Craniofacial Morphology of Dutch Patients with Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate and Noncleft Controls at the Age of 15 Years

2008 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 661-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geer M. van den Dungen ◽  
Edwin M. Ongkosuwito ◽  
Irene H. A. Aartman ◽  
Birte Prahl-Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Craniofacial Morphology ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bilateral Cleft Lip

Objective: Comparison of craniofacial morphology in bilateral cleft lip and palate patients to that of a noncleft control group at the age of 15 years. Design: A cross-sectional study of cephalometric data. Subjects and Methods: Cephalometric records of 41 consecutive patients (32 boys and 9 girls) with nonsyndromic complete bilateral cleft lip and palate born between 1973 and 1987. The patients were treated by the cleft teams of the Erasmus Medical Centre in Rotterdam and the VU University Amsterdam. The control group of normal Dutch subjects was followed in the Nijmegen Growth Study. From this population, mean cephalometric data were used. Differences in cephalometric measurements and other variables were calculated between the bilateral cleft lip and palate group and the control group. Results: Independent-sample t tests indicated that there was a statistically significant difference between the mean of the cephalometric values of the bilateral cleft lip and palate patients and the control group with respect to all cephalometric variables. Pearson correlation coefficients calculated between angle ANB and the number of operators, number of surgical procedures before 15 years of age, and the year of birth were not significant. Conclusions: Bilateral cleft lip and palate patients treated in the Amsterdam and Rotterdam cleft centers differed significantly from the control group in all measurements. A Class III development due to a less forward positioned maxilla was observed. The vertical measurements indicated a more divergent growth pattern in bilateral cleft lip and palate patients (Ans-Me/N-Me, GoGn-SN, and SN-FFH).

scholarly journals Development of cleft children’s permanent canines

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoel Itaguacy Leite NOVAIS JUNIOR ◽  
Manuella Santos Carneiro ALMEIDA ◽  
Camila Helena Machado da COSTA ◽  
Tassia Cristina de Almeida Pinto SARMENTO ◽  
Luis Ferreira de SOUSA FILHO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Tooth Development ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Age Difference ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Panoramic Radiographs ◽  
Significant Difference

ABSTRACT Objective: Evaluating the development of the permanent cuspids in children from Paraíba with cleft lip and palate applying the Nolla and the Demirjian methods. Methods: A cross-sectional study using an inductive approach and applying a comparative statistical procedure and direct documentation research technique. The universe of the study consisted of children assisted at the orthodontic practice of the Brazilian Association of Dentistry - Paraíba Section. The sample comprised 72 pairs of panoramic radiographs of children with and without cleft lip and palate from the same gender and, age difference of up to 30 days, ranging from 5 to 13 years of age. The study has evaluated the development of 576 cuspids. The images were evaluated by three duly calibrated examiners concomitantly, and the calcification stages were determined by a consensus. The stages of the cuspids calcification were evaluated in the panoramic radiographs according to Nolla and Demirjian classifications. Results: The average of the calcification stage of teeth was correspondingly higher in the control group than in the case group, showing a development delay of the cuspid teeth in the cleft lip and palate patients. The lower cuspids were significantly more developed than the upper cuspids (p <0.001). There were no significant differences between the sides. There was early tooth development in females but without significant difference. Conclusion: It was possible to note that patients with cleft lip and palate presented a delay in the development of the permanent cuspids when compared to non-cleft lip and palate patients, thus, reinforcing the importance of the individualization of the orthodontic planning.

Tomographic Pharyngeal Dimensions in Individuals with Unilateral Cleft Lip/Palate and Class III Malocclusion are Reduced When Compared with Controls

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 502-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trindade-Suedam Ivy Kiemle ◽  
Freire Lima Thiago ◽  
Dominguez Campos Letícia ◽  
Faria Yaedú Renato Yassutaka ◽  
Filho Hugo Nary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Craniofacial Anomalies ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Class Iii Malocclusion ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cleft Lip Palate

