Efficacy of Residual And Non-Residual Herbicides Used in Cotton Production Systems When Applied with Glyphosate, Glufosinate, or MSMA

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 459-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Price ◽  
Clifford H. Koger ◽  
John W. Wilcut ◽  
Donnie Miller ◽  
Edzard Van Santen
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Cotton Production ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Pitted Morningglory ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Hemp Sesbania ◽  
Prickly Sida ◽  
Smooth Pigweed

Field experiments were conducted to evaluate weed control provided by glyphosate, glufosinate, and MSMA applied alone or in mixture with residual and nonresidual last application (LAYBY) herbicides. Herbicide treatments included glyphosate early postemergence (EPOST) alone or followed by glyphosate, glufosinate, or MSMA late-postemergence (LPOST) alone or tank-mixed with one of the following LAYBY herbicides: carfentrazone-ethyl at 0.3 kg ai/ha, diuron at 1.12 kg ai/ha, flumioxazin at 0.07 kg ai/ha, fluometuron at 1.12 kg ai/ha, lactofen at 0.84 kg ai/ha, linuron at 0.56 kg ai/ha, oxyfluorfen at 1.12 kg ai/ha, prometryn at 1.12 kg ai/ha, or prometryn + trifloxysulfuron at 1.12 kg ai/ha + 10 g ai/ha. Residual herbicides were also applied alone LPOST. Weeds evaluated included barnyardgrass, broadleaf signalgrass, coffee senna, entireleaf morningglory, hemp sesbania, ivyleaf morningglory, johnsongrass, large crabgrass, Palmer amaranth, pitted morningglory, prickly sida, redroot pigweed, sicklepod, smooth pigweed, spiny amaranth, and velvetleaf. Treatments containing MSMA provided lower average weed control compared to those containing glyphosate or glufosinate, and residual herbicides applied alone provided inadequate weed control compared to mixtures containing a nonresidual herbicide. Across 315 of 567 comparisons (55%), when a LAYBY herbicide was added, weed control increased. The most difficult to control weed species at all locations was pitted morningglory. Barnyardgrass and hemp sesbania at the Mississippi location and hemp sesbania at the Louisiana location were collectively difficult to control across all treatments as well.

Early Season Herbicide Applications for Weed Control in Stale Seedbed Soybean (Glycine max)

1992 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacey A. Bruff ◽  
David R. Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Soybean Yield ◽  
Pitted Morningglory ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Hemp Sesbania ◽  
Selective Herbicide

Field experiments were conducted in 1989 and 1990 on silty clay and sandy loam soils to evaluate weed control and soybean yield with early-April preplant incorporation of selective herbicides in stale seedbed soybean followed by non-selective weed control measures at planting. Metribuzin applied PPI early followed by chlorimuron POST coupled with either glyphosate or paraquat PRE controlled sicklepod, pitted morningglory, and hemp sesbania to the same extent of that treatment applied PPI at planting. All stale seedbed treatments with POST applications and glyphosate, paraquat, or tillage at planting controlled pitted morningglory over 70%. However, imazaquin or metribuzin applied PPI early without a POST treatment controlled sicklepod and pitted morningglory poorly. Frequently, applying PPI herbicides at planting increased control compared with early PPI applications, but this was overcome by POST treatments. Early stale seedbed applications of metribuzin did not result in more than 60% control of hemp sesbania, whereas metribuzin applied PPI at planting controlled over 85%. However, metribuzin plus chlorimuron controlled hemp sesbania at least 74%, regardless of application timing or tillage method, whereas no imazaquin treatment achieved over 65% control. All stale seedbed herbicide treatments increased soybean yield compared with the untreated stale seedbed check. Selective herbicide treatments with either non-selective herbicide in a stale seedbed program resulted in equivalent yield to PPI at planting treatments most often, except with metribuzin.

Influence of Application Variables on Efficacy of Glyphosate

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 354-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Jordan ◽  
Alan C. York ◽  
James L. Griffin ◽  
Patrick A. Clay ◽  
P. Roy Vidrine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Redroot Pigweed ◽  
Weed Growth ◽  
Pitted Morningglory ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Hemp Sesbania ◽  
Prickly Sida ◽  
Potential Interactions

