Cranio-Orbito-Zygomatic Measurements from Standard CT Scans in Unoperated Crouzon and Apert Infants: Comparison with Normal Controls

1992 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Carr ◽  
Jeffrey C. Posnick ◽  
Gaylene Pron ◽  
Derek Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
Normal Population ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Apert Syndrome ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Wall Angle ◽  
Observer Error ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Orbital Wall ◽  
Facial Differences ◽  
Normal Controls

Cranio-orbito-zygomatic measurements taken from standard axial computed tomographic (CT) scans of unoperated patients with Crouzon syndrome (6 males, 14 females) and Apert syndrome (6 males, 10 females) under 1 year of age were compared to each other and to normal controls (40 males, 35 females). Fifteen cranio-orbito-zygomatic variables were measured and repeated. Means and standard deviations were computed for each sex, and means were pooled since they were not significantly different. Correlation coefficients for repeat measures (intra-observer error) of each variable showed good reproducibility. Only the lateral orbital wall angle differed between the syndromes (p = .034), suggesting that upper facial differences (as measured by these variables) do not manifest themselves at this young age. All measurements for both syndromes, except one, were outside the 95 percent confidence range for age-matched controls. Measurements taken from standard CT scans provide an objective comparison between specific syndromes and the normal population.

Cranio-Orbito-Zygomatic Measurements from Standard CT Scans in Unoperated Treacher Collins Syndrome Patients: Comparison with Normal Controls

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey C. Posnick ◽  
Mohammad M. Al-Qattan ◽  
Stephanie M. Moffat ◽  
Derek Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
Normal Values ◽  
Treacher Collins Syndrome ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Cohort Group ◽  
Orbital Wall ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Medial Orbital Wall ◽  
Orbital Rim ◽  
Normal Controls

Fourteen reproducible cranio-orbito-zygomatic measurements taken from 26 standard axial computed tomographic (CT) scans of unoperated individuals with symmetric forms of Treacher Collins syndrome (TCS) were compared to age-matched controls. The interorbital measurements of the TCS patients were at the mean when compared to their cohort group (medial and lateral orbital wall separation), while the zygomatic measurements were significantly less than normal confirming the extent of malar hypoplasia. The congenitally deficient lateral aspect of the orbits in TCS patients was confirmed by the greater than normal values measured for globe protrusion and medial orbital wall protrusion in conjunction with the diminished lateral orbital wall lengths, all of which use the lateral orbital rim as a reference point. The abnormal shape of the anterior cranial vault in patients with TCS was documented as a diminished intercoronal distance (width) and decreased cephalic length when compared to normal age-matched controls.

Computed Tomography in the Elderly: 1. the Normal Population

1980 ◽  
Vol 136 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin J. Jacoby ◽  
Raymond Levy ◽  
John M. Dawson
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Reciprocal Relationship ◽  
Cortical Atrophy ◽  
Global Rating ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Methodological Problems ◽  
Ct Data ◽  
Healthy Community

SummaryComputed tomographic (CT) and brief psychometric findings on 50 psychiatrically and neurologically healthy community residents over 60 years old are presented. The need for normative CT data is emphasized, and the methodological problems in obtaining them are discussed. Measures of ventricular size were generally found to be greater than those reported by other workers, and variation with age was also found to be less marked than hitherto reported. A reciprocal relationship was found between a global rating of cortical atrophy and a test of memory and orientation. This communication forms the basis for comparison with groups of psychiatric patients to be presented in subsequent articles.

Computed Tomographic Discography in the Evaluation of Extreme Lateral Disc Herniation

Neurosurgery ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 350-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Angtuaco Edgardo ◽  
C. Holder John ◽  
C. Boop Warren ◽  
F. Binet Eugene
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Contrast Enhancement ◽  
Thin Section ◽  
Preoperative Evaluation ◽  
Intervertebral Discs ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Disc Herniations ◽  
Lateral Disc Herniation

Abstract Thin section, high resolution computed tomographic (CT) scans of the lumbar spine produce images that can show herniated intervertebral discs without intravenous or intrathecal contrast enhancement. With this technique, the diagnosis of posterolateral and midline herniation has been greatly facilitated. This communication reports the use of CT discography in the preoperative evaluation of two patients who were shown at discography and proven at operation to have extreme lateral disc herniations.

scholarly journals The association of frontal recess anatomy and mucosal disease on the presence of chronic frontal sinusitis: a computed tomographic analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 208-214
Author(s):  
W.-S. Lai ◽  
P.-L. Yang ◽  
C.-H. Lee ◽  
Y.-Y. Lin ◽  
Y.-H. Chu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Mucosal Inflammation ◽  
Frontal Sinusitis ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Frontal Recess ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Increased Risk

