Characterization of Multiple Herbicide-Resistant Italian Ryegrass (Lolium perennessp.multiflorum) Populations from Winter Wheat Fields in Oregon

Weed Science ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingyang Liu ◽  
Andrew G. Hulting ◽  
Carol Mallory-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Acetolactate Synthase ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Resistance Mutations ◽  
Herbicide Resistant ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Photosynthetic Inhibitors ◽  
Two Populations

Many Italian ryegrass populations in Oregon are resistant to more than one herbicide; therefore, the resistance patterns of these populations must be determined to identify alternative herbicides for management. Two suspected resistant Italian ryegrass populations (R2 and R4) survived flufenacet plus metribuzin applications under typical winter wheat production conditions. Populations R2 and R4 were resistant to clethodim, pinoxaden, quizalofop, mesosulfuron-methyl, flufenacet, but not to acetochlor, dimethenamid-p, metolachlor, pyroxasulfone, imazapyr, sulfometuron, or glyphosate. R4 was resistant to diuron, but R2 was not. The estimated flufenacet doses required for 50% growth reduction (GR50) were 438 g ai ha−1(R2) and 308 g ai ha−1(R4). Both populations were controlled by pyroxasulfone at rates greater than 15 g ai ha−1. An Asp-2078-Gly substitution in the ACCase gene was found in both populations, while an Ile-2041-Asn was found only in the R4 population. A Ser-264-Gly substitution inpsbA gene was found in the R4 population. These mutations previously have been reported to provide resistance to ACCase and photosynthetic inhibitors, respectively. No resistance mutations were identified in the acetolactate synthase (ALS) gene of either population. The addition of the P450 inhibitor, chlorpyrifos, increased the injury resulting from mesosulfuron-methyl on both resistant populations providing indirect evidence that the ALS resistance may be metabolic. Multiple herbicide-resistant Italian ryegrass populations were identified in this study with both target site and nontarget site based mechanisms likely involved. However, several herbicides were identified including pyroxasulfone, a herbicide in the same group as flufenacet, which could be used to control these two populations.

Effect of Wheat Herbicide Carryover on Double-Crop Cotton and Soybean

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy L. Grey ◽  
L. Bo Braxton ◽  
John S. Richburg
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Residual Activity ◽  
Stand Density ◽  
Acetolactate Synthase ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Visible Injury ◽  
Soft Red Winter Wheat ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Strip Tillage

In the southeastern United States many farmers double-crop winter wheat with soybean or cotton. However, there is little information about residual injury of herbicides used in wheat to these rotational crops. Experiments were conducted from 2007 to 2008 and 2008 to 2009 in soft red winter wheat to evaluate response of rotational crops of soybean and cotton after application of various acetolactate synthase herbicides in wheat. Pyroxsulam, mesosulfuron, sulfosulfuron, propoxycarbazone, or chlorsulfuron plus metsulfuron at multiple rates were applied to wheat approximately 110 to 120 d before planting rotational crops. Soils were Tift loamy sand at Ty Ty, GA and Faceville sandy loam at Plains, GA. After wheat harvest, soybean (‘Pioneer 97M50’) and cotton (‘DP 0949 B2RF’) were strip-tillage planted and evaluated for injury, stand density, height over time, and yields. For both locations, wheat was tolerant to all herbicide treatments with little to no visible injury 7 to 90 d after application. Pyroxsulam injury was less than sulfosulfuron or mesosulfuron. At recommended use rates, wheat injury was transient with no effect on yield. Double-crop soybean for both locations had no differences in stand establishment for any herbicide treatments. There was significant carryover injury to soybean and cotton for sulfosulfuron applied to wheat for the Faceville sandy loam. There was no effect of herbicide treatment on cotton stand. There was little to no difference in residual activity on rotational crops between pyroxsulam and other wheat herbicides when labeled rates were applied. This is significant as pyroxsulam is used to control Italian ryegrass and wild radish in this region.

