Structure and Dynamics of Escalation from the Batterer's Perspective

2002 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeev Winstok ◽  
Zvi Eisikovits ◽  
Richard Gelles
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Intimate Violence ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Structure And Dynamics ◽  
Related Cost ◽  
Cohabiting Couples ◽  
Societal Reaction ◽  
Practical Implications

Most theories dealing with the escalation of intimate violence have examined the components of escalation, rather than the dynamic processes involved. This paper develops a theoretical model addressing the structure and dynamics of escalation. To develop the model, we studied the transition between nonviolent and violent realities of cohabitant couples from the male partner's perspective. A sample of 25 interviews was selected from a database consisting of 120 in-depth qualitative interviews that were collected for a larger study dealing with the experience of violence among cohabiting couples that remained together in spite of the violence. Sampling, data collection, and data analysis followed the principles of grounded theory (Glaser & Strauss, 1967). Findings indicate that the men interviewed perceive themselves as entitled and obligated to defend their dyadic existential frameworks, while recognizing the costs and benefits involved in the use of violence to achieve this end. These men tend to create the rules, judge when the rules are being infringed upon, and take steps to enforce the rules. Their evaluation of the extent of their control over their own actions and the related cost–benefit considerations are highly influential in their attempts to reestablish the lost balance in their dyadic life. The process of constructing a reaction to their partner's behavior consists of two distinctive but interrelated phases: (a) identifying an action by the partner and constructing it into being worthy of reaction; (b) constructing an appropriate reaction. Men's construction of the escalation process is not random or situational, but rather constructed within a set of personal, interpersonal, and socially recognized scripts that delineate the boundaries of the entire process. Theoretical and practical implications for assessing the risk of violence and subsequent societal reaction are suggested, as well as directions for future research.

A Preliminary Investigation of Costs and Benefits in Dietary Decisions

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (19) ◽  
pp. 1805-1809
Author(s):  
Danielle Paige Smith
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Dietary Advice ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Likert Scales ◽  
Perceived Costs

This paper describes an exploratory study that examined the perceived costs and benefits and general attitudes toward dietary supplements and seeking a doctor's dietary advice. Thirty-five undergraduates completed a survey packet that used various methods to assessed attitudes toward dieting and obesity (i.e. Likert scales, cost-benefit generation, scenario-based decision tasks). Results generally replicate past work, in that participants were unsure about the safety and regulation of dietary supplements, and although physician's advice is important, they were unlikely to seek their doctor's advice prior to beginning to try and lose weight. Further, responses indicated a perception of few risks associated with seeking physician's advice; however, these appear to be weighted heavily when deciding on a dietary method based on the scenario decision-making task. The implications of these results on planned future research are discussed.

scholarly journals Reasons and strategies associated with positive interaction between work and home amongst managers: An exploratory study

2010 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet Oosthuizen ◽  
Karina Mostert
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Organisational Culture ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Positive Interaction ◽  
Healthy Work ◽  
Value Add ◽  
Individual Strategies ◽  
Managerial Employees ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Positive Work

Orientation: In order to facilitate positive interaction between work and home, it is necessary to understand the reasons for and strategies used by managerial employees to manage this interaction.Research purpose: The objectives of this study were to determine, (1) reasons why employees experience high or low positive work–home interaction and (2) strategies that employees with high and low positive interaction use.Motivation for the study: Positive interaction between work and home, particularly in managerial employees, is becoming increasingly more important with a view to ensuring a stable and healthy work–home life.Research design, approach and method: A random clustered sample (n = 275) was taken from managerial employees in a multinational organisation and the Survey Work–Home Interaction-Nijmegen (SWING) was administered to identify participants with high and low positive interaction between work and home respectively. Thereafter, exploratory qualitative interviews were conducted with selected participants (n = 32) to deduce themes for the above-mentioned objectives. Content analysis was used to analyse, quantify and interpret the research data.Main findings: Reasons for high or low positive interaction were identified in conjunction with previous research. Ten successful strategies for positive interaction between work and home were identified and reported.Managerial/practical implications: Organisational recommendations made include changing the organisational culture to being more supportive, developing employees for future positions and creating social networks. In addition, individual strategies and recommendations for future research are identified.Contribution/value-add: This study contributes to the limited research on strategies for positive interaction between work and home among managerial employees.

scholarly journals Towards a Better Understanding of High-Growth Technology Firms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Sasha Greig
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Employment Growth ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Influential Factor ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Technology Firms ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Growth Technology