Objective The objective of this study was to three-dimensionally evaluate the pharyngeal dimensions of individuals with complete nonsyndromic unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) using cone beam computed tomography. Design This was a cross-sectional prospective study. Setting The study took place at the Laboratory of Physiology, Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of São Paulo, Bauru-SP, Brazil. Patients and Participants The control group (CON) consisted of 23 noncleft adults with class III malocclusion, and the cleft group (UCLP) consisted of 22 individuals with UCLP and class III malocclusion. Two subgroups of individuals with class III malocclusion as a result of maxillary retrusion with (UCLP'; n = 19) and without (CON'; n = 8) clefts were also assessed. Interventions Pharyngeal volume, pharyngeal minimal cross-sectional area (CSA), location of CSA, pharyngeal length, sella-nasion-A point angle (SNA), sella-nasion-B point angle (SNB), and A point-nasion-B point angle (ANB), and body mass index were assessed using Dolphin software. Main Outcome Measure The pharyngeal dimensions of UCLP individuals are smaller when compared with controls. Results Mean pharyngeal volume (standard deviation) for the UCLP patients (20.8 [3.9] cm3) and the UCLP’ patients (20.3 [3.9] cm3) were significantly decreased when compared with the CON (28.2 [10.0] cm3) and CON’ patients (29.1 [10.2] cm3), respectively. No differences were found in the pharyngeal minimal CSA, ANB, or pharyngeal length values between groups (CON versus UCLP and CON’ versus UCLP'). CSAs were located mostly at the oropharynx, except in the UCLP’ patients, which were mainly at the hypopharynx. Mean SNA in the UCLP (76.4° [4.6°]) and UCLP’ groups (75.1 [3.1°]) were significantly smaller than those in the CON (82.8° [4.1°]) and CON’ groups (78.6° [1.2°]). SNB values were statistically smaller only for the comparison of CON versus UCLP patients. Conclusion The pharynx of individuals with UCLP and class III malocclusion is volumetrically smaller than that of individuals with class III malocclusion and no clefts.

3D Assessment of Nasolabial Appearance in Patients With Complete Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ieva Bagante ◽  
Inta Zepa ◽  
Ilze Akota
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Difference

Objective: Rhinoplasty in patients with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) is challenging, and the surgical outcome of the nose is complicated to evaluate. The aim of this study was to assess the nasolabial appearance of patients with UCLP compared with a control group. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Riga Cleft Lip and Palate Centre, Latvia. Participants: All consecutive 35 patients born between 1994 and 2004 with nonsyndromic complete UCLP were included. Of 35 patients, 29 came for checkup; the mean age was 14.7 years (range 10-18). In the control group, 35 noncleft participants at 10 years of age were included. Interventions: Nasolabial appearance was evaluated from 3-dimensional images using a 3-dimensional stereo-photogrammetric camera setup (3dMDface System), the results being analysed statistically. Results: In UCLP group, a statistically significant difference between cleft and noncleft side was found only in alar wing length ( P < .05). The difference of nasolabial anthropometric distances in the control group between the left and right side was not significant. The difference between the UCLP group and the control group was significant in all anthropometric distances except the lateral lip length to cupid’s bow. Conclusions: The nasolabial appearance with acceptable symmetry after cleft lip and reconstructive surgery of the nose was achieved. Symmetry of the nasolabial appearance in patients with UCLP differed from those in the control group. The 3D photographs with a proposed set of anthropometric landmarks for evaluation of nasolabial appearance seems to be a convenient, accurate, and noninvasive way to follow and evaluate patients after surgery.

Dental Age Estimation According to European Formula and Willems Method: Comparison Between Children With and Without Cleft Lip and Palate

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 612-618
Author(s):  
Evgenija Markovic ◽  
Nemanja Marinkovic ◽  
Ksenija Zelic ◽  
Petar Milovanovic ◽  
Marija Djuric ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Estimation ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dental Age ◽  
Dental Age Estimation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Willems Method

Objective: To assess dental age and deviations of dental from chronological age according to the Willems and Cameriere methods (European formula) in patients with cleft lip and/or cleft palate (CL/P) and compare it with control group. Design: Retrospective cross-sectional study. Setting: Clinic of Orthodontics. Participants: Sixty-nine patients with CL/P between 6 and 15 years of age (55 with unilateral and 14 with bilateral CL/P) with 148 panoramic radiographs. The same number of radiographs was examined in the age-matched control group. Main Outcome Measures: Estimation and comparison of dental age and differences of dental from chronological age in relation to the type of cleft, sex, and age in the group of patients with and without CL/P according to Willems and Cameriere method. Results: No significant intersex and intergroup differences were found in deviations of dental from chronological age according to Cameriere method ( P > .05). Significant difference in deviation of dental from chronological age was found between the patients with and without CL/P according to Willems method ( P < .001). Conclusion: Cameriere European formula for dental age estimation, which is not influenced by sex and tooth morphology, showed similar dental development of children with and without CL/P. However, Willems method detected that deviation of dental from chronological age significantly differed between children with and without clefts.

