scholarly journals Comparison of the changes of alveolar bone thickness in maxillary incisor area in extraction and non-extraction cases: computerized tomography evaluation

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 91-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Roberto Barroso Picanço ◽  
Fabricio Pinelli Valarelli ◽  
Rodrigo Hermont Cançado ◽  
Karina Maria Salvatore de Freitas ◽  
Gracemia Vasconcelos Picanço
Keyword(s):  
Tooth Extraction ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Maxillary Incisor ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Treatment Length ◽  
Space Closure ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Maxillary Incisors

OBJECTIVE: To compare, through computed tomography, alveolar bone thickness changes at the maxillary incisors area during orthodontic treatment with and without tooth extraction. METHODS: Twelve patients were evaluated. They were divided into 2 groups: G1 - 6 patients treated with extraction of right and left maxillary first premolars, with mean initial age of 15.83 years and mean treatment length of 2.53 years; G2 - 6 patients treated without extraction, with mean initial age of 18.26 years and mean treatment length of 2.39 years. Computed tomographies, lateral cephalograms and periapical radiographs were used at the beginning of the treatment (T1) and 18 months after the treatment had started (T2). Extraction space closure occurred in the extraction cases. Intragroup and intergroup comparisons were performed by dependent and independent t test, respectively. RESULTS: In G1, the central incisor was retracted and uprighted, while in G2 this tooth showed vestibularization. Additionally, G1 presented a higher increase of labial alveolar bone thickness at the cervical third in comparison with G2. The incidence of root resorption did not present significant differences between groups. CONCLUSION: There were no changes in alveolar bone thickness when extraction and nonextraction cases were compared, except for the labial alveolar bone thickness at the cervical third of maxillary incisors.

scholarly journals Changes of anterior maxillary alveolar bone thickness following incisor proclination and extrusion

2014 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 549-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Udom Thongudomporn ◽  
Chairat Charoemratrote ◽  
Sarayut Jearapongpakorn
Keyword(s):  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Maxillary Incisor ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Class Iii Malocclusion ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Maxillary Incisors ◽  
Palatal Bone

ABSTRACT Objective:  To investigate changes in maxillary alveolar bone thickness after maxillary incisor proclination and extrusion during anterior crossbite correction in a group of growing patients with Class III malocclusion. Materials and Methods:  Maxillary incisors of 15 growing patients with anterior crossbite were proclined and extruded with 0.016″ beta-titanium advancing loops and Class III elastics. Lateral cephalograms were recorded before advancement (T0) and 4 months after a normal overjet and overbite were achieved (T1). Changes in alveolar bone thickness surrounding the maxillary incisors at the crestal (S1), midroot (S2), and apical (S3) levels were measured using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Paired t-tests were used to determine the significance of the changes. A Spearman rank correlation analysis was performed to explore the relationship between thickness changes and the rate and amount of incisor movements. Results:  Although statistically significant decreases were observed in palatal and total bone thickness at the S2 and S3 level (P < .05), the amounts of these changes were clinically insignificant, ranging from 0.34 to 0.59 mm. Changes in labial bone thickness at all levels were not significant. Changes in palatal bone thickness at S3 were negatively correlated with changes in incisor inclination. (r  =  −0.71; P < .05). Conclusion:  In a group of growing patients with Class III malocclusion undergoing anterior crossbite correction, controlled tipping mechanics accompanied by extrusive force may produce successful tooth movement with minimal iatrogenic detriment to the alveolar bone.

scholarly journals Predisposing factors to severe external root resorption associated to orthodontic treatment

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gracemia Vasconcelos Picanço ◽  
Karina Maria Salvatore de Freitas ◽  
Rodrigo Hermont Cançado ◽  
Fabricio Pinelli Valarelli ◽  
Paulo Roberto Barroso Picanço ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Predisposing Factors ◽  
Crown Root ◽  
External Root Resorption ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Maxillary Incisors