Multiple herbicide–resistant Lolium spp. is prevalent in wheat production in Texas Blacklands

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 652-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijay Singh ◽  
Aniruddha Maity ◽  
Seth Abugho ◽  
James Swart ◽  
David Drake ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Acetolactate Synthase ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Susceptible Population ◽  
Wheat Production ◽  
Herbicide Resistant ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Als Inhibitor

AbstractField surveys were conducted across the Blacklands region of Texas during 2016 and 2017 to document the distribution of herbicide-resistant Lolium spp. infesting winter wheat production fields in the region. A total of 68 populations (64 Italian ryegrass, four perennial ryegrass) were evaluated in a greenhouse for sensitivity to herbicides of three different modes of action: an acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor (mesosulfuron-methyl), two acetyl-coenzyme-A carboxylase (ACCase) inhibitors (diclofop-methyl and pinoxaden), and a 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) inhibitor (glyphosate). Herbicides were applied at twice the label-recommended rates for mesosulfuron-methyl (29 g ai ha−1), diclofop-methyl (750 g ai ha−1), and pinoxaden (118 g ai ha−1); and at the recommended rate for glyphosate (868 g ae ha−1). The herbicide screenings were followed by dose-response assays of the most-resistant ryegrass population for each herbicide at eight rates (0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, and 64×), compared with a susceptible population at six rates (0.0625, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1, and 2×). The initial screening and dose-response experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design with three replications and two experimental runs. Survivors (<80% injury) were characterized as highly resistant (0% to 20% injury) or moderately resistant (21% to 79%). Results showed that 97%, 92%, 39%, and 3% of the Italian ryegrass populations had survivors to diclofop-methyl, mesosulfuron-methyl, pinoxaden, and glyphosate treatments, respectively. Of the four perennial ryegrass populations, three were resistant to diclofop-methyl and mesosulfuron-methyl, and one was resistant to pinoxaden as well. Perennial ryegrass populations did not exhibit any resistance to glyphosate. Dose-response assays revealed 37-, 196-, and 23-fold resistance in Italian ryegrass to mesosulfuron-methyl, diclofop-methyl, and pinoxaden, respectively, compared with a susceptible standard. One Italian ryegrass population exhibited three-way multiple resistance to ACCase-, ALS-, and EPSPS-inhibitors. The proliferation of multiple herbicide–resistant ryegrass is a challenge to sustainable wheat production in Texas Blacklands and warrants diversified management strategies.

Widespread Occurrence of Herbicide-Resistant Italian Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) in Northern Idaho and Eastern Washington

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Traci A. Rauch ◽  
Donald C. Thill ◽  
Seth A. Gersdorf ◽  
William J. Price
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Acetolactate Synthase ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Cross Resistance ◽  
Herbicide Resistant ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Northern Idaho ◽  
Eastern Washington

Persistent use of herbicides has resulted in the selection of many herbicide-resistant weeds worldwide. A survey of 75 fields in the Palouse region of the inland Pacific Northwest was conducted to determine the extent of Italian ryegrass resistance to grass herbicides commonly used in winter wheat-cropping systems. Plants grown from collected seed samples were tested for resistance to diclofop, clodinafop, quizalofop, tralkoxydim, sethoxydim, clethodim, pinoxaden, triasulfuron, mesosulfuron, flucarbazone, imazamox, and flufenacet/metribuzin. Averaged across herbicide families within a herbicide group, some level of resistance was exhibited in 73, 31, and 31% of the populations to the aryloxyphenoxypropionates, cyclohexanediones, and phenylpyrazoline herbicides, respectively, and 39, 53, and 55% of the populations to the sulfonylureas, sulfonylaminocarbonyltriazolinone, and imidazolinone herbicides, respectively. Twelve percent of the populations showed some level of resistance to flufenacet/metribuzin. Cross-resistance to all acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase-inhibiting (group 1) herbicides was observed in 12% of the populations, whereas 25% of the populations were cross-resistant to all acetolactate synthase-inhibiting (group 2) herbicides tested. Of all the populations tested, 7% exhibited multiple resistance to at least one herbicide within all three groups tested. Only 5% of populations were completely susceptible to all 12 herbicides tested. These results indicate that herbicide-resistant Italian ryegrass populations are now common across much of the Palouse region in northern Idaho and eastern Washington.