P-A Cephalometric Analysis of Nonoperated Adult Cleft Lip and Palate

1994 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuyoshi Motohashi ◽  
Takayuki Kuroda ◽  
Leopoldino Capelozza Filho ◽  
José Alberto De Souza Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Craniofacial Morphology ◽  
Cephalometric Analysis ◽  
Facial Morphology ◽  
Facial Deformity ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bilateral Cleft Lip ◽  
The Comparative Study

P-A cephalometric analysis was performed on the craniofacial morphology in 88 Brazilian men with nonoperated and operated cleft lip and palate. For the comparative study, these subjects were divided into the following four groups: (1) 31 nonoperated unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP), (2) 24 nonoperated bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP), (3) 16 operated UCLP, (4) 17 operated BCLP. Thirty Brazilian men without cleft lip and palate were used as control subjects. In comparison with the control subjects, nonoperated BCLP and UCLP showed remarkable facial deformity characterized by Increased width of various facial parts. Facial morphology of surgically treated BCLP and UCLP, however, was very similar to that of noncleft subjects, apart from the Immediate cleft region. There was no remarkable difference in the facial morphology between nonoperated BCLP and UCLP, except for the cleft width and the deviation of nasal septum base, while the only significant difference between operated BCLP and UCLP was in the cleft width.

Oral Habits in Children With Orofacial Clefts: A Comparative Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 105566562096957
Author(s):  
Ikenna Gerald Isiekwe ◽  
Taofeek Olalekan Ligali ◽  
Mohammed Adam Sheikh Abdullahi ◽  
Wasiu Lanre Adeyemo
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Institutional Review Boards ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Orofacial Clefts ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Oral Habits ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Significant Difference

Background and Aim: Children with cleft lip and palate present with a wide range of dental and occlusal anomalies as a result of the cleft defect. These patients also present with oral habits which may affect their quality of life. The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of oral habits in these children, with children without orofacial clefts. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional comparative study comparing children with repaired cleft lip and/or palate aged 3 to 12 years, with children without orofacial clefts. Ethical approval for the study was obtained from the institutional review boards of both centers. Data collection was via interviewer administered questionnaires given to the parents/guardians of the children in each group. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS version 23. The level of significance was set at P < .05. Results: A total of 107 respondents participated in the study, comprising 53 children with repaired cleft lip and/or palate 54 children without orofacial clefts. The mean age for the children with Cleft lip and/or palate/ was 6.81 (standard deviation [SD] 1.898) years, while that for the control group was 7.78 (SD 1.68) years. Two oral habits recorded a significantly higher prevalence ( P < .05) in the children with repaired clefts as compared to controls and these were lip sucking and bruxism. No significant difference in prevalence was recorded for all the other oral habits surveyed. Conclusion: A significantly higher prevalence ( P < .05) was observed in lip sucking and bruxism among children with cleft lip and palate, as compared to the children without orofacial clefts.

Comparison of Transverse Craniofacial Dimensions Between Growing Individuals With Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate and Age-and Sex-Matched Noncleft Controls

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 1308-1313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hande Gorucu-Coskuner ◽  
Ezgi Atik ◽  
Bengisu Akarsu-Guven ◽  
Muge Aksu
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Mandibular Molar ◽  
Maxillary Molar ◽  
Width Measurements ◽  
Age And Sex

Objective: The study aimed to assess the transverse craniofacial dimensions of patients (age, 7-14 years) with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP), compare these dimensions with those of noncleft individuals, and identify the correlations between the nasal and maxillary transverse widths of patients with UCLP. Design: A cross-sectional study. Participants: Eighty patients operated on for complete UCLP (UCLP group; 35 girls, 45 boys; median age: 10.7 [7.9-14] years) and 80 age- and sex-matched noncleft individuals (control group; 35 girls, 45 boys; median age: 10.7 [7.3-14] years). Interventions: Interorbital, bizygomatic, nasal, maxillary skeletal, maxillary molar, mandibular molar, and antegonial width measurements were performed using posteroanterior cephalometric radiographs. Intergroup comparisons were conducted by using the independent samples t-test and Mann-Whitney U test. Correlation between the variables was examined using Pearson correlation analysis. Results: The bizygomatic, maxillary skeletal and molar, mandibular molar, and antegonial widths in the UCLP group were significantly less than those in the control group ( P < .05). A positive correlation was found between the maxillary skeletal and nasal widths ( r = 0.550, P < .001) and between the maxillary molar and nasal widths ( r = 0.560, P < .001). Conclusions: In individuals with UCLP, the bizygomatic, maxillary skeletal and molar, mandibular molar, and antegonial widths were significantly less than those in noncleft individuals. As the maxillary skeletal and dental widths presented a positive correlation with the nasal width, a decrease in nasal width must be considered when maxillary constriction is noted.

