MICROBIAL COMMUNITY STRUCTURE AND MAGNETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY AT THE NATIONAL CRUDE OIL SPILL FATE AND NATURAL ATTENUATION RESEARCH SITE NEAR BEMIDJI, MINNESOTA

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol Lynn Beaver ◽  
◽  
Estella A. Atekwana ◽  
Dimitrios Ntarlagiannis ◽  
Lee Slater ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Susceptibility ◽  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Natural Attenuation ◽  
Research Site ◽  
Crude Oil Spill

scholarly journals Natural Attenuation of Mn(II) in Metal Refinery Wastewater: Microbial Community Structure Analysis and Isolation of a New Mn(II)-Oxidizing Bacterium Pseudomonas sp. SK3

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santisak Kitjanukit ◽  
Kyohei Takamatsu ◽  
Naoko Okibe
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Structure Analysis ◽  
Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Natural Attenuation ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Pseudomonas Sp ◽  
Refinery Wastewater ◽  
Pipe Surface

Natural attenuation of Mn(II) was observed inside the metal refinery wastewater pipeline, accompanying dark brown-colored mineralization (mostly MnIVO2 with some MnIII2O3 and Fe2O3) on the inner pipe surface. The Mn-deposit hosted the bacterial community comprised of Hyphomicrobium sp. (22.1%), Magnetospirillum sp. (3.2%), Geobacter sp. (0.3%), Bacillus sp. (0.18%), Pseudomonas sp. (0.03%), and non-metal-metabolizing bacteria (74.2%). Culture enrichment of the Mn-deposit led to the isolation of a new heterotrophic Mn(II)-oxidizer Pseudomonas sp. SK3, with its closest relative Ps. resinovorans (with 98.4% 16S rRNA gene sequence identity), which was previously unknown as an Mn(II)-oxidizer. Oxidation of up to 100 mg/L Mn(II) was readily initiated and completed by isolate SK3, even in the presence of high contents of MgSO4 (a typical solute in metal refinery wastewaters). Additional Cu(II) facilitated Mn(II) oxidation by isolate SK3 (implying the involvement of multicopper oxidase enzyme), allowing a 2-fold greater Mn removal rate, compared to the well-studied Mn(II)-oxidizer Ps. putida MnB1. Poorly crystalline biogenic birnessite was formed by isolate SK3 via one-electron transfer oxidation, gradually raising the Mn AOS (average oxidation state) to 3.80 in 72 h. Together with its efficient in vitro Mn(II) oxidation behavior, a high Mn AOS level of 3.75 was observed with the pipeline Mn-deposit sample collected in situ. The overall results, including the microbial community structure analysis of the pipeline sample, suggest that the natural Mn(II) attenuation phenomenon was characterized by robust in situ activity of Mn(II) oxidizers (including strain SK3) for continuous generation of Mn(IV). This likely synergistically facilitated chemical Mn(II)/Mn(IV) synproportionation for effective Mn removal in the complex ecosystem established in this artificial pipeline structure. The potential utility of isolate SK3 is illustrated for further industrial application in metal refinery wastewater treatment processes.

Progression of natural attenuation processes at a crude oil spill site: II. Controls on spatial distribution of microbial populations

2001 ◽  
Vol 53 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 387-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara A. Bekins ◽  
Isabelle M. Cozzarelli ◽  
E.Michael Godsy ◽  
Ean Warren ◽  
Hedeff I. Essaid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Natural Attenuation ◽  
Microbial Populations ◽  
Spill Site ◽  
Crude Oil Spill

scholarly journals Common Hydraulic Fracturing Fluid Additives Alter the Structure and Function of Anaerobic Microbial Communities

2018 ◽  
Vol 84 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam C. Mumford ◽  
Denise M. Akob ◽  
J. Grace Klinges ◽  
Isabelle M. Cozzarelli
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Natural Attenuation ◽  
Iron Reduction ◽  
Guar Gum ◽  
Fracturing Fluid

ABSTRACTThe development of unconventional oil and gas (UOG) resources results in the production of large volumes of wastewater containing a complex mixture of hydraulic fracturing chemical additives and components from the formation. The release of these wastewaters into the environment poses potential risks that are poorly understood. Microbial communities in stream sediments form the base of the food chain and may serve as sentinels for changes in stream health. Iron-reducing organisms have been shown to play a role in the biodegradation of a wide range of organic compounds, and so to evaluate their response to UOG wastewater, we enriched anaerobic microbial communities from sediments collected upstream (background) and downstream (impacted) of an UOG wastewater injection disposal facility in the presence of hydraulic fracturing fluid (HFF) additives: guar gum, ethylene glycol, and two biocides, 2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA) and bronopol (C3H6BrNO4). Iron reduction was significantly inhibited early in the incubations with the addition of biocides, whereas amendment with guar gum and ethylene glycol stimulated iron reduction relative to levels in the unamended controls. Changes in the microbial community structure were observed across all treatments, indicating the potential for even small amounts of UOG wastewater components to influence natural microbial processes. The microbial community structure differed between enrichments with background and impacted sediments, suggesting that impacted sediments may have been preconditioned by exposure to wastewater. These experiments demonstrated the potential for biocides to significantly decrease iron reduction rates immediately following a spill and demonstrated how microbial communities previously exposed to UOG wastewater may be more resilient to additional spills.IMPORTANCEOrganic components of UOG wastewater can alter microbial communities and biogeochemical processes, which could alter the rates of essential natural attenuation processes. These findings provide new insights into microbial responses following a release of UOG wastewaters and are critical for identifying strategies for the remediation and natural attenuation of impacted environments.

Progression of natural attenuation processes at a crude-oil spill site

2001 ◽  
Vol 53 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 369-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle M Cozzarelli ◽  
Barbara A Bekins ◽  
Mary Jo Baedecker ◽  
George R Aiken ◽  
Robert P Eganhouse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Natural Attenuation ◽  
Spill Site ◽  
Crude Oil Spill

Field-scale observations of a transient geobattery resulting from natural attenuation of a crude oil spill

2017 ◽  
Vol 122 (4) ◽  
pp. 918-929 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Heenan ◽  
D. Ntarlagiannis ◽  
L. D. Slater ◽  
C. L. Beaver ◽  
S. Rossbach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Natural Attenuation ◽  
Field Scale ◽  
Crude Oil Spill

scholarly journals The Interactive Effects of Crude Oil and Corexit 9500 on Their Biodegradation in Arctic Seawater

2020 ◽  
Vol 86 (21) ◽  
Author(s):  
Taylor R. Gofstein ◽  
Matthew Perkins ◽  
Jennifer Field ◽  
Mary Beth Leigh
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Corexit 9500 ◽  
Span 80 ◽  
Over Time

ABSTRACT The risk of petroleum spills coupled with the potential application of chemical dispersants as a spill response strategy necessitates further understanding of the fate of oil and dispersants and their interactive effects during biodegradation. Using Arctic seawater mesocosms amended with either crude oil, Corexit 9500, or both together, we quantified the chemical losses of crude oil and Corexit 9500 and identified microbial taxa implicated in their biodegradation based on shifts in the microbial community structure over a 30-day time course. Chemical analyses included total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH), n-alkanes, branched alkanes, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) for oil loss and the surfactant components dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate (DOSS), Span 80, Tween 80, Tween 85, and the DOSS metabolite ethylhexyl sulfosuccinate (EHSS) for Corexit loss. Changes to the microbial communities and identification of key taxa were determined by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. The nonionic surfactants of Corexit 9500 (Span 80 and Tweens 80 and 85) biodegraded rapidly, dropping to below the limits of detection within 5 days and prior to any detectable initiation of oil biodegradation. This resulted in no observable suppression of petroleum biodegradation in the presence of Corexit compared to that of oil alone. In contrast, biodegradation of DOSS was delayed in the presence of oil, based on the prolonged presence of DOSS and accumulation of the degradation intermediate EHSS that did not occur in the absence of oil. Microbial analyses revealed that oil and Corexit enriched different overall microbial communities, with the presence of both resulting in a community composition that shifted from one more similar to that of Corexit only to one reflecting the oil-only community over time, in parallel with the degradation of predominantly Corexit and then oil components. Some microbial taxa (Oleispira, Pseudofulvibacter, and Roseobacter) responded to either oil or Corexit, suggesting that some organisms may be capable of utilizing both substrates. Together, these findings reveal interactive effects of crude oil and Corexit 9500 on chemical losses and microbial communities as they biodegrade, providing further insight into their fate when copresent in the environment. IMPORTANCE Chemical dispersants such as Corexit 9500 are commonly used in oil spill response and are currently under consideration for use in the Arctic, where their fate and effects have not been well studied. This research was performed to determine the interactive effects of the copresence of crude oil and Corexit 9500 on the degradation of components from each mixture and the associated microbial community structure over time in Arctic seawater. These findings will help yield a better understanding of the biodegradability of dispersant components applied to an oil spill, the temporal microbial community response to dispersed oil, and the fundamental microbial ecology of organic contaminant biodegradation processes in the Arctic marine environment.

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