scholarly journals Effect of Urucu oil (Brazilian Amazon) on the biomass of the aquatic macrophyte Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms (Pontederiaceae)

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 406-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Carvalho Crema ◽  
Jose Francisco Vicente Biudes ◽  
Antonio Fernando Monteiro Camargo
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Aquatic Macrophyte ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Pistia Stratiotes ◽  
Macrophyte Species

The rivers and floodplain lakes of the Urucu petroleum-bearing region in central Amazonia are extensively colonized by aquatic macrophytes, which may be affected by accidental spills during oil extraction and transportation operations. Among the species of macrophytes, the free-floating Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth) is abundant; AIM: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different dosages of Urucu crude oil (0, 0.5, 1.5 and 3.0 L.m-2) on the biomass of E. crassipes and on some physical and chemical characteristics of the water in which the plant grew; METHODS: The experiment was conducted over a period of 84 days. Every seven days, the biomass (live and dead) of E. crassipes and the temperature, pH, electrical conductivity and dissolved oxygen in the water were measured; RESULTS: The dosage of 0.5 L.m-2 was sufficient to cause partial mortality (48%) in E. crassipes after 35 days of exposure to oil. The dosage of 3.0 L.m-2 caused total mortality (100%) in E. crassipes after 84 days of exposure. The decomposition of the oil and the dead biomass of E. crassipes reduced the dissolved oxygen and pH, and increased electrical conductivity and concentrations of total phosphorus in the water; CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that an oil spill can cause total mortality in the local population of one macrophyte species, but not of another. This may alter the macrophyte species diversity in the impacted region. In the case of E. crassipes and Pistia stratiotes, an Urucu crude oil spill could favor E. crassipes, the species less sensitive to oil.

scholarly journals Fish associated with aquatic macrophytes in the Chacororé-Sinhá Mariana Lake system and Mutum River, Pantanal of Mato Grosso, Brazil

2009 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
EB. Pacheco ◽  
CJ. Da-Silva
Keyword(s):  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Aquatic Macrophytes ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Aquatic Macrophyte ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Analysis Of Similarity ◽  
Eichhornia Azurea ◽  
Macrophyte Species

On the left bank of the Cuibá River, one of the main tributaries of the Pantanal in Mato Grosso, are located the Chacororé and Sinhá Mariana Lakes and the Mutum River, the littoral regions of which are covered with aquatic macrophytes, dominated by the species Eichhornia crassipes and Eichhornia azurea. To examine the ichthyofauna associated with this vegetation, in the year 2003, 3510 fish were collected, distributed among 83 species, and the limnological variables verified near the macrophyte stands where they were sampled. The most abundant and richest order was the Characiformes, followed by the Gymnotiformes and Siluriformes. Analysis of similarity showed a very low, or null, index that the limnological conditions and morphology of the aquatic macrophyte species provide habitat sufficiently homogeneous to give. The limnological conditions and morphology of the aquatic macrophyte species provide a sufficient habitat heterogeneity to give very low, or null, index values. Thus, environmental conservation measures should be more effective in promoting the conservation of the species, given the high levels of biological diversity found in the habitats studied.

scholarly journals Phenology of macropytes of Sagar Lake (M.P.)

1970 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 89-90
Author(s):  
Arti Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Hydrilla Verticillata ◽  
Pistia Stratiotes ◽  
Vallisneria Spiralis ◽  
Macrophyte Species

The paper deals with phonological data of ten macrophyte species growing in Sagar Lake. Phenograms of Eichhornia crassipes, Hydrilla verticillata, Ipomiea aquatica, Jussiaea repens, Pistia stratiotes, Trapa bispinosa and Vallisneria spiralis have been presented. Key words: Phenology; Sagar Lake   doi: 10.3126/eco.v12i0.3205 Ecoprint: An International Journal of Ecology 12: 89-90, 2005

scholarly journals Effects of crude oil treatment on the morphology and performance of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes (Mart) Solms) in Niger-Delta region of Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-156
Author(s):  
Jonathan Chukwudi Iwubeh ◽  
Izundu Alexandra Ikechukwu ◽  
Egboka Tochukwu Praise ◽  
Anukwuorji Chidozie Azubuike ◽  
Anyaegbu Chiamaka Francise
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Niger Delta ◽  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Control Plant ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Delta Region ◽  
Niger Delta Region ◽  
Number Of Leaves