Control of Italian Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) in Winter Wheat

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron J. Hoskins ◽  
Bryan G. Young ◽  
Ronald F. Krausz ◽  
John S. Russin
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Acetolactate Synthase ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Acetyl Coa Carboxylase ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Foliar Symptoms

Field studies were established in 1999 and 2000 to evaluate Italian ryegrass, wheat, and double-crop soybean response to fall and spring postemergence applications of flucarbazone, sulfosulfuron, clodinafop, diclofop, and tralkoxydim applied alone and in combination with thifensulfuron + tribenuron to winter wheat. Fall-applied herbicides caused 5% or less wheat injury. Spring-applied herbicides caused 3 to 45% wheat injury, and the greatest injury occurred with the combination of flucarbazone with thifensulfuron + tribenuron in the spring of 2001. Spring-applied sulfosulfuron, tralkoxydim, diclofop, and clodinafop caused 3 to 6% and 16 to 26% wheat injury in 2000 and 2001, respectively. Herbicide injury to wheat did not reduce wheat grain yield compared with the hand-weeded treatment. Italian ryegrass competition in the nontreated plots reduced wheat yield by as much as 33% compared with herbicide-treated plots. Italian ryegrass control was 89 to 99% from clodinafop and diclofop and 78 to 97% from flucarbazone, with no differences because of application timing in either year of the study. Italian ryegrass control from sulfosulfuron and tralkoxydim was greater from the spring of 2000 applications (94 to 99%) compared with the fall of 1999 applications (65 to 88%). However, in 2001, application timing (fall vs. spring) for sulfosulfuron and tralkoxydim did not affect Italian ryegrass control. Thifensulfuron + tribenuron combined with tralkoxydim reduced control of Italian ryegrass control compared with tralkoxydim alone in both years of the study. Italian ryegrass control was not reduced when thifensulfuron + tribenuron was combined with sulfosulfuron, flucarbazone, diclofop, or clodinafop. Italian ryegrass was controlled effectively by the acetyl-CoA carboxylase–inhibiting herbicides diclofop, clodinafop, and tralkoxydim. However, control of Italian ryegrass with the acetolactate synthase–inhibiting herbicides flucarbazone and sulfosulfuron was inconsistent. Double-crop soybean after wheat did not have foliar symptoms or yield loss from fall- or spring-applied herbicides.

Imidazolinone-Resistant Soft Red Winter Wheat Weed Control and Crop Response to ALS-Inhibiting Herbicides

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 405-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy L. Grey ◽  
George S. Cutts ◽  
Jerry Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Acetolactate Synthase ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Crop Response ◽  
Soft Red Winter Wheat ◽  
Red Winter Wheat ◽  
Crop Planting

Inability to control Italian ryegrass in soft red winter wheat can result in reduced yields, reduced quality, or both and cause double-crop planting to be inefficient. Experiments were conducted at Plains, GA, to evaluate diclofop-susceptible Italian ryegrass control in a single-gene imidazolinone (IMI)-resistant wheat using imazamox, mesosulfuron, and diclofop. Treatments were applied at variable rates and tank mixtures to the IMI-resistant soft red winter wheat ‘AGS CL7’ at Feekes' stages 1 (EMERG) or 2 (POST). Lower Italian ryegrass control of 78% or less was observed with single treatments of EMERG or POST herbicide applications. Diclofop provided maximum Italian ryegrass control of 79% or greater with minimal injury to wheat cultivar AGS CL 7. Sequential applications of diclofop at EMERG followed by imazamox, mesosulfuron, or diclofop POST provided maximum Italian ryegrass control at 86% or greater. The efficacy of the acetolactate synthase (ALS)–inhibiting herbicides registered for wheat weed control for AGS CL7 and ‘AGS 2000’ (conventional) was also evaluated. Mesosulfuron at 40 g ai ha−1resulted in 17% injury at 7 d after application (DAA), tribenuron at 40 g ai ha−1caused 9% injury 7 DAA, and pyroxsulam at 190 g ai ha−1caused 7% injury at 7 DAA, but was transient and not observed after heading or at harvest. No yield differences were noted between the nontreated control for AGS 2000 and AGS CL 7 for chlorsulfuron, mesosulfuron, thifensulfuron, tribenuron, prosulfuron, and pyroxsulam.