Objectives: The frontal sinus has the most complex and variable drainage routes of all paranasal sinus regions. The goal of this study was to identify these anatomical factors and inflammation areas relating to chronic frontal sinusitis by comparing radiological presentations in patients with and without frontal sinusitis. Methods: All adult patients with chronic rhinosinusitis who had received computed tomography (CT) scans of the nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses between October 2010 and September 2011. Logistic regression analysis was used to compare the distribution of various frontal recess cells and surrounding inflammatory conditions in patients with and without frontal sinusitis. Results: Analysis of 240 sides of CT scans was performed with 66 sides excluded. The opacification of the frontal recess and sinus lateralis demonstrated a strong association with an increased presence of frontal sinusitis by multiple logistic regression models. Conclusion: Opacification of the frontal recess and sinus lateralis was found to be associated with a significantly increased risk of frontal sinusitis and developing severe blockage of drainage pathways. It provides evidence that mucosal inflammation disease in these two areas is a very important factor leading to chronic frontal sinusitis.

scholarly journals The hyperdense sylvian fissure MCA ”dot“ sign: a marker of acute CT ischemia

Stroke ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 32 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 346-346
Author(s):  
Philip A Barber ◽  
Andrew M Demchuk ◽  
Mark E Hudon ◽  
Warwick Pexman ◽  
Michael D Hill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Symptom Onset ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Sylvian Fissure ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Kappa Statistics ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Good Range

P40 Background: The hyperdense appearance of the middle cerebral artery is now a familiar early warning of large cerebral infarction, brain oedema and poor prognosis. Less well described, however, is the hyperdensity associated with embolic occlusion of branches of the middle cerebral artery seen in the sylvian fissure (MCA ”dot“ sign). The aim of this study was to define this sign, and to determine the incidence, its diagnostic value, and reliability. Methods: Computed tomographic (CT) scans performed on patients with acute ischemic stroke within 3 hours of symptom onset were analysed for signs of thromboembolic stroke and evidence of early CT ischemia. Two neuroradiologists and two stroke neurologists initially blinded to all clinical information, and then with knowledge of the affected hemisphere evaluated scans for the presence of a hyperdense MCA sign (HMCA), a hyperdense sylvian fissure MCA ”dot“ sign, and for early MCA territory ischemic changes. Results: Of 100 consecutive patients presenting within 3 hours of symptom onset early CT ischemia was seen in 74 % of the baseline CT scans. The HMCA sign was seen in 5% of CT scans whereas the MCA ”dot“ sign was seen in 16% of which 2 were associated with a HMCA sign. The presence of a HMCA sign was associated with a greater probability of dependence or death than when a MCA ”dot“ sign was observed or no hyperdensity was seen (P<0.05). All 5 patients with a HMCA sign, including 2 with an associated MCA ”dot“ sign were either dead or dependent at 3 months. Patients with a dot sign alone had independent outcomes in 64% of cases (P<0.8). Balanced kappa statistics for both signs were in the moderate to good range when the side of stroke was known. Conclusions: The hyperdense sylvian fissure MCA ”dot“ sign is an early marker of thromboembolic occlusion of the distal MCA and of its branches.

scholarly journals Personal Social Capital and Socio-occupational Function of Persons with Schizophrenia: A Comparative Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Nilesh Maruti Gujar ◽  
Lokesh Kumar Ranjan ◽  
Deepanjan Bhattacharjee ◽  
Basudeb Das ◽  
Narendra Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Occupational Functioning ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Persons With Schizophrenia ◽  
Negative Syndrome ◽  
Normal Controls ◽  
Occupational Function

Background: Personal social capital is an individual’s networks and connections between individuals that can provide support which is characterized by reciprocity, trustworthiness and resources. Individuals who are excluded from accessing social capital have a higher risk of schizophrenia and may have informal social control. Social functioning of individuals with schizophrenia gets disturbed therefore improving the functioning levels is considered to be an important goal in treating schizophrenia. Aim: To assess and compare personal social capital and socio-occupational functioning of patients with schizophrenia and normal controls. Materials and Methods: The sample consisted of 60 individuals (30 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia and 30 normal population) selected from the outpatient department (OPD) of the Central Institute of Psychiatry, Ranchi by using purposive sampling method. Positive and negative syndrome scale (for study group) and General health questionnaire (for normal population) applied for screening. Participants who fulfilled inclusion criteria were informed about study and consent was obtained. Socio-demographic and clinical datasheet, Personal Social Capital Scale and socio-occupational functioning scale were administered. Results: Present study shows a significant difference in personal social capital and socio-occupational functioning of persons with schizophrenia and normal controls. Conclusion: The patients with schizophrenia hold lower personal social capital and socio-occupational functioning than the normal population. Personal social capital and socio-occupational functioning showed a significant positive correlation, therefore, improvement in socio-occupational functioning can help to enhance personal social capital. Keywords: Schizophrenia, personal social capital, socio-occupational functioning

scholarly journals Contribution of CAD to the Sensitivity for Detecting Lung Metastases on Thin-Section CT – A Prospective Study with Surgical and Histopathological Correlation