Early Assessment of Dental Arch Development in Repaired Unilateral Cleft Lip and Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate versus Controls

2005 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Garrahy ◽  
Declan T. Millett ◽  
Ashraf F. Ayoub
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dental Arch ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Early Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mandibular Arch ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Maxillary Arch

Objective To evaluate dental arch relationships and dimensions, relative to an age matched noncleft sample, in Caucasian 3-year-old children with repaired unilateral cleft lip (UCL) or unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP). Design Prospective, cross-sectional, case-control study performed in Scotland, U.K. Participants Eleven children with repaired unilateral cleft lip, 16 children with repaired unilateral cleft lip and palate, and 78 children as controls. Main Outcome Measures Dental arch relationships and linear arch dimensions. Results Prevalence of Class III incisor relationship was 31.3% in children with unilateral cleft lip and palate compared with 9.1% in children with unilateral cleft lip. A buccal crossbite was present in 36% of children with unilateral cleft lip, compared with 75.6% of children with unilateral cleft lip and palate. Mean linear maxillary arch dimensions did not differ significantly between children with unilateral cleft lip and the controls. Except for second intermolar width, statistically significant differences existed in mean linear maxillary arch dimensions between the unilateral cleft lip and the unilateral cleft lip and palate groups; the mean linear maxillary arch dimensions were significantly greater in the control group than in the unilateral cleft lip and palate group. The mean cleft-affected anterior quadrant length appeared to be the arch dimension with the greatest power of discrimination among the three groups. There were no significant differences in mean linear mandibular arch dimensions among the three groups. Conclusions Anterior crossbite was almost three times more common in the unilateral cleft lip and palate group than in the unilateral cleft lip group. Mean linear maxillary arch dimensions differed significantly between the unilateral cleft lip and palate group and the control group. There were no significant differences in mean linear maxillary arch dimensions between unilateral cleft lip and controls or between mean linear mandibular arch dimensions for unilateral cleft lip, unilateral cleft lip and palate, and controls.

Vertical Facial Skeletal Asymmetry and Occlusal Cant Relationship in Patients With Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate

2020 ◽  
pp. 105566562097457
Author(s):  
Bengisu Akarsu-Guven ◽  
Ezgi Atik ◽  
Hande Gorucu-Coskuner ◽  
Muge Aksu
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Facial Asymmetry ◽  
Cranial Base ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lower Face ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Angular Measurements ◽  
Cleft Lip Palate

Objective: To evaluate the maxillary and mandibular vertical skeletal asymmetries, and the correlation between these asymmetries and occlusal cant in patients with unilateral cleft lip–palate (UCLP). Methods: Anteroposterior radiographs of 25 patients with UCLP (UCLP group, mean age: 20.98 ± 4.88 years) and 25 subjects without cleft (control group, mean age: 19 ± 2.86 years) were included. Independent samples t test, Mann-Whitney U test and Pearson correlation analysis were performed based on linear and angular measurements. Results: Lower facial horizontal asymmetry did not show statistically significant difference between the UCLP and control groups. However, vertical asymmetry of (a) the lateral cranial base ( P = .014), (b) the nasomaxillary region ( P < .001), (c) the maxillary dentoalveolus ( P = .001), and (d) the lower face ( P = .038) were all found to be significantly greater in UCLP group. The occlusal cant angle was also significantly greater in patients with UCLP compared to the controls ( P = .016). While the occlusal cant angle was found to be correlated with the vertical asymmetry of the occlusal cant ( r = 0.931, P < .001), maxillary cant angle was found to be correlated with the vertical asymmetry of the maxillary dentoalveolus ( r = 0.655, P < .001). Conclusions: There was no correlation between the occlusal cant and the vertical and horizontal skeletal asymmetries. Vertical asymmetries of the lower face and the medial cranial base were negatively correlated with the horizontal lower facial asymmetry.

Photogrammetric Evaluation of Soft Tissue Profile and Frontal Photographs in Repaired Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 566-573
Author(s):  
Shabnam Ajami ◽  
Neda Babanouri ◽  
Roya Afshinpoor
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Soft Tissue Profile ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bilateral Cleft Lip

Objective: To evaluate the soft tissue profile and frontal photographs of 8- to 12-year-old patients with repaired complete bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP). Methods: The profile and frontal photographs obtained from 31 nonsyndromic BCLP children (aged 8-12 years: 14 boys and 17 girls) were analyzed and compared with an age- and sex-matched normal population (18 boys and 32 girls). In each patient, 12 soft tissue angular and proportional parameters on the frontal photograph and 12 angular parameters for the profile photographs were developed and measured. Student t test was used to compare the mean value of the parameters between both sexes. Results: In the frontal view, there was a significant difference between the 2 study groups in the facial symmetry angle ( P < .001), lower facial height proportion ( P < .001), upper lip proportion ( P < .001), and interalar width/distance between the inner canthus of the eyes ( P < .001). In the profile view, there was a significant difference between the control group and the patients with cleft lip and palate in terms of nasofrontal angle ( P < .001), nasal angle ( P < .001), angle of the inferior facial third ( P = .032), head position angle ( P < .001), facial convexity angle ( P < .001), total facial convexity angle ( P < .001), and vertical nasal angle ( P < .001). Conclusion: In comparison with the normal population, the face of patients with repaired BCLP showed several soft tissue deformities, especially in the nasofrontal region, even after a surgical repair.

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