<p>High-growth has long been of interest to management academics, as they seek to understand how uncharacteristically high periods of revenue or employment growth occur, and the effects they have on firms, and the wider economy. However, despite the ongoing interest in the field, there have not been conclusive studies that are able to piece together all of the factors that may play a role in the occurrence of high-growth, and therefore there is still relatively little understanding of how and when high-growth occurs, and what control firms may have over such growth.  This mixed-methodology research uses both quantitative analysis of high-growth patterns, and qualitative interviews with relevant firms to explore the factors commonly associated with high-growth. This allows for a better understanding of how high-growth may occur. The findings indicate that high-growth is typically the product of interactions between a range of factors. The most influential factor on high-growth appears to be the competence, expertise, and experience of those managing the firm, either in a directorial or managerial capacity. The findings also indicate that, while high-growth may not be entirely predictable, there are commonalities between the high-growth patterns that technology firms experience, such as the receiving of patents, or even inclusion in the TIN100 database. Overall, this research found that there appears to be much greater diversity in high-growth than previous literature tends to suggest.  The research concludes with practical implications of these findings for firms and managers of these findings, as well as suggesting directions for future research in the field.</p>

Cultural heritage in sustainable development

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-46
Author(s):  
Michel Soto Chalhoub
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Public Attitudes ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Real Estate Market ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose Preservation of historic structures meets ecological criteria of sustainable development. In Mount Lebanon, the traditional house is a cultural asset built of native stone one-meter thick double-wythe walls. Today, lack of public policies is causing those environmental assets to approach extinction. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach The methodology uses multivariate regression on 128 data points. A mathematical model is developed and empirically tested on public attitudes toward restoration. Independent variables represent the need for protectionist policies, X1; contribution of restoration to environmental sustainability, X2; contribution to culture, X3; and financial benefits, X4. Findings It is found that stone houses transfer heat significantly slower than modern construction. There is a statistically significant and positive correlation with X1, X2, and X3, but negative with X4, most likely due to favoring return on investment of multistory buildings over the attractiveness of stone houses. Research limitations/implications As future research implications, the undergirding of urban planning policies need to be revisited. Current policies neither protect heritage, nor offer legal means to restore heritage houses. Practical implications Practical implications include revisions to building laws in Mount Lebanon, as they marginalize old stone structures. Environmental valuation techniques, use value and existence value, are recommended. Social implications Social awareness needs to be built about valuation techniques to account for complex assets that cannot be approximated through short-term real estate market price. Social rather than financial cost-benefit analysis must be performed to quantify environmental assets. Originality/value This research illustrates a pilot restoration project with critical issues faced by heritage stone houses. These assets are underrepresented in building laws which warrants social and environmental activism.

scholarly journals Establishing the scope of marketing practice: insights from practitioners

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 380-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sally Dibb ◽  
Cláudia Simões ◽  
Robin Wensley
Keyword(s):  
Relationship Marketing ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Marketing Mix ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Marketing Practice ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Future Research Agenda ◽  
Marketing Planning ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – Describing marketing practices is fundamental to understanding both the scope of marketing practice and the actual value it adds to the organization. This paper aims to clarify the reach of marketing practice and the nature of activities that marketers carry out. Design/methodology/approach – The study uses mixed methods, involving qualitative document analysis, qualitative interviews and a quantitative managerial survey. Findings – The findings reveal consistency in the views of academics and practitioners across the following disaggregated elements of practice: stakeholder and relationship marketing, customer analysis, marketing-mix management/marketing planning, and the centrality of customers. However, when these themes are integrated into broader categories of practice, the activities are parceled and prioritized in different ways by the different data sources. Practical implications – The findings have implications for how marketing is practiced and taught and for the future research agenda. Originality/value – This study considers the functional practices within marketing and clarifies the scope of marketing practice.

scholarly journals Towards a Better Understanding of High-Growth Technology Firms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Sasha Greig
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Employment Growth ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Influential Factor ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Technology Firms ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Growth Technology

<p>High-growth has long been of interest to management academics, as they seek to understand how uncharacteristically high periods of revenue or employment growth occur, and the effects they have on firms, and the wider economy. However, despite the ongoing interest in the field, there have not been conclusive studies that are able to piece together all of the factors that may play a role in the occurrence of high-growth, and therefore there is still relatively little understanding of how and when high-growth occurs, and what control firms may have over such growth.  This mixed-methodology research uses both quantitative analysis of high-growth patterns, and qualitative interviews with relevant firms to explore the factors commonly associated with high-growth. This allows for a better understanding of how high-growth may occur. The findings indicate that high-growth is typically the product of interactions between a range of factors. The most influential factor on high-growth appears to be the competence, expertise, and experience of those managing the firm, either in a directorial or managerial capacity. The findings also indicate that, while high-growth may not be entirely predictable, there are commonalities between the high-growth patterns that technology firms experience, such as the receiving of patents, or even inclusion in the TIN100 database. Overall, this research found that there appears to be much greater diversity in high-growth than previous literature tends to suggest.  The research concludes with practical implications of these findings for firms and managers of these findings, as well as suggesting directions for future research in the field.</p>