scholarly journals Frequency, distribution, and ploidy diversity of herbicide-resistant Italian ryegrass (Lolium perenne spp. multiflorum) populations of western Oregon

Weed Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-33
Author(s):  
Lucas K. Bobadilla ◽  
Andrew G. Hulting ◽  
Pete A Berry ◽  
Marcelo L. Moretti ◽  
Carol Mallory-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Herbicide Resistance ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Acetolactate Synthase ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Cross Resistance ◽  
Ploidy Levels ◽  
Herbicide Resistant ◽  
Feral Populations ◽  
First Time

Abstract Italian ryegrass [Lolium perenne L. spp. multiflorum (Lam.) Husnot] is one of the most troublesome weeds worldwide. L. multiflorum is also a grass seed crop cultivated on 50,000 ha in Oregon, where both diploid and tetraploid cultivars are grown. A survey was conducted to understand the distribution, frequency, and susceptibility of L. multiflorum to selected herbicides used to control L. multiflorum. The herbicides selected were clethodim, glufosinate, glyphosate, mesosulfuron-methyl (mesosulfuron), paraquat, pinoxaden, pyroxsulam, quizalofop-P-ethyl (quizolafop), pronamide, flufenacet + metribuzin, and pyroxasulfone. The ploidy levels of the populations were also tested. A total of 150 fields were surveyed between 2017 and 2018, of which 75 (50%) had L. multiflorum present. Herbicide-resistant populations were documented in 88% of the 75 populations collected. The most frequent mechanisms of action were resistance to Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase), Acetolactate Synthase (ALS), 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate (EPSPs) inhibitors, and combinations thereof. Multiple and cross-resistance, found in 75% of the populations, were the most frequent patterns of resistance. Paraquat-resistant biotypes were confirmed in six orchard crop populations for the first time in Oregon. Herbicide resistance was spatially clustered, with most cases of resistance in the northern part of the surveyed area. ALS and ACCase resistant populations were prevalent in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) fields. Multiple-resistance was positively correlated with plant density. Tetraploid feral populations were identified, but no cases of herbicide resistance were documented. This is the first survey of herbicide resistance and ploidy diversity in L. multiflorum in western Oregon. Resistant populations were present across the surveyed area, indicating that the problem is widespread.

Mesosulfuron-Resistant Italian Ryegrass (Lolium Multiflorum) Biotype from Texas

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew T. Ellis ◽  
Gaylon D. Morgan ◽  
Thomas C. Mueller
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Acetolactate Synthase ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Acetyl Coa Carboxylase ◽  
Acetyl Coa ◽  
Resistance Level ◽  
Greenhouse Experiments

Acetolactate synthase (ALS)–inhibiting herbicides are often used to control Italian ryegrass in winter wheat in Texas. An Italian ryegrass biotype near Waco, TX was evaluated for resistance to mesosulfuron in field and greenhouse experiments. Control of the biotype in the field was less than 10% with the label rate of mesosulfuron (15 g ai/ha). Greenhouse studies confirmed that the biotype was resistant to mesosulfuron; control of the biotype was less than 35% at 120 g ai/ha mesosulfuron. The herbicide dose required to reduce plant biomass of a susceptible and the Waco biotype by 50% (GR50) was 1.3 and 31 g ai/ha, respectively, indicating a resistance level of 24-fold in the Waco biotype. However, the Waco biotype was controlled with the acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitors diclofop and pinoxaden.

Characterization of multiple-herbicide-resistant Italian ryegrass (Lolium perenne spp. multiflorum )

2013 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
pp. 1145-1150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingyang Liu ◽  
Andrew G Hulting ◽  
Carol A Mallory-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Herbicide Resistant

Molecular cloning and characterization of vernalization-related (ver) genes in winter wheat

1994 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 511-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kang Chong ◽  
Li-Ping Wang ◽  
Ke-Hui Tan ◽  
Hua-Liang Huang ◽  
Hou-Guo Liang
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Molecular Cloning
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