Many aquatic plants existing in the Niger Delta area of Nigeria are at the risk of extinction due to oil spill. The present study was aimed at investigating the effect of different concentrations of crude oil on the morphology and growth performance of the hydrophyte, Eichhornia crassipes present in coastal waters of Nigeria’s Niger Delta region, where crude oil exploitation as well as oil spill is high. The plant, E. crassipes was subjected to varying concentrations of crude oil treatments (1.25%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5% and 10%). Each treatment was replicated three times. The performance was measured using various growth parameters which include height, number of leaves, leaf area, fresh weight and dry weight. The results showed that the control plant performed better than the treated plants with respect to all the morphological characters considered. The control plant of E. crassipes produced a height of 7.56±0.028 from an initial height of 6.02±0.028. Among the treated plants, 1.25% and 2.5% promoted height, leaf area, number of leaves, fresh and dry weight up to the 6th week of growth while 7.5% and 10% decreased plant height up to the 4th week. The E. crassipes treated with 7.5% and 10% crude oil concentrations died 6 weeks following the treatments. The ability of E. crassipes to tolerate the different levels of crude oil was authenticated in this study. However, the study showed that there is a limit of sustenance of petroleum hydrocarbons pollution for E. crassipes above which toxicity will apply.

scholarly journals Glyphosate Effectiveness in the Control of Macrophytes Under a Greenhouse Condition

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Cruz ◽  
A.F. Silva ◽  
L.V. Luna ◽  
A.K.F. Yamauchi ◽  
N. Garlich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Aquatic Macrophytes ◽  
Constant Pressure ◽  
Pistia Stratiotes ◽  
Salvinia Molesta ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Spray Solution ◽  
Macrophyte Species ◽  
Randomized Experimental Design ◽  
Product Effectiveness

The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of glyphosate, as Rodeo(r) formulation, to control Eichhornia crassipes, Pistia stratiotes, Salvinia molesta, Salvinia herzogii and Urochloa subquadripara, under greenhouse conditions. The doses assessed were (480, 960, 1440, 1920, 2400, 2880, 3360 and 3840 g ha-1 of glyphosate) with 0.5% of the Aterbane(r) BR surfactant and a control, with no herbicide application. All experiments were conducted in a completely randomized experimental design with ten replications. Applications were carried out by precision backpack sprayer at a CO2 constant pressure of 25 psi and spray solution consumption of 200 L ha-1. Product effectiveness was determined by assessing the growth inhibitions and phytotoxicity signals during the periods of 3, 7, 15, 21, 30 and 45 days after application (DAA). At 45 DAA, the highest glyphosate dose (3840 g ha-1) displayed 100% effectiveness for all four macrophyte species. Under greenhouse conditions, the glyphosate in formulation Rodeo(r) with 0.5% of Aterbarne(r) BR surfactant showed excellent effectiveness, inhibiting the growth of the floating aquatic macrophytes. This procedure can be included on the tillage plans for these species.

scholarly journals Response of aquatic macrophyte biomass to limnological changes under water level fluctuation in tropical reservoirs

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. G. Moura Júnior ◽  
A. Pott ◽  
W. Severi ◽  
C. S. Zickel
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Aquatic Macrophyte ◽  
Interspecific Interaction ◽  
Water Level Fluctuation ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Pistia Stratiotes ◽  
Level Fluctuation ◽  
Tropical Reservoirs ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract We evaluated the response of the biomass of aquatic macrophytes under limnological changes after water level fluctuation (WLF) of two tropical reservoirs (R1 and R2), located in northeastern Brazil. Initially we tested the hypothesis that post-WLF limnological conditions and biomass of macrophytes increase or decrease, depending on the variable or species. We monitored a 4 × 50 m permanent plot, in four expeditions per period (pre- or post-WLF), assessing species biomass and 10 limnological variables. We utilized 0.25 × 0.25 m quadrats for biomass. Once the effect of WLF in limnological variables and species biomass was confirmed, we utilized Canonical Correspondence Analysis to understand the relationship between limnological variables and species biomass. The abundant and/or dominant species in pre-WLF of R1 ( Pistia stratiotes, Eichhornia crassipes and Salvinia auriculata) and R2 (Paspalidium geminatum and S. auriculata) reduced their biomass post-WLF and were correlated with temperature, total phosphorous and nitrate. The reduced biomass of P. stratiotes, E. crassipes and S. auriculata in post-WLF widened resource availability, allowing coexistence of species. Therefore, we suggest that the change of limnological conditions in post-WLF in artificial lakes acts only as a moderator factor of the interspecific interaction (especially coexistence), without direct relation between these conditions and species biomass.

Physiological Effects of Exposure to Copper and Chromium in Three Floating Aquatic Macrophyte Species

2021 ◽  
Vol 232 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Débora Cristina de Souza ◽  
Ana Carla Fontaneli ◽  
Ana Paula Peron ◽  
Sandro Froehner
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Macrophyte ◽  
Physiological Effects ◽  
Macrophyte Species

scholarly journals The Mauritius Oil Spill: What’s Next?

