Structural Modifications in Cell Membranes of Lemna minor from the Zbruch River (Ukraine) as Indicator of Pollution by Heavy Metals

2015 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 48-52
Author(s):  
T. V. Andrusyshyn ◽  
K. V. Kostiuk ◽  
V. V. Grubinko
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Cell Membranes ◽  
Lemna Minor ◽  
Structural Modifications

scholarly journals Ecotoxicological study of landfill leachate treated in the ANAMMOX process

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 230-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filip Gamoń ◽  
Mariusz Tomaszewski ◽  
Aleksandra Ziembińska-Buczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Lemna Minor ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Leachate Treatment ◽  
Mutagenic Potential ◽  