentally in geckonid definitive hosts (C. platyurus, G. mutilata, and H. frenatus). Some naturally infected L. gracilis were infected concurrently with larval stages of both digeneans. Second intermediate hosts, presumed to be arthropods, were experimentally unnecessary. Metacercariae of P. geckonum were not found. Cercariae of M. sociale formed encysted metacercariae in the same individual snails.

Larval development of Angiostrongylus chabaudi, the causative agent of feline angiostrongylosis, in the snail Cornu aspersum

Parasitology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 144 (14) ◽  
pp. 1922-1930 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. COLELLA ◽  
M. A. CAVALERA ◽  
G. DEAK ◽  
V. D. TARALLO ◽  
C. M. GHERMAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Land Snails ◽  
Morphological Description ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Ecological Features ◽  
Cornu Aspersum ◽  
Angiostrongylus Chabaudi

SUMMARYNematodes of the Angiostrongylidae family, such as Angiostrongylus vasorum and Angiostrongylus cantonensis, may cause potentially life-threatening diseases in several mammal species. Alongside these well-known species, Angiostrongylus chabaudi has been recently found affecting the cardiopulmonary system of domestic and wild cats from Italy, Germany, Greece, Romania and Bulgaria. Nonetheless, significant gaps in the understanding of A. chabaudi epidemiology include the lack of information of species acting as intermediate host and of the morphological description of larval stages. Cornu aspersum (n = 30) land snails were infected with 100 first-stage larvae of A. chabaudi collected from a naturally infected wildcat in Romania. Larvae at different developmental stages were found in 29 out of 30 (96·7%) infected snails and a total of 282 (mean 9·8 ± 3·02 larvae per each specimen) were collected from the gastropods. Here we demonstrate that A. chabaudi develops in snails and report C. aspersum as potential intermediate host for this parasitic nematode. Findings of this study are central to understand the ecological features of feline angiostrongylosis and its epidemiology within paratenic and intermediate hosts.

scholarly journals An annotated checklist of Planorbinae (Heterobranchia, Hygrophila, Planorbidae) from northwestern Argentina

Check List ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 1493-1507
Author(s):  
Ximena M. C. Ovando ◽  
Giovanna F. Marchi
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Freshwater Gastropods ◽  
Northwestern Argentina ◽  
Blood Flukes ◽  
Biomphalaria Straminea ◽  
The Family ◽  
Annotated Checklist ◽  
First Time

The family Planorbidae comprises freshwater gastropods with planispiral, spiral and limpet-shaped shells. Subfamily Planorbinae sensu stricto, has a richness of almost 300 species, with some of the main genera being Biomphalaria Preston, 1910 and Drepanotrema Fischer & Crosse, 1880. Some Biomphalaria species are of concern to human health as they are intermediate hosts of blood flukes in Latin America. In Argentina, the family Planorbidae is represented by 15 species in four genera. In Northern Argentina (NOA region), records of the family are scarce, and most of them are a result of occasional collecting. We provide an updated checklist of Planorbinae in NOA resulting from fieldwork, material in malacological collections, and data in the literature. Nine species occur in the area: four species of Biomphalaria and five of Drepanotrema. Among Biomphalaria species, we recorded Biomphalaria straminea (Dunker, 1848), which is considered a natural host of the blood fluke Schistostoma mansoni Sambon, 1907, for first time in Salta province; the known geographic distribution of B. straminea is extended in the country.

Extra-mammalian larval stages of Elaphostrongylus alces (Nematoda: Protostrongylidae), a parasite of moose (Alces alces) in Fennoscandia

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murray W Lankester ◽  
Ing-Marie C Olsson ◽  
Margareta Stéen ◽  
Alvin A Gajadhar
Keyword(s):  
Long Range ◽  
Alces Alces ◽  
The Other ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
The Mean ◽  
First Time

Dimensions and illustrations of the first-, second-, and third-stage larvae of Elaphostrongylus alces are presented for the first time. First-stage larvae were 417 ± 16 µm long (mean ± SD) (range 377-445 µm) and similar in size to those of E. cervi (420 ± 13 µm long; range 392-445 µm) and E. rangiferi, the other recognized members of the genus. The mean length of third-stage E. alces larvae (714 ± 23 µm long; range 675-756 µm) recovered from gastropod intermediate hosts was significantly less than that of E. cervi (831 ± 78 µm long; range 669-954 µm) and E. rangiferi, providing further evidence of the distinct status of E. alces, a recently described species from moose in Fennoscandia.

Trematode parasites of snails from Edgbaston Pool: the life history of the strigeid Cotylurus brevis Dubois & Rausch, 1950

Parasitology ◽  
1960 ◽  
Vol 50 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 551-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Nasir
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Lymnaea Stagnalis ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Planorbis Corneus ◽  
History Of ◽  
Second Intermediate Host ◽  
First Time ◽  
Trematode Parasites

1. The life cycle of Cotylurus brevis Dubois and Rausch, from the cercaria to the adult, has been investigated for the first time by using laboratory-bred primary, secondary and definitive hosts. The holometabolic metamorphosis with the formation of a tetracotyle stage in a second intermediate host has been described in detail.2. The cercaria of C. brevis obtained from Lymnaea stagnalis in Edgbaston Pool has been found to be identical with Cercaria helvetica XXXIV Dubois from Lake Neuchâtel. The total number of flame cells in the cercaria is twenty, as opposed to the fourteen in the cercaria of Cotylurus cornutus Rudolphi (= ‘Strigea tarda’ described by Mathias (1925), Harper (1929, 1931) and Wesenberg-Lund (1934)).3. In nature the second intermediate host of Cotylurus brevis is Lymnaea stagnalis. Under experimental conditions L. pereger and L. auricularia were also found to act as second intermediate hosts, but neither Planorbis corneus, P. carinatus nor various leeches could act as second intermediate hosts.4. The tetracotyle stage of Cotylurus brevis is morphologically indistinguishable from the corresponding stage of other species of Cotylurus.

