Comparison of Nasalance Scores Obtained with the Nasometer 6200 and the Nasometer II 6400

2005 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 574-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Watterson ◽  
Kerry Lewis ◽  
Tami Brancamp
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Performance Variability ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
One Machine ◽  
Subject Performance ◽  
Normal Speech

Objective This study was designed to compare nasalance scores obtained with the old Nasometer 6200 and the new Nasometer II 6400, and to evaluate test-retest reliability of nasalance scores on each machine. Design Nasalance scores were obtained for 60 subjects reading each of two stimuli. Each subject read each stimulus two times on one machine; the headgear was removed and replaced and each stimulus was read a third time. The same procedure was then repeated with the second machine. Within machines, nasalance scores were compared for repeated stimuli with and without headgear change. The first reading of each stimulus with each machine was used to compare nasalance scores across machines. Participants The subjects were 60 adults with normal speech ranging in age from 19 to 59 years. Main Outcome Measures The main outcome measures were the 12 nasalance scores obtained for each of 60 subjects. Results For both passages, there was a significant difference in nasalance scores between the old Nasometer and the Nasometer II; however, the actual variability that could be attributed to a difference between machines was small. Most of the variability between machines could be explained as within-subject performance variability and variability associated with headgear change. There was no significant difference in repeated scores within machines with or without headgear change. Conclusions For clinical purposes, care should be exercised when comparing nasalance scores between the old Nasometer and the Nasometer II.

Comparison of Nasalance Scores Obtained with the Nasometer, the NasalView, and the OroNasal System

2005 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 423-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Bressmann
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Normal Speech

Objective To compare nasalance scores obtained with the Nasometer, the NasalView, and the OroNasal System; evaluate test-retest reliability of the three systems; and explore whether three common text passages used for nasalance analysis could be shortened to a sentence each. Subjects Seventy-six adults with normal speech and hearing (mean age 26.5 years). Procedures Subjects read the complete Zoo Passage, Rainbow Passage, and Nasal Sentences. Main Outcome Measures Mean nasalance magnitudes and mean nasalance distances were obtained with the three devices. Results The Nasometer had the lowest nasalance scores for the nonnasal Zoo Passage. The NasalView had the highest nasalance scores for the phonetically balanced Rainbow Passage. The OroNasal System had the lowest nasalance scores for the Nasal Sentences. The nasalance distance was largest for the Nasometer and smallest for the OroNasal System. Over 90% of the recordings were within 4% to 6% nasalance for most materials recorded with the Nasometer and the NasalView and within 7% to 9% for materials recorded with the OroNasal System. There were significant differences between the complete Zoo Passage and the Nasal Sentences and the individual sentences from these passages for the Nasometer and the OroNasal System. Conclusions The three systems measure nasalance in different ways and provide nasalance scores that are not interchangeable. Test-retest variability for the Nasometer and the NasalView may be higher than previously reported. Individual sentences from the Zoo Passage and the Nasal Sentences do not provide nasalance scores that are equivalent to the complete passages.

scholarly journals The Development of a Paediatric Phoneme Discrimination Test for Arabic Phonemic Contrasts

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-166
Author(s):  
Hanin Rayes ◽  
Ghada Al-Malky ◽  
Deborah Vickers
Keyword(s):  
Closed Set ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Response Options ◽  
Phoneme Discrimination ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Age Appropriate ◽  
Hearing Children ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Arabic Speaking

Objective: The aim of this project was to develop the Arabic CAPT (A-CAPT), a Standard Arabic version of the CHEAR auditory perception test (CAPT) that assesses consonant perception ability in children. Method: This closed-set test was evaluated with normal-hearing children aged 5 to 11 years. Development and validation of the speech materials were accomplished in two experimental phases. Twenty-six children participated in phase I, where the test materials were piloted to ensure that the selected words were age appropriate and that the form of Arabic used was familiar to the children. Sixteen children participated in phase II where test–retest reliability, age effects, and critical differences were measured. A computerized implementation was used to present stimuli and collect responses. Children selected one of four response options displayed on a screen for each trial. Results: Two lists of 32 words were developed with two levels of difficulty, easy and hard. Assessment of test–retest reliability for the final version of the lists showed a strong agreement. A within-subject ANOVA showed no significant difference between test and retest sessions. Performance improved with increasing age. Critical difference values were similar to the British English version of the CAPT. Conclusions: The A-CAPT is an appropriate speech perception test for assessing Arabic-speaking children as young as 5 years old. This test can reliably assess consonant perception ability and monitor changes over time or after an intervention.

Validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Patient Dignity Inventory

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Yasemin Eskigülek ◽  
Sultan Kav
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Turkish Version ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Fit Index ◽  
Turkish Society

Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the validity and reliability of the Patient Dignity Inventory (PDI) in the Turkish society, which was developed to evaluate dignity-related distress in palliative care patients. Methods One hundred and twenty-seven adults with advanced cancer hospitalized in several clinics of two university hospitals were included in the study. The patients whose Palliative Performance Scale score was at least 40% were recruited to study. The data were collected with a patient demographic form, the Turkish version of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-TR), and the Turkish version of the PDI (PDI-TR). The PDI-TR was finalized and back-translated after translating into Turkish and obtaining 10 expert opinions. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, internal consistency, concurrent validity, and test–retest reliability analysis were performed. Results The Cronbach's α coefficient of PDI-TR was 0.94. Factor analysis resulted in a five-factor solution, and all items were loaded on factors. Factors were labeled as symptom distress, existential distress, self-confidence, dependency, and supportive care needs and accounted for 68.70% of the overall variance. The model's normed fit index, comparative fit index, and X2/SD were found between acceptable range (0.90, 0.93, and 2.64, respectively). A positive and strong correlation was found between subdimension scores of HADS-TR and the total score of PDI-TR (r = 0.70 for anxiety subdimension; r = 0.73 for depression subdimension). The test–retest reliability was conducted with 32 patients within the sample two weeks after the first application, and no significant difference was found between the two application scores as the result of paired-sample t-test (p > 0.05). An intraclass correlation coefficient of test–retest reliability was r = 0.855. Significance of results PDI-TR was found to be a valid and reliable tool in palliative care patients in Turkish society.

scholarly journals Computerized Symbol Digit Modalities Test in a Swiss Pediatric Cohort Part 1: Validation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Céline Hochstrasser ◽  
Sarah Rieder ◽  
Ursina Jufer-Riedi ◽  
Marie-Noëlle Klein ◽  
Anthony Feinstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Reliability ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Reliable Change Index ◽  
Information Processing Speed ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Norm Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
The University ◽  
Mean Time

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to validate the computerized Symbol Digit Modalities Test (c-SDMT) in a Swiss pediatric cohort, in comparing the Swiss sample to the Canadian norms. Secondly, we evaluated sex effects, age-effects, and test–retest reliability of the c-SDMT in comparison to values obtained for the paper and pencil version of the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT).MethodsThis longitudinal observational study was conducted in a single-center setting at the University Children’s Hospital of Bern. Our cohort consisted of 86 children (45 male and 41 female) aged from 8 to 16 years. The cohort included both healthy participants (n = 38) and patients (n = 48) hospitalized for a non-neurological disease. Forty eight participants were assessed during two testing sessions with the SDMT and the c-SDMT.ResultsTest–retest reliability was high in both tests (SDMT: ICC = 0.89, c-SDMT: ICC = 0.90). A reliable change index was calculated for the SDMT (RCIp = −3.18, 14.01) and the c-SDMT (RCIp = −5.45, 1.46) corrected for practice effects. While a significant age effect on information processing speed was observed, no such effect was found for sex. When data on the c-SDMT performance of the Swiss cohort was compared with that from a Canadian cohort, no significant difference was found for the mean time per trial in any age group. Norm values for age groups between 8 and 16 years in the Swiss cohort were established.ConclusionNorms for the c-SDMT between the Swiss and the Canadian cohort were comparable. The c-SDMT is a valid alternative to the SDMT. It is a feasible and easy to administer bedside tool due to high reliability and the lack of motor demands.

scholarly journals Measuring the occupational balance of people with insomnia in a Chinese population: Preliminary psychometric evidence on the Chinese version of the Occupational Balance Questionnaire

2020 ◽  
pp. 156918612094453
Author(s):  
Eris CM Ho ◽  
Mona Dür ◽  
Tanja Stamm ◽  
Andrew MH Siu
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Chinese Version ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Insomnia Severity