Field experiments were conducted from 1993 to 1995 to compare weed control by the isopropylamine salt of glyphosate at 0.21, 0.42, 0.63, and 0.84 kg ae/ha applied at three stages of weed growth. Weed control by glyphosate applied at these rates alone or with ammonium sulfate at 2.8 kg/ha was also evaluated. In other experiments, potential interactions between glyphosate and acifluorfen, chlorimuron, and 2,4-DB were evaluated. Velvetleaf, prickly sida, sicklepod, pitted morningglory, entireleaf morningglory, palmleaf morningglory, and hemp sesbania were controlled more easily when weeds had one to three leaves compared with control when weeds had four or more leaves. Glyphosate controlled redroot pigweed, velvetleaf, prickly sida, sicklepod, and barnyardgrass more effectively than pitted morningglory, entireleaf morningglory, palmleaf morningglory, or hemp sesbania. Increasing the rate of glyphosate increased control, especially when glyphosate was applied to larger weeds. Greater variation in control was noted for pitted morningglory, palmleaf morningglory, prickly sida, and velvetleaf than for redroot pigweed, sicklepod, entireleaf morningglory, or hemp sesbania. Ammonium sulfate increased prickly sida and entireleaf morningglory control but did not influence sicklepod, hemp sesbania, or barnyardgrass control. Acifluorfen applied 3 d before glyphosate or in a mixture with glyphosate reduced barnyardgrass control compared with glyphosate applied alone. Chlorimuron did not reduce efficacy. Mixtures of glyphosate and 2,4-DB controlled sicklepod, entireleaf morningglory, and barnyardgrass similar to glyphosate alone.

Evaluation of S-Metolachlor and S-Metolachlor Plus Atrazine Mixtures with Mesotrione for Broadleaf Weed Control in Corn

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cory M. Whaley ◽  
Gregory R. Armel ◽  
Henry P. Wilson ◽  
Thomas E. Hines
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Common Ragweed ◽  
Minimum Rate ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Pitted Morningglory ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Smooth Pigweed

Field experiments were conducted in 2001, 2002, and 2003 to evaluate PRE applications of mesotrione at 150, 230, and 310 g ai/ha alone, and in mixtures with S-metolachlor at 1,070 g ai/ha and atrazine at 560 and 1,120 g ai/ha in corn. Corn injury was 11 to 18% with all treatments in 2002 when 3.2 cm of rainfall occurred within 10 d after PRE applications, but no injury was observed in 2001 and 2003 when rainfall was 0 and 1.1 cm within 10 d after PRE applications, respectively. Rainfall following PRE herbicide applications also influenced weed control, where weed control was generally poor with all herbicide treatments in 2001. Mesotrione at 150 g/ha controlled common lambsquarters and smooth pigweed at least 95% in 2002 and 2003, but control was 70% or less in 2001. PRE mesotrione at rates of 230 or 310 g/ha controlled common ragweed at least 83% in 2002 and 2003, but control exceeded 88% with mixtures of mesotrione at rates greater than 150 g/ha plus S-metolachlor plus atrazine at 560 g/ha. Morningglory species (ivyleaf morningglory, pitted morningglory, and tall morningglory) were not consistently controlled by mesotrione alone. In 2002 and 2003, mixtures of all mesotrione rates plus S-metolachlor plus atrazine at 1,120 g/ha controlled morningglory species at least 90%. Corn treated with mesotrione at any rate plus S-metolachlor plus atrazine at 1,120 g/ha consistently produced high yields. It is concluded that control with this three-way mixture would be most consistent with a minimum rate of mesotrione at 230 g/ha and atrazine at 1,120 g/ha.

MSMA Antagonizes Glyphosate and Glufosinate Efficacy on Broadleaf and Grass Weeds

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clifford H. Koger ◽  
Ian C. Burke ◽  
Donnie K. Miller ◽  
J. Andrew Kendig ◽  
Krishna N. Reddy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Palmer Amaranth ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Redroot Pigweed ◽  
Pitted Morningglory ◽  
Hemp Sesbania ◽  
Prickly Sida ◽  
Grass Weed ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Levels Of Control

Field and greenhouse studies were conducted to investigate the compatibility of MSMA in a tank mixture with glyphosate or glufosinate for broadleaf and grass weed control. Glyphosate, glufosinate, and MSMA were evaluated at 0.5×, 1×, and 2× rates, with 1× rates of 0.84 kgae/ha, 0.5 kgai/ha, and 2.2 kgai/ha, respectively. Glyphosate and glufosinate provided similar levels of control for most weed species and were often more efficacious than MSMA alone. Glyphosate controlled Palmer amaranth better than glufosinate. Glufosinate controlled hemp sesbania, pitted morningglory, and ivyleaf morningglory better than glyphosate at one location. Weed control was not improved with the addition of MSMA to glyphosate or glufosinate when compared with either herbicide alone. MSMA antagonized glyphosate efficacy on barnyardgrass, browntop millet, hemp sesbania, Palmer amaranth, and redroot pigweed. MSMA antagonized glufosinate efficacy on browntop millet, hemp sesbania, ivyleaf morningglory, johnsongrass, Palmer amaranth, pitted morningglory, prickly sida, redroot pigweed, and velvetleaf. Antagonism of glyphosate or glufosinate by MSMA was often overcome by applying the 2× rate of either herbicide alone. MSMA is not a compatible tank-mixture partner with glyphosate or glufosinate for weed control in cotton.