2019 ◽  
Vol 192 (01) ◽  
pp. 65-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Meybaum ◽  
Mareike Graff ◽  
Eva Maria Fallenberg ◽  
Gunda Leschber ◽  
Dag Wormanns
Keyword(s):  
Thin Section ◽  
Lung Metastases ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Pulmonary Metastasectomy ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Cad System ◽  
Histopathological Correlation ◽  
Experienced Radiologist ◽  
Key Points ◽  
A Prospective Study

Purpose To assess the sensitivity of radiologists and a CAD system for the detection of lung metastases on thin-section computed tomographic (CT) scans prior to pulmonary metastasectomy. Materials and Methods All patients scheduled for resection of lung metastases were eligible for this prospective single-center trial. 95 patients with 115 surgical procedures (pulmonary metastasectomy using thoracotomy) were included. An experienced radiologist examined the CT scans for pulmonary metastases and documented his findings. A commercial CAD system was used as a second reader; additional CAD findings were recorded. A comparison of the sensitivity of the radiologist alone and with CAD was performed. Intraoperatively surgeons tried to identify the documented lesions and resected them as well as additionally palpable lesions. The standard of reference consisted of surgery and histopathology. Follow-up information for radiologically detected lesions missed during surgery was sought. Results 693 lesions (262 metastases) were detected radiologically or surgically, 646 of them were resected. The sensitivity of radiologists without CAD was 67.5 % for all lesions (87.4 % for metastases). CAD highly significantly (p < 0.001) increased the sensitivity to 77.9 % (92.7 %). During surgery, 143 additional lesions (19 metastases) were detected. 49 radiologically detected lesions were not palpable during surgery: 4 metastases, 5 benign lesions, and 40 lesions of an unknown nature. Conclusion CAD provides significant additional sensitivity for detecting lung metastases using MDCT compared to the performance of a radiologist alone. CT reveals a relevant number of non-palpable pulmonary lesions. Key Points:  Citation Format

scholarly journals Skeletal muscle mass and sarcopenia can be determined with 1.5-T and 3-T neck MRI scans, in the event that no neck CT scan is performed

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aniek T. Zwart ◽  
Jan-Niklas Becker ◽  
Maria J. Lamers ◽  
Rudi A. J. O. Dierckx ◽  
Geertruida H. de Bock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Mri Scans ◽  
Ct And Mri

Abstract Objectives Cross-sectional area (CSA) measurements of the neck musculature at the level of third cervical vertebra (C3) on CT scans are used to diagnose radiological sarcopenia, which is related to multiple adverse outcomes in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients. Alternatively, these assessments are performed with neck MRI, which has not been validated so far. For that, the objective was to evaluate whether skeletal muscle mass and sarcopenia can be assessed on neck MRI scans. Methods HNC patients were included between November 2014 and November 2018 from a prospective data-biobank. CSAs of the neck musculature at the C3 level were measured on CT (n = 125) and MRI neck scans (n = 92 on 1.5-T, n = 33 on 3-T). Measurements were converted into skeletal muscle index (SMI), and sarcopenia was defined (SMI < 43.2 cm2/m2). Pearson correlation coefficients, Bland–Altman plots, McNemar test, Cohen’s kappa coefficients, and interclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were estimated. Results CT and MRI correlated highly on CSA and SMI (r = 0.958–0.998, p < 0.001). The Bland–Altman plots showed a nihil mean ΔSMI (− 0.13–0.44 cm2/m2). There was no significant difference between CT and MRI in diagnosing sarcopenia (McNemar, p = 0.5–1.0). Agreement on sarcopenia diagnosis was good with κ = 0.956–0.978 and κ = 0.870–0.933, for 1.5-T and 3-T respectively. Observer ICCs in MRI were excellent. In general, T2-weighted images had the best correlation and agreement with CT. Conclusions Skeletal muscle mass and sarcopenia can interchangeably be assessed on CT and 1.5-T and 3-T MRI neck scans. This allows future clinical outcome assessment during treatment irrespective of used modality. Key Points • Screening for low amount of skeletal muscle mass is usually measured on neck CT scans and is highly clinical relevant as it is related to multiple adverse outcomes in head and neck cancer patients. • We found that skeletal muscle mass and sarcopenia determined on CT and 1.5-T and 3-T MRI neck scans at the C3 level can be used interchangeably. • When CT imaging of the neck is missing for skeletal muscle mass analysis, patients can be assessed with 1.5-T or 3-T neck MRIs.

Reduction Of Edge Position Uncertainty On Computed Tomographic (CT) Scans

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph A. Horton ◽  
Charles Kerber ◽  
John M. Herron ◽  
Julius Rebek
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scans ◽  
Position Uncertainty ◽  
Computed Tomographic
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