Structure and Dynamics of Escalation from the Victim's Perspective

2002 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zvi Eisikovits ◽  
Zeev Winstok ◽  
Richard Gelles
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Relationships ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Escape Route ◽  
Structure And Dynamics ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Practical Implications

This paper examines escalation to violence in intimate relationships from the woman's perspective. The findings indicate that the process leading from nonviolence to violence is marked by five discernible junctures; at each one there exists the possibility of escalation into violence, or of an “escape-route” back to nonviolence. Control over the situation remains a key factor in managing this process. Women who continue living with their violent partners construct the process in a manner that affords them a measure of control and responsibility at every stage. This enables them to remain in the relationship despite the violence. The paper concludes with suggestions for theoretical and practical implications for assessing the risk and directions for future research.

Bridging advertising practitioner theories and academic theories on how to communicate effectively with men and women

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-343
Author(s):  
Kasey Windels
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Shared Knowledge ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Emotional Appeals ◽  
Research Gap ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to understand advertising practitioners’ theories on how to communicate effectively with men and women via advertising. Further, comparisons are made between practitioners’ theories and academic research. Design/methodology/approach Qualitative interviews were conducted with 39 US advertising practitioners. Findings Many professionals believed women preferred other-oriented messages, while men preferred self-oriented messages. They believed women were comprehensive processors, while men were less engaged with advertising messages. They believe men preferred slapstick humor and factual messages, while women preferred emotional appeals. Research limitations/implications Comparisons between practitioners’ perspectives and the academic research reveal that practitioners’ theories often correspond to academic theories and empirical data. Relationships with the selectivity hypothesis are explored in depth. Suggestions are made to extend existing theory to test practitioners’ theories. Practical implications This study helps to bridge the academician-practitioner gap, which helps academics understand practitioners, communicate with them and develop shared knowledge. Originality/value This study fills a research gap in understanding practitioners’ theories of how to communicate with men and women. A key contribution of the research is a comparison of practitioner theories with academic research to note points of agreement and disagreement, bridge the gap and offer suggestions for future research.

Cross-Lagged Relationships Between Self-Esteem, Self-Construal, and Happiness in a Three-Wave Longitudinal Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-185
Author(s):  
Daniela Moza ◽  
Laurențiu Maricuțoiu ◽  
Alin Gavreliuc
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Construal ◽  
Self Worth ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Independent Person

Abstract. Previous research established that an independent construal of the self is associated with higher self-esteem, which, in turn, is associated with increased happiness. Regarding the directionality of these relationships, theoretical arguments have suggested that self-construal precedes self-esteem and that self-esteem precedes happiness. However, most research in this area is cross-sectional, thus limiting any conclusions about directionality. The present study tested these relationships in 101 Romanian undergraduates using a 3-wave cross-lagged design with a 6-month time lag between every two waves. Structural equation modeling analyses revealed that self-esteem is an antecedent of both happiness and dimensions of independent self-construal (i.e., consistency vs. variability and self-expression vs. harmony). In other words, one’s positive evaluation of self-worth precedes one’s self-perception as being a happy and independent person. The findings are discussed with respect to the theoretical and practical implications, along with limitations and suggestions for future research.

The Relationship Between Leader–Member Exchange and Employees’ Proactive Behaviors

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-111
Author(s):  
Fong-Yi Lai ◽  
Szu-Chi Lu ◽  
Cheng-Chen Lin ◽  
Yu-Chin Lee
Keyword(s):  
Hierarchical Linear Modeling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Leader Member Exchange ◽  
Voice Behavior ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Member Exchange ◽  
Multi Temporal ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Practical Implications

Abstract. The present study proposed that, unlike prior leader–member exchange (LMX) research which often implicitly assumed that each leader develops equal-quality relationships with their supervisors (leader’s LMX; LLX), every leader develops different relationships with their supervisors and, in turn, receive different amounts of resources. Moreover, these differentiated relationships with superiors will influence how leader–member relationship quality affects team members’ voice and creativity. We adopted a multi-temporal (three wave) and multi-source (leaders and employees) research design. Hypotheses were tested on a sample of 227 bank employees working in 52 departments. Results of the hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) analysis showed that LLX moderates the relationship between LMX and team members’ voice behavior and creative performance. Strengths, limitations, practical implications, and directions for future research are discussed.

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