Weed Management in Cotton with CGA-362622, Fluometuron, and Pyrithiobac

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 268-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian C. Burke ◽  
John W. Wilcut
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Cotton Lint ◽  
Common Ragweed ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Pitted Morningglory ◽  
Methylarsonic Acid ◽  
Prickly Sida ◽  
Smooth Pigweed

An experiment was conducted at five locations in North Carolina during 2000 and 2001 to evaluate weed control, crop injury, and cotton yield. Weed management systems included different combinations of pyrithiobac preemergence (PRE), fluometuron PRE, CGA-362622 postemergence (POST), pyrithiobac POST, and monosodium salt of methylarsonic acid (MSMA) plus prometryn applied late POST-directed (LAYBY). At Goldsboro in 2000, cotton was injured 74 to 78% by CGA-362622 POST when evaluated 4 to 7 d after treatment (DAT). Injury at Clayton, Goldsboro, and Lewiston in 2001 and Rocky Mount in 2000 was less than 16% 4 to 7 DAT with the same treatment and was not apparent by 62 DAT. CGA-362622 controlled common lambsquarters, common ragweed, Palmer amaranth, sicklepod, smooth pigweed, andIpomoeaspecies including entireleaf, ivyleaf, and pitted morningglory, and the addition of pyrithiobac to the herbicide system, either PRE or POST, increased control ofAmaranthusspecies, jimsonweed, and prickly sida. CGA-362622 did not control jimsonweed or prickly sida. Fluometuron PRE, pyrithiobac PRE, and MSMA plus prometryn LAYBY were beneficial for increasing weed control and cotton lint yields. Prometryn plus MSMA LAYBY increased control of common ragweed, entireleaf morningglory, jimsonweed, pitted morningglory, and smooth pigweed and provided higher cotton yields than similar systems without a LAYBY. The greatest weed control and greatest cotton lint yields required complete weed management systems that included a combination of PRE, POST, and LAYBY treatments.

Weed management with CGA-362622 in transgenic and nontransgenic cotton

Weed Science ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 1002-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dunk Porterfield ◽  
John W. Wilcut ◽  
Jerry W. Wells ◽  
Scott B. Clewis
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Palmer Amaranth ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Crop Tolerance ◽  
Prickly Sida ◽  
Smooth Pigweed

Field studies conducted at three locations in North Carolina in 1998 and 1999 evaluated crop tolerance, weed control, and yield with CGA-362622 alone and in combination with various weed management systems in transgenic and nontransgenic cotton systems. The herbicide systems used bromoxynil, CGA-362622, glyphosate, and pyrithiobac applied alone early postemergence (EPOST) or mixtures of CGA-362622 plus bromoxynil, glyphosate, or pyrithiobac applied EPOST. Trifluralin preplant incorporated followed by (fb) fluometuron preemergence (PRE) alone or fb a late POST–directed (LAYBY) treatment of prometryn plus MSMA controlled all the weed species present less than 90%. Herbicide systems that included soil-applied and LAYBY herbicides plus glyphosate EPOST or mixtures of CGA-362622 EPOST plus bromoxynil, glyphosate, or pyrithiobac controlled broadleaf signalgrass, entireleaf morningglory, large crabgrass, Palmer amaranth, prickly sida, sicklepod, and smooth pigweed at least 90%. Only cotton treated with these herbicide systems yielded equivalent to the weed-free check for each cultivar. Bromoxynil systems did not control Palmer amaranth and sicklepod, pyrithiobac systems did not control sicklepod, and CGA-362622 systems did not control prickly sida.

Utility of Clomazone for Annual Grass and Broadleaf Weed Control in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea)

1994 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Jordan ◽  
John W. Wilcut ◽  
Leslie D. Fortner
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Annual Grass ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Common Ragweed ◽  
Prickly Sida ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Large Crabgrass

Field experiments conducted in 1988 and 1989 evaluated clomazone alone and in a systems approach for weed control in peanut. Clomazone PPI at 0.8 kg ai/ha controlled common ragweed, prickly sida, spurred anoda, and tropic croton better than ethalfluralin and/or metolachlor applied PPI. POST application of acifluorfen plus bentazon was not needed to control these weeds when clomazone was used. Acifluorfen plus bentazon improved control of these weeds when clomazone was not used and generally were necessary to obtain peanut yields regardless of the soil-applied herbicides. Alachlor PRE did not improve clomazone control of any weed species evaluated. Fall panicum and large crabgrass control was similar with clomazone or clomazone plus ethalfluralin.

