scholarly journals Occurrence and molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. isolated from domestic animals in a rural area surrounding Atlantic dry forest fragments in Teodoro Sampaio municipality, State of São Paulo, Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 249-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anaiá da Paixão Sevá ◽  
Mikaela Renata Funada ◽  
Sheila de Oliveira Souza ◽  
Alessandra Nava ◽  
Leonardo José Richtzenhain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this study was to assess the occurrence of Cryptosporidium in domestic animals in rural properties surrounding rain forest fragments within the municipality of Teodoro Sampaio, southeastern Brazil. Conventional sucrose flotation method followed by molecular characterization of the parasites by sequencing PCR products amplified from SSU rRNA gene were used. Stool samples were collected from domestic animals raised as pets and livestock in all rural properties surrounding three forest fragments. Samples from cattle (197), equine (63), pigs (25), sheep (11), and dogs (28) were collected from 98 rural properties. The frequency of occurrence of Cryptosporidium within each animal species was 3.0% (6/197) among cattle and 10.7% (3/28) among dogs. Cryptosporidium was not detected in stool samples from equine, sheep, and pigs. All sequences obtained from the six samples of calves showed molecular identity with Cryptosporidium andersoni while all sequences from dog samples were similar to C. canis. The frequency of occurrence of Cryptosporidium in these domestic animal species was low. The absence of C. parvum in the present study suggests that the zoonotic cycle of cryptosporidiosis may not be relevant in the region studied. The presence of Cryptosporidium species seldom described in humans may be, otherwise, important for the wild fauna as these animals are a source of infection and dissemination of this protozoan to other animal species. The impact and magnitude of infection by C. andersoni in wild ruminants and C. canis in wild canids have to be assessed in future studies to better understand the actual importance of these species in this region.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of Giardia duodenalis in Children and Adults Sampled in Algeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Salem Belkessa ◽  
Daniel Thomas-Lopez ◽  
Karim Houali ◽  
Farida Ghalmi ◽  
Christen Rune Stensvold
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Giardia Duodenalis ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Pcr Targeting ◽  
Assemblage B

The molecular epidemiology of giardiasis in Africa remains unclear. A study was carried out across four hospitals in Algeria. A total of 119 fecal samples from 55 children, 37 adults, and 27 individuals of undetermined age, all scored positive for intestinal parasites by microscopy, and were screened by real-time PCR for Giardia. Molecular characterization of Giardia was performed by assemblage-specific PCR and PCR targeting the triose phosphate isomerase gene (tpi). Of the 119 samples, 80 (67%) were Giardia-positive by real-time PCR. For 48 moderately-highly real-time PCR-positive samples, tpi genotyping assigned 22 samples to Assemblage A and 26 to Assemblage B. Contrary to Assemblage A, Assemblage B exhibited substantial genetic diversity and allelic heterozygosity. Assemblage-specific PCR proved to be specific for discriminating Assemblage A or B but not as sensitive as tpi genotyping. We confirmed that real-time PCR is more sensitive than microscopy for detecting Giardia in stool samples and that robust amplification and sequencing of the tpi gene is feasible when moderate-to-strongly real-time PCR-positive samples are used. This study is one of the few performed in Africa providing genotyping data on Giardia infections in humans. Both assemblages A and B were commonly seen and not associated with specific sociodemographic data.

scholarly journals Molecular characterization of swine hepatitis E virus from Southeastern Brazil

2007 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 693-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helder Henrique Paiva ◽  
Valentina Tzaneva ◽  
Rodrigo Haddad ◽  
Jonny Yokosawa
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Swine Hepatitis

scholarly journals Molecular characterization of hookworm spp. isolated from food handlers, Khartoum, Sudan: A cross-sectional study

F1000Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 662
Author(s):  
Tarig A. Gamar ◽  
Hassan H. Musa ◽  
Hisham N. Altayb ◽  
Mohamed H. Mohamed ◽  
Adam D. Abakar
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Molecular Probe ◽  
Hookworm Infection ◽  
Food Handlers ◽  
The Public ◽  
Necator Americanus ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Stool Samples