Observations on the Larval Stages of Muellerius capillaris within the Intermediate Hosts Agriolimax agrestis and A. reticulatus

1957 ◽  
Vol 31 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Rose
Keyword(s):  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Infective Stage ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Rate Of Development ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Infective Larvae ◽  
Artificial Digestion ◽  
Do So ◽  
Muellerius Capillaris

1. The rate of development of the larvae of M. capillaris is slowed down as the temperature is lowered; at 25°C. the infective stage is reached after 8 days; at 5°C. after 98 days.2. The differences between “pre-infective” and “infective” larvae, as described by Gerichter (1948), have been confirmed.3. Larvae at the “infective” stage can withstand artificial digestion, but “pre-infective” larvae are unable to do so.4. The infective larvae can survive for long periods within the foot of the intermediate host.5. Pre-infective larvae can survive for seven days after the death of the intermediate host; infective larvae can live for sixteen days.6. Naturally-infected slugs were found throughout the greater part of the year. 13.5 per cent of the slugs collected were infected but in most instances only a few larvae were present in any one slug.

Differences in snail ecology lead to infection pattern variation of Echinostoma spp. larval stages

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Zimmermann ◽  
Kyle Luth ◽  
Gerald Esch
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Feeding Ecology ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Midwestern United States ◽  
Host Behavior ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Infection Pattern

AbstractThe infection patterns of parasites are often tied to host behavior. Although most studies have investigated definitive hosts and their parasites, intermediate host behavior may play a role in shaping the distribution and accumulation of parasites, particularly the larval stages. In an attempt to answer this question, more than 4,500 pulmonate snails were collected from 11 states in the mid-Atlantic and Midwestern United States in the summer of 2012. These snails were necropsied and echinostome metecercariae were commonly observed infecting the snails as 2nd intermediate hosts (20.0%). The snails included species of 3 genera with distinct differences in the infection patterns of Echinostoma spp. metacercariae among them. Physa spp. (comprising of P. acuta and P. gyrina) snails exhibited a significantly higher prevalence of infection (23.5%) than both Lymnaea columella (11.6%) and Helisoma spp. (comprising of H. anceps and H. trivolvis) (14.2%; P < 0.05), with no difference in prevalence observed between the latter 2 genera (P > 0.05). The intensity of metacercariae within the snail hosts was significantly different between the 3 genera (P < 0.05), with L. columella having the highest intensity (24.3 ± 5.6), followed by Physa spp. (15.2 ± 1.5) and Helisoma spp. (5.0 ± 0.9). Differences in prevalence and intensity were also observed when the different snail families co-habited the same body of water. The disparities in infection patterns are likely due to distinct differences in the behavioral and feeding ecology of the snail hosts.

The function of the paraoesophageal glands in an echinostome (digenean) cercaria (? Cercaria spinifera La Valette, 1855)

1989 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Cleveland ◽  
G. C. Kearn
Keyword(s):  
Intermediate Host ◽  
The Body ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Host Preferences ◽  
Planorbarius Corneus ◽  
Second Intermediate Host ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACTAn echinostome cercaria (? Cercaria spinifera La Valette, 1855) with 37 collar spines and paraoesophageal glands has been recorded for the first time in Britain from the gastropod Planorbarius corneus. The cercariae penetrate into and encyst in planarians. Observations made on cercariae during penetration indicate that the paraoesophageal glands are used to enter the body of the planarian and that the so-called penetration glands have some other function. Gastropod molluscs may also serve as second intermediate hosts, but there is evidence to indicate that anatomically similar cercariae from different host individuals vary in their second intermediate host preferences.

scholarly journals On the Helminth Fauna of the Muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus (Linnaeus, 1766)) in the Barnim District of Brandenburg State/Germany

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2444
Author(s):  
Rolf K. Schuster ◽  
Peter Specht ◽  
Siegfried Rieger
Keyword(s):  
Flood Control ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Other ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Opisthorchis Felineus ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Burrowing Activity ◽  
Fur Animals ◽  
First Time ◽  
Plagiorchis Elegans

The muskrat is a neozoon species that has occupied many countries of continental North Europe after its introduction from north America as fur animals. Due to its burrowing activity it damages river and canal banks and structures of flood control. For this reason, the eradication of this alien species is recommended. Muskrats are also of parasitological interest since they can act as suitable intermediate hosts for Echinococcus multilocularis. On the other hand, little is known on the other helminths that infect muskrats. A total of 130 muskrats of different age groups trapped in different habitats in the Barnim district of the Brandenburg state by a professional hunter were examined for parasites and seven trematodes (Echinostoma sp., Notocotylus noyeri, Plagiorchis elegans, Plagiorchis arvicolae, Psilosostoma simillimum, P. spiculigerum, Opisthorchis felineus and four larval cestode species (Hydatigera taeniaeformis, Taenia martis, Taenia polyacantha, Taenia crassiceps) were detected. Larval stages of E. multilocularis were not found. O. felineus was found for the first time in muskrats in Germany. All the named parasites were present in Europe prior to the introduction of muskrats. With a prevalence of 48.9%, Strobilocercus fasciolaris, the larval stage of the cat tapeworm, H. taeniaeformis, was the most frequent parasite found in adult muskrats.

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