Herbicide Inputs for a New Agronomic Crop, Annual Wormwood (Artemisia annua)

1991 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles T. Bryson ◽  
Edward M. Croom
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Artemisia Annua ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Large Scale Cultivation

Annual wormwood has been cultivated on a small scale for production of the artemisinin class of antimalarial drugs in sufficient quantities for preclinical and clinical trials. Large scale cultivation will require a reliable, efficient crop production system. Production systems using 32 herbicides alone or in combinations were evaluated in growth chamber, greenhouse, and field experiments at Stoneville, MS from 1985 through 1988. The herbicide treatments that provided the best weed control were (A) metolachlor at 2.2 kg ai ha-1preemergence (PRE), (B) chloramben at 2.2 kg ai ha-1(PRE), or (C) trifluralin at 0.6 kg ai ha-1preplant soil incorporated (PPI) followed by fluazifop at 0.2 + 0.2 kg ai ha-1postemergence broadcast (POST) and acifluorfen at 0.6 kg ai ha-1(POST). These herbicide production systems provided excellent weed control (≥85%) and minimal crop injury (≤10%) with no effect on crop height or weight at harvest. Production of artemisinin was not reduced by herbicide treatments A, B, and C in 1987 and treatments B and C in 1988 when compared with the hand-weeded plots.

scholarly journals Precision orientation herbicide spraying against weeds in plastic-mulched fields of spring hybrid millet

2019 ◽  
pp. 837
Author(s):  
Meijun Guo ◽  
Xi-e Song ◽  
Jie Shen ◽  
Jianming Wang ◽  
Xiatong Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Foxtail Millet ◽  
Good Option ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Efficacy Evaluation ◽  
Application Range ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Herbicide Treatments

Foxtail millet (Setaria italic [L.] P. Beauv.) is an important food and fodder crop that is cultivated worldwide. However, weeds severely inhibit the growth of spring foxtail millet, and no suitable herbicide or method is available for weed control in foxtail millet fields. Field experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of various herbicides and their safety toward hybrid foxtail millet, that is, ‘Zhangzagu 10’. The present study was conducted using seven herbicides applied by precision orientation spraying between plastic mulches in a foxtail millet field. All herbicide treatments exhibited no significant difference on foxtail millet shoot and root biomass. No difference in grain yield was observed among herbicide treatments, including MCPA (2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid), mesotrione, acetochlor, trifluralin, and pendimethalin, at the recommended dosage in field efficacy evaluation trial. For the same herbicide, the tendency of weed control increased with the increase in herbicide concentration. Following this finding, all herbicides applied at the highest dosage controlled weeds by 92.06% compared with the other treatments utilizing lower concentration. At the same concentration level, mesotrione controlled all weed populations was the highest observed among all herbicides, followed by prometryne and MCPA. Mesotrione controlled all weeds by at least 76.85%, exhibiting the highest weed injury among the herbicides and satisfying the requirement for weed species control. Finally, comprehensive analyses showed that mesotrione at 0.8 L ha-1, yielded the highest comprehensive evaluation value in foxtail millet field. Thus, this herbicide can be a good option in controlling weeds in foxtail millet field. This new model can aid in protecting hybrid ‘Zhangzagu 10’ foxtail millet seeds or seedlings against herbicide damage and is a good option in expanding the application range of herbicide in foxtail millet.

Weed Control and Yield are Equal in Conventional, Reduced-, and No-Tillage Soybean (Glycine max) After 11 Years

1993 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 443-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Kapusta ◽  
Ronald F. Krausz
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
No Till ◽  
Giant Foxtail ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Excellent Control

Field experiments were conducted from 1979 to 1989 to determine the influence of conventional, reduced, and no-tillage systems and different herbicide combinations on weed species and population, weed control, and soybean injury, population, and yield. In no-till (NT) non-treated plots, there was an abrupt shift from horseweed as the dominant early spring emerging weed to gray goldenrod in 1985. Following its initial observation, gray goldenrod became the dominant species within 2 yr, with giant foxtail as the only other species observed in these plots. Giant foxtail was the dominant weed species from 1980 to 1989 in conventional till (CT) and reduced-till (RT) plots. There also was a shift in the frequency of occurrence and in density of several broadleaf weed species during the 11-yr study. Most herbicides provided excellent control of all weeds in all tillage systems, especially those that included POST herbicides. There was little difference between glyphosate and paraquat in controlling weeds present at the time of planting in NT. PRE herbicides caused 2 to 9% soybean injury with slightly greater injury occurring in CT and RT than in NT. The POST broadleaf herbicides did not significantly increase soybean injury. There were no differences in soybean population or yield among the herbicide treatments regardless of tillage. There also was no difference in soybean population or yield in NT compared with CT when averaged over all herbicide treatments.

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