Background Occupational balance, a fundamental concept in occupational therapy, is the arrangement of right amount and variety of occupations contributes to a person’s health and well-being. This study was aimed to investigate the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Occupational Balance Questionnaire (OB-Quest) for people with insomnia. Methods The OB-Quest was translated into traditional Chinese and reviewed by an expert panel for content validity, cultural relevance and translation accuracy. Internal consistency, factor analysis and convergent validity, as well as test–retest reliability, were explored. Results The participants (n = 205), 115 adults with insomnia and 90 adults without insomnia, completed a survey of demographic background, the Chinese version of OB-Quest and the Chinese Insomnia Severity Index (C-ISI). The Chinese version of OB-Quest demonstrated excellent test–retest reliability (ICC= 0.98) and good internal consistency (Cronbach’s α  =  0.80). Factor analysis indicated that a single-factor solution explained 42% of the variance, and 9 out of 10 items had a factor loading of 0.4 or above. The Chinese version of OB-Quest had significant correlations with C-ISI (r = –0.88; p < 0.001). A significant difference was found in occupational balance between groups with different levels of insomnia severity and without insomnia (F = 169.72; p < 0.001). As in a previous study, age, living environment and life role had no significant relationship with occupational balance. Conclusion The Chinese version of OB-Quest is a short, easy to understand and culturally relevant assessment for Chinese. It demonstrates satisfactory psychometric properties and had significant correlations with insomnia.

scholarly journals Comparison of two different optical coherence tomography angiography devices in detecting healthy versus glaucomatous eyes – an observational cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Kee ◽  
V. C. H. Yip ◽  
E. L. T. Tay ◽  
C. W. Lim ◽  
J. Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Optic Disc ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Swept Source ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Abstract Background To understand the differences between two different optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) devices in detecting glaucomatous from healthy eyes by comparing their vascular parameters, diagnostic accuracy and test-retest reliability. Methods A cross-sectional observational study was performed on healthy and glaucoma subjects, on whom two sets of OCTA images of optic disc and macula were acquired using both AngioVue (Optovue, USA) and Swept Source (Topcon, Japan) OCTA devices during one visit. A novel in-house software was used to calculate the vessel densities. Diagnostic accuracy of the machines in differentiating healthy versus glaucomatous eyes was determined using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) and test-retest repeatability of the machines was also evaluated. Results A total of 80 healthy and 38 glaucomatous eyes were evaluated. Glaucomatous eyes had reduced mean vessel density compared to healthy controls in all segmented layers of the optic disc and macula using AngioVue (p ≤ 0.001). However, glaucomatous eyes had higher mean vessel density on optic disc scans using Swept Source, with lack of statistically significant difference between healthy and glaucomatous eyes. The AUROC showed better diagnostic accuracy of AngioVue (0.761–1.000) compared to Swept Source (0.113–0.644). The test-retest reliability indices were generally better using AngioVue than Swept Source. Conclusions AngioVue showed better diagnostic capability and test-retest reliability compared to Swept Source. Further studies need to be undertaken to evaluate if there is any significant difference between the various machines in diagnosing and monitoring glaucoma.

scholarly journals Expressive language sampling as a source of outcome measures for treatment studies in fragile X syndrome: feasibility, practice effects, test-retest reliability, and construct validity

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard Abbeduto ◽  
Elizabeth Berry-Kravis ◽  
Audra Sterling ◽  
Stephanie Sherman ◽  
Jamie O. Edgin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Fragile X ◽  
Expressive Language ◽  
Practice Effects ◽  
Full Sample ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Language Sampling ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Abstract Background The evaluation of treatment efficacy for individuals with fragile X syndrome (FXS) or intellectual disability (ID) more generally has been hampered by the lack of adequate outcome measures. We evaluated expressive language sampling (ELS) as a procedure for generating outcome measures for treatment research in FXS. We addressed: (a) feasibility, (b) practice effects over two administrations, (c) test-retest reliability over the repeated administrations, and (d) construct validity. We addressed these issues for the full sample as well as for subgroups defined by age, IQ, and ASD status. Methods Participants were 106 individuals with FXS between ages 6 and 23 years who had IQs within the range of intellectual disability (IQ < 70). ELS procedures for collecting samples in conversation and narration were followed and analyzed separately. Five measures were derived from transcripts segmented into C-units (i.e., an independent clause and its modifiers): number of C-units per minute (talkativeness), number of different word roots (vocabulary), C-unit length in morphemes (syntax), percentage of C-units containing dysfluency (utterance planning), and percentage of C-units that were fully or partly unintelligible (articulatory quality). ELS procedures were administered twice at 4-week intervals for each participant. Standardized tests and informant reports were administered and provided measures for evaluating construct validity of ELS measures. Results We found low rates of noncompliance, suggesting the task can be completed meaningfully by most individuals with FXS, although noncompliance was higher for younger, lower IQ, and more autistic participants. Minimal practice effects and strong test-retest reliability over the 4-week interval were observed for the full sample and across the range of ages, IQs, and autism symptom severity. Evidence of convergent construct validity was observed for the measures of vocabulary, syntax, and unintelligibility for the full sample and across the range of IQ and autism symptom severity, but not for participants under age 12. Conversation and narration yielded largely similar results in all analyses. Conclusions The findings suggest that the ELS procedures are feasible and yield measures with adequate psychometric properties for a majority of 6 to 23 years with FXS who have ID. The procedures work equally well regardless of level of ID or degree of ASD severity. The procedures, however, are more challenging and have somewhat less adequate psychometric properties for individuals with FXS under age 12.