Background: Hookworms infect the intestines, cause an itchy rash, respiratory and gastrointestinal problems, and eventually iron deficiency (anaemia) due to the ongoing loss of blood. The objectives of this study were to assess the prevalence and molecular characterization of hookworms isolated from food handlers attending the Public Health Laboratories in Khartoum state, Sudan, for annual check-ups, and to assess the efficiency of PCR as molecular probe for hookworm infection. Methods: A total of 350 foods handlers’ participant's stool samples who were not suspected to be infected with hookworms were studied. Conventional methods were applied to make an early diagnosis. Stool samples were collected from public health laboratories (the public health lab in the Medical Commission) of Khartoum State; Omdurman locality, Khartoum North locality and Khartoum locality between October 2016 and April 2017. Specific identification was made by PCR on specimens identified as positive by Baermann’s technique, which were then sequence and genotyped Results: The prevalence of hookworms in the stool samples of food-handlers was 1.43%. One larval specimen recovered by Baermann’s technique was confirmed to be Necator americanus by PCR. PCR also confirmed that Necator americanus was the common species isolated from four further specimens. The results of DNA sequencing for Necator americanus were deposited in NCBI GenBank under the following accession numbers: sample 91, MH035824; sample 92, MH035825; sample 294, MH035826; and sample 319 MH035827. Conclusion: PCR was found to be effective for confirmation of the diagnosis of hookworm infection and can aid the clinician in initiating prompt and appropriate antiparasite therapy.

Morphological, ultrastructural, and molecular characterization of intestinal tetratrichomonads isolated from non-human primates in southeastern Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 116 (9) ◽  
pp. 2479-2488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Spitz dos Santos ◽  
Vera Lúcia Teixeira de Jesus ◽  
Douglas McIntosh ◽  
Caroline Cunha Carreiro ◽  
Lilian Cristina Oliveira Batista ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Southeastern Brazil

Prevalence and molecular characterization of human rhinovirus in stool samples of individuals with and without acute gastroenteritis

2016 ◽  
Vol 89 (5) ◽  
pp. 801-808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prapaporn Khoonta ◽  
Piyada Linsuwanon ◽  
Nawarat Posuwan ◽  
Sompong Vongpunsawad ◽  
Sunchai Payungporn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Human Rhinovirus ◽  
Stool Samples

Cellular and molecular characterization of the impact of laboratory setup on bovine in vitro embryo production

2012 ◽  
Vol 77 (9) ◽  
pp. 1767-1778.e1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dany Plourde ◽  
Christian Vigneault ◽  
Isabelle Laflamme ◽  
Patrick Blondin ◽  
Claude Robert
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Embryo Production ◽  
Laboratory Setup ◽  
In Vitro Embryo Production ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of E. Histolytica Strains Based on the Serine Rich Entamoeba Histolytica Protein (Srehp) And Chitinase Genes.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renay Ngobeni ◽  
Amidou Samie
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Genetic Heterogeneity ◽  
Chitinase Gene ◽  
Genetic Profile ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Chitinase Genes

Abstract BACKGROUND: Even though E. histolytica is recognized as an effective pathogen, what determines the outcome of this infection is still not well understood. The present study was carried out to determine the genetic characteristics of E. histolytica isolates from two different regions in South Africa. METHOD: Diarrheal and non-diarrheal stool samples were collected from patients of all ages from Giyani and Pretoria. Different PCR protocols were used to identify E. histolytica and amplify the serine rich E. histolytica protein (SREHP) and chitinase genes. The profiles obtained were compared among the different samples.RESULTS: Out of 111 stool samples collected, 51 were positive by either PCR or microscopy and 14 samples were positive by both methods. The serine- rich E. histolytica protein was amplified in 26 samples. Out of the 26 samples (19) different SREHP profiles were obtained. SREHP #2 was obtained in 5 different samples, 4 from Pretoria and 1 from Giyani (2 diarrheal and 3 non-diarrheal). The chitinase gene was amplified from 51 samples and 22 different chitinase profiles were obtained. Of all the profiles, profile #4 was found in 6 different isolates, 5 from Giyani and 1 from Pretoria (3 symptomatic and 3 asymptomatic). However, profile # 18 was only found in formed stools from Giyani. CONCLUSIONS. The results obtained in this study have further confirmed the genetic heterogeneity of E. histolytica for the SREHP and chitinase genes which might have a significant influence in the outcome of amebic infection, depending on the genetic profile of the infecting strain.

scholarly journals Abundância e Diversidade de Coleópteros de Solo em Fragmentos de Capoeira ao Entorno da Zona Urbana do Município de Uruará-PA, Brasil.