Pollutants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-28
Author(s):  
Davide Seveso ◽  
Yohan Didier Louis ◽  
Simone Montano ◽  
Paolo Galli ◽  
Francesco Saliu
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Marine Ecosystems ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Biological Impact ◽  
Marine Oil ◽  
Restoration Techniques

In light of the recent marine oil spill that occurred off the coast of Mauritius (Indian Ocean), we comment here the incident, the containment method used by the local population, the biological impact of oil spill on two sensitive tropical marine ecosystems (coral reefs and mangrove forests), and we suggest monitoring and restoration techniques of the impacted ecosystems based on recent research advancements.

scholarly journals GC-MS ANALYSIS OF INVASIVE AQUATIC WEED, PISTIA STRATIOTES L. AND EICHHORNIA CRASSIPES (MART.) SOLMS

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tulika Tyagi ◽  
Mala Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Ethyl Ester ◽  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Acid Ethyl Ester ◽  
Pistia Stratiotes ◽  
Aquatic Weed ◽  
Hexadecenoic Acid ◽  
Hexadecanoic Acid ◽  
Acid Methyl

Objective: To investigate the bioactive components of an invasive aquatic weed, Pistia stratiotes L. and Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms vegetative parts by using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS).Methods: The chemical compositions of the ethanol extract of whole plant Pistia stratiotes L. and Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms was investigated using Agilent Technologies GC-MS (GC-7890A, MS 5975C).Results: The results of GC-MS analysis of the ethanolic extract revealed the existence of 28 phytochemical compounds in Pistia stratiotes L. n-Hexadecanoic acid,-11-Hexadecenoic acid, ethyl ester, Hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester, Octadecanoic acid, ethyl ester, 2-Cyclopenten-1-one, 5-hydroxy-2,3-dimethyl, L-Glutamine, 2-Pentadecanone, 6,10,14-trimethyl, Linolelaidic acid, methyl ester, 9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid, methyl ester,(Z,Z,Z), Nonadecane, 12,15-Octadecadiynoic acid, methyl ester, Hexadecanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethyl ester, Diisooctyl phthalate, Docosanoic acid, ethyl ester, Stigmasterol, Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, 1-Monolinoleoylglycerol trimethylsilyl ether, Ethyl iso-allocholate are the major compound.The ethanolic extract of Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms contains 43 phytochemical compounds of high and low molecular weight n-Hexadecanoic acid, E-11-Hexadecenoic acid, ethyl ester, Palmitic acid, Phytol, 9,12,15-Octadecatrienal, 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid, ethyl ester, Linolenic acid, ethyl ester, Stearic acid, ethyl ester, Hexadecanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethyl ester, α-Glyceryl linolenate, 1-Monolinoleoylglycerol trimethylsilyl ether, Linoleic acid, 2,3-bis-(O-TMS)-propyl ester, Stigmasterol, Linolelaidic acid, methyl ester, 9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid, ethyl ester, (Z,Z,Z), Ethyl iso-allocholate, Cholesta-22,24-dien-5-ol, 4,4-dimethyl are the major compounds.These results indicates Pistia stratiotes L. and Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms possess potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antitumour, antiarthritic, cancer preventive, antibacterial effects so can be recommended as a plant of phytopharmaceutical importance.Conclusion: The ethanol extract of Pistia stratiotes L. and Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms proves as a potential source of bioactive compounds of pharmacological importance.

Evidence for physical and chemical stratification in Lake Untersee (central Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica)

1997 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Wand ◽  
G. Schwarz ◽  
E. Brüggemann ◽  
K. Bräuer
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Water Column ◽  
Water Body ◽  
East Antarctica ◽  
Bacterial Sulphate Reduction ◽  
Chemical Stratification ◽  
Dronning Maud Land ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Vertical Gradients

Lake Untersee is the largest freshwater lake in the interior of East Antarctica. It is a perennially ice-covered, max. 169 m deep, ultra-oligotrophic lake. In contrast to earlier studies, we found clear evidence for physical and chemical stratification in the summer of 1991–92. However, the stratification was restricted to a trough, c. 500 m wide and up to 105 m deep, in the south-western part of the lake. There, the water body was distinctly stratified as indicated by sharp vertical gradients of temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, and electrical conductivity. The water column was anoxic below 80 m. The chemical stratification is also indicated by changes of ionic ratios. Moreover, there was some evidence for methanogenesis and bacterial sulphate reduction in Lake Untersee.

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