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate predisposing factors among patients who developed moderate or severe external root resorption (Malmgren's grades 3 and 4), on the maxillary incisors, during fixed orthodontic treatment in the permanent dentition. METHODS: Ninety-nine patients who underwent orthodontic treatment with fixed edgewise appliances were selected. Patients were divided into two groups: G1 - 50 patients with no root resorption or presenting only apical irregularities (Malmgren's grades 0 and 1) at the end of the treatment, with mean initial age of 16.79 years and mean treatment time of 3.21 years; G2 - 49 patients presenting moderate or severe root resorption (Malmgren's grades 3 and 4) at the end of treatment on the maxillary incisors, with mean initial age of 19.92 years and mean treatment time of 3.98 years. Periapical radiographs and lateral cephalograms were evaluated. Factors that could influence the occurrence of severe root resorption were also recorded. Statistical analysis included chi-square tests, Fisher's exact test and independent t tests. RESULTS: The results demonstrated significant difference between the groups for the variables: Extractions, initial degree of root resorption, root length and crown/root ratio at the beginning, and cortical thickness of the alveolar bone. CONCLUSION: It can be concluded that: Presence of root resorption before the beginning of treatment, extractions, reduced root length, decreased crown/root ratio and thin alveolar bone represent risk factors for severe root resorption in maxillary incisors during orthodontic treatment.

scholarly journals Quantitative Analysis of the Relationship between Maxillary Incisors and the Incisive Canal by Cone-Beam Computed Tomography in an Adult Population of Mangaluru

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaishnavi D ◽  
◽  
Harshitha V ◽  
Kishore K ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Interindividual Variation ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Maxillary Incisor ◽  
Incisive Canal ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Maxillary Incisors

Background: Maxillary anterior teeth play a crucial role in aesthetics, phonetics, and mastication. For successful orthodontic treatment evaluating the morphology of the alveolar bone and incisive canal would help in avoiding root resorption, dehiscence, and fenestration. This study is aimed to research the configurational relationships among maxillary incisors, alveolar bone, and incisive canal through Cone Beam Computerated Tomography (CBCT). Methods: CBCT images of 35 orthodontic patients were evaluated for length of the canal (L); angles between the palatal plane and the maxillary alveolar border (01),the incisive canal (02), and maxillary incisor (03); distance from the right maxillary incisor to the incisive canal (D). All the measurements were performed on sagittal plane with the exception of (D) which was made on axial plane. Statistical analysis was performed on the above parameters using two sample test and Pearson’s correlation analysis. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between males and females for all the variables although there were large interindividual variation. There was a positive moderate correlation between 01 and 02 (0.480), 01 and 03 (0.487), 02 and 03 (0.345). The mean value for L and D were 10.38mm and 4.14mm respectively. Conclusion: There exists a large interindividual variability for incisive canal, proximity of incisors with that of incisive canal which could not be precisely predicted by the conventional cephalograms. The results of the study could be helpful clinically in planning orthodontic treatment for significant intrusion and retraction of maxillary incisors

scholarly journals Incisor position and alveolar bone thickness:

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Will A. Andrews ◽  
Wakas S. Abdulrazzaq ◽  
Jeffrey E. Hunt ◽  
Lucas M. Mendes ◽  
Linda A. Hallman
Keyword(s):  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Root Apex ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Maxillary Incisor ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Mandibular Incisor ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Incisor Inclination ◽  
Root Apices ◽  
Labial Surface

ABSTRACT Objectives To evaluate incisor position and its relationship to alveolar bone in untreated optimal occlusions and in untreated Class II malocclusions. Materials and Methods Fifty-seven lateral cephalograms of individuals with naturally occurring optimal occlusions (mean age = 23 years) were used to assess positions of central incisors and their relationships to alveolar bone. Data were compared to a sample of 57 individuals with untreated Class II malocclusions with concurrent anterior-posterior (AP) skeletal discrepancies (mean age = 16.9 years). Results Significant intergroup differences were found for AP jaw relationship, maxillary alveolar bone thickness, mandibular incisor inclination, maxillary incisor root distance to labial surface of alveolar bone, and mandibular incisor root apex distance to labial surface of alveolar bone. Small differences between females and males existed for several variables. In both samples, maxillary incisor roots were located closer to the labial surface of alveolar process than to the palatal surface by roughly a 2:1 ratio. Mandibular incisor root apices were generally equidistant from the labial and lingual surfaces of the alveolus in the optimal sample but closer to the lingual surface in the Class II sample. Conclusions Maxillary incisors tend to occupy the anterior one-third of the alveolus in untreated individuals, regardless of AP interarch dental relationships or AP jaw relationships. Mandibular incisor root apices tend to be centered within the alveolus in untreated optimal occlusions but are more positively inclined, and their root apices are more posterior in untreated Class II malocclusions.

scholarly journals Alveolar bone response to light-force tipping and bodily movement in maxillary incisor advancement: A prospective randomized clinical trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyakorn Chaimongkol ◽  
Udom Thongudomporn ◽  
Steven J. Lindauer
Keyword(s):  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Untreated Group ◽  
Maxillary Incisor ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Bodily Movement ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Light Force ◽  
Movement Group ◽  
Bone Height

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare alveolar bone thickness and height changes between untreated incisors (control), incisors advanced with light-force tipping, and incisors advanced with bodily movement mechanics. Materials and Methods: Forty-three subjects (aged 9.49 ± 1.56 years) with anterior crossbite were allocated into an untreated group (control), tipping group, or bodily movement group. Lateral cephalograms were taken before advancement (T0) and after obtaining normal overjet (T1). Changes in labial and palatal alveolar bone thickness and height surrounding maxillary incisors were evaluated with limited field-of-view cone-beam computed tomography before advancement (CT0) and 4 months after normal overjet was obtained (CT1). Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-rank and Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA tests were used to compare changes within and between groups, as appropriate. The significance level was set at .05. Results: Labial alveolar bone thickness at the midroot and apical levels were significantly decreased in the bodily movement group (P < .05). However, between groups, there was no statistically significant difference in labial bone thickness changes at any level. Palatal and total alveolar bone thickness at the midroot and apical levels were significantly decreased in the tipping group compared with the control and bodily movement groups (P < .05). Neither labial nor palatal bone height changes were significantly different among groups. Conclusions: Maxillary incisor advancement with light-force tipping and bodily movement in growing patients resulted in labial alveolar bone thickness and labial and palatal alveolar bone height changes that were similar to the untreated group.

scholarly journals A prospective clinical trial of the effects produced by the Connecticut intrusion arch on the maxillary dental arch

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 500-506
Author(s):  
Alessandro Schwertner ◽  
Renato Rodrigues de Almeida ◽  
Renata Rodrigues de Almeida-Pedrin ◽  
Thais Maria Freire Fernandes ◽  
Paula Oltramari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Correction Method ◽  
Maxillary Incisor ◽  
Dental Arch ◽  
Deep Bite ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Distal Surface ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Maxillary Incisors ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

ABSTRACT Objective To assess and compare the effects produced in the maxillary dental arch by means of Connecticut intrusion arch (CIA) with or without a cinch back on the distal end of the tube of the first molars. Materials and Methods This study included 44 patients with a mean age of 13.1 ± 1.8 years treated for deep bite with a CIA randomly divided into two groups: group 1 (G1), 22 patients with initial mean age of 12.72 ± 1.74 years treated with the CIA in the upper arch without a cinch back on the distal surface of the tube of the first molars, and group 2 (G2), 22 patients with an initial mean age of 13.67 ± 2.03 years treated with the CIA with a cinch back. Lateral cephalograms were available before treatment (T1) and after intrusion of maxillary incisors (T2). The mean treatment period was 5.5 ± 1.45 months. Intragroup and intergroup changes in the maxillary incisor and molar positions were analyzed by paired and independent t-tests associated with the Holm-Bonferroni correction method for multiple comparisons (P < .05). Results There were significant differences between groups in terms of maxillary incisor displacement. The maxillary incisors flared labially (2.17°) and proclined (1.68 mm) in group 1, whereas a palatal inclination (−1.99°) and retroclination (−1.13 mm) was observed in group 2. No significant differences were found for the molar positions between the groups. Conclusions The presence or absence of a distal bend in CIA affects incisor tipping and proclination during intrusion mechanics.

scholarly journals Maxillary Incisor Proclination Effect on the Position of Point A in Class II division 2 Malocclusion

2009 ◽  
Vol 79 (5) ◽  
pp. 880-884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazem S. Al-Nimri ◽  
Abdalla M. Hazza'a ◽  
Rami M. Al-Omari
Keyword(s):  
Bone Remodeling ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Local Effect ◽  
Maxillary Incisor ◽  
Total Change ◽  
Alveolar Bone Remodeling ◽  
Local Bone ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Division 2

Abstract Objective: To test the hypothesis that the magnitude of alteration in the position of point A is not associated with proclination of the upper incisors in Class II division 2 malocclusion. Materials and Methods: Cephalometric films were taken for 30 Class II division 2 patients (8 males and 22 females; average age, 18.3 years) before and after upper incisor proclination. The total change in the position of point A was measured by superimposing the pretreatment and postproclination lateral cephalograms on the sella-nasion line at the sella. To determine the local effect of alveolar bone remodeling associated with upper incisor proclination on the position of point A, postproclination tracing of the maxilla was superimposed on the pretreatment tracing according to the Bolton template of maxillary superimposition. Results: The total vertical displacement in Point A position was downward by 0.84 mm (P = .002), and the total horizontal displacement was forward by 0.45 mm (P = .054). Assessment of local changes in point A revealed that the position of point A had moved backward by 0.60 mm (P = .001). No significant change was observed in the value of the sella-nasion–point A angle (SNA). Conclusion: The hypothesis is rejected. The position of point A is affected by local bone remodeling associated with proclination of the upper incisor in Class II division 2 malocclusion, but this minor change does not significantly affect the SNA angle.

scholarly journals Tooth and bone changes after initial anterior dental alignment using preformed vs customized nickel titanium archwires in adults: A randomized clinical trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 425-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Papatpong Phermsang-ngarm ◽  
Chairat Charoemratrote
Keyword(s):  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Nickel Titanium ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Incisor Tooth ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Bone Changes ◽  
Experimental Group

ABSTRACT Objectives: To compare tooth movement achieved, time required for alignment, root resorption, and alveolar bone thickness changes during initial dental alignment between groups treated with 0.012-inch preformed heat-activated or customized nickel titanium (NiTi) archwires. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two subjects (mean age 19.8 ± 1.7 years) with severe crowding of maxillary anterior teeth had premolar extractions and were randomly allocated into control and experimental groups receiving preformed heat-activated and customized NiTi archwires, respectively. Limited field of view cone-beam computed tomographies were taken initially (T0) and three months after final alignment (TF) to evaluate bone changes. Digital model analysis assessed tooth movement at monthly intervals. Time to achieve alignment was assessed in months. Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and Mann–Whitney U-tests were used to compare changes within and between groups, as appropriate. Results: Central incisor tooth movement was significantly different (all P ≤ .003) between groups at all time points. TF-T0 showed labial movement (0.75 ± 1.42 mm) in the control group and palatal movement (−0.96 ± 0.41 mm) in the experimental group. The experimental compared to control group showed significantly more canine distal movement (0.60 ± 0.28 mm; P ≤ .049), less labial bone thickness changes (P ≤ .004), less root resorption of the central and lateral incisors (P ≤ .007), and a longer time to achieve alignment (P = .01). Conclusions: The experimental group exhibited palatal movement of the central incisors, more canine distal movement with less bone thickness changes, and less root resorption but took more time to achieve alignment than the control group.

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