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reinaldo Lucas Cajaiba ◽  
Wully Barreto Da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fauna ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Human Action ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Species Accumulation Curves ◽  
Accumulation Curves ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
The Impact

A ação humana vem transformando as paisagens florestais em fragmentos isolados de remanescentes, podendo levar muitas espécies à extinção. Desta maneira se faz necessário a realização de estudos para o conhecimento e adequada caracterização da fauna de solo e, por conseguinte sua preservação. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi caracterizar a fauna de coleópteros em um fragmento florestal ao entorno da cidade de Uruará, PA. Para tanto, utilizou-se armadilhas tipo pitfall não iscadas para a coleta. O fragmento foi dividido em quatro transectos, com armadilhas instaladas ao longo da borda (T1), 50 m (T2), 100 m (T3) e 200 m (T4). Foram coletados 196 indivíduos, classificados em sete famílias e 34 espécies/morfoespécies. A família que apresentou a maior abundância foi a Curculionidae representando 56,40% da abundância, tendo o gênero Xyleborus sp. a maior dominância. Através do índice de Diversidade de Shanon, observou-se que a área de borda apresentou a menor diversidade e maior dominância (índice de Berger-Parker). Através da curva de acumulação e dos estimadores de espécies, ficou evidenciado que a área de estudo apresenta uma quantidade superior de espécies ao encontrado no presente estudo, e que pesquisas futuras são necessárias para um melhor acompanhamento das alterações que ocorrem nos fragmentos florestais com a finalidade de propor medidas de menor impacto e preservação dessa biodiversidade. Abundance and Diversity of Ground Dwelling Beetles (Arthropoda: Insecta) in Fragments of Shrubbery Vegetation (Capoeira) in the Surroundings of the Urban Zone of Uruará City-PA, Brazil   Abstract. Human action has been transforming forest landscapes into isolated fragments, which may lead to the extinction of many species. Therefore, studies should be conducted to provide knowledge and the appropriate characterization of soil fauna, and, consequently, its preservation. This study was aimed to characterize the fauna of beetles in a forest fragment in the surroundings of Uruará city, PA. Unbaited pitfall traps were used for the collection of the beetles. The fragment was divided into four transects, with traps installed along the border (T1), 50 m (T2), 100 m (T3) and 200 m (T4). 196 individuals classified in seven families and 34 species/morphospecies were collected. The most abundant family was the Curculionidae accounting for 56.40% of the abundance, with gender Xyleborus sp. being the most dominant. Measurement with the Shannon Diversity Index for measurement showed lower diversity and greater dominance (Berger-Parker index) in the border area. Using species accumulation curves and estimators it became evident that the study area had a greater number of species than those found in the present study, and that further studies are needed to better monitor changes in forest fragments in order to propose measures to reduce the impact on this biodiversity and preserve it.

Molecular characterization of trypanosome isolates from naturally infected domestic animals in Burkina Faso

1997 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 251-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Marc Reifenberg ◽  
Philippe Solano ◽  
Gérard Duvallet ◽  
Dominique Cuisance ◽  
Joanny Simpore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Domestic Animals

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization and Moxifloxacin Susceptibility of Clostridium difficile

Antibiotics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Mizrahi ◽  
Hamo ◽  
Azrad ◽  
Peretz
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Dna Extraction ◽  
Resistance Testing ◽  
Gyra Gene ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
High Concordance ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Different Strains

In recent years, the incidence and severity of Clostridium difficile infections has increased.Additionally, resistance of C. difficile to frequently used antibiotics is rising. To improve ourunderstanding of C. difficile, there is a need for molecular characterization of different strains andantibiotic resistance testing. We investigated the efficacy of GenoType CDiff kit (Hain Lifesciences)in identification of C. difficile and its various strains in northern Israel. The kit involves a molecularassay that detects C. difficile from stool samples or colonies and identifies the different strains andmutations in the gyrA gene that cause moxifloxacin resistance. Forty‐nine C. difficile positive sampleswere examined by the kit following DNA extraction from both colonies and stool. The identificationrate (95.9%) of C. difficile was much higher when DNA was extracted from colonies, compared toextraction from stool (46.9%). Low frequencies of ribotype027 strain (2%) and of ribotype078 strain(4%) were found. There was a high concordance between genotype (mutation in gyrA) andphenotype (Etest) for moxifloxacin resistance (Kappa=0.72). A high percentage of moxifloxacinresistantstrains was found. Our findings indicate that the GenoType CDiff kit is very effective incharacterization of C. difficile strains and less effective for identification of C. difficile directly fromstool samples.

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