scholarly journals The Development and Psychometric Properties of the Visuospatial Working Memory Assessment (VWMA) for Children

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Thitiya Wangkawan ◽  
Cynthia Lai ◽  
Peeraya Munkhetvit ◽  
Trevor Yung ◽  
Supaporn Chinchai
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Adhd Group ◽  
Visuospatial Working Memory ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Memory Assessment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

The visuospatial working memory plays a crucial role in the occupational performance of children including daily living and academic achievement. Unfortunately, relevant visuospatial working memory tests in the occupational therapy setting are lacking. Therefore, it is of clinical interest to develop new assessment tools in this area. The present study is aimed at summarizing the development of the visuospatial working memory assessment (VWMA) and assessing its psychometric properties. The results revealed that the score of item-objective congruence index (IOC) was 1.0 in overall items of assessment. The Cronbach alpha test confirmed that the internal consistency of VWMA showed good reliability in both types of the assessment, with the total score of computerized tests being .88 and the tabletop tests being .81. The computerized test was found to have excellent test-retest reliability with intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) values ranging from .88 to .99. The tabletop test was found to have a fair to good test-retest reliability with the ICC values ranging from .51 to .63. As regards construct validity, the results revealed that the tasks in the computerized test identified a significant difference between the control group, normal children, and children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) group. The exception to this was the N-back task in which the independent sample t-test of computerized test ranged from 1.61 to 6.23. The results of the tabletop test revealed a significant difference between normal children and the children in the ADHD group over all tasks in which the independent sample t-test ranged from 3.05 to 8.40. In conclusion, good psychometric properties established as regards content validity, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and construct validity provide evidence to support the position that the new VWMA is appropriate for children.

scholarly journals Reliability Measure of a Clinical Test: Appreciation of Music in Cochlear Implantees (AMICI)

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 969-979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min-Yu Cheng ◽  
Jaclyn B. Spitzer ◽  
Valeriy Shafiro ◽  
Stanley Sheft ◽  
Dean Mancuso
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Music Perception ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Clinical Test ◽  
Closed Set ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Open Set ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Purpose: The goals of this study were (1) to investigate the reliability of a clinical music perception test, Appreciation of Music in Cochlear Implantees (AMICI), and (2) examine associations between the perception of music and speech. AMICI was developed as a clinical instrument for assessing music perception in persons with cochlear implants (CIs). The test consists of four subtests: (1) music versus environmental noise discrimination, (2) musical instrument identification (closed-set), (3) musical style identification (closed-set), and (4) identification of musical pieces (open-set). To be clinically useful, it is crucial for AMICI to demonstrate high test-retest reliability, so that CI users can be assessed and retested after changes in maps or programming strategies. Research Design: Thirteen CI subjects were tested with AMICI for the initial visit and retested again 10–14 days later. Two speech perception tests (consonant-nucleus-consonant [CNC] and Bamford-Kowal-Bench Speech-in-Noise [BKB-SIN]) were also administered. Data Analysis: Test-retest reliability and equivalence of the test's three forms were analyzed using paired t-tests and correlation coefficients, respectively. Correlation analysis was also conducted between results from the music and speech perception tests. Results: Results showed no significant difference between test and retest (p > 0.05) with adequate power (0.9) as well as high correlations between the three forms (Forms A and B, r = 0.91; Forms A and C, r = 0.91; Forms B and C, r = 0.95). Correlation analysis showed high correlation between AMICI and BKB-SIN (r = −0.71), and moderate correlation between AMICI and CNC (r = 0.4). Conclusions: The study showed AMICI is highly reliable for assessing musical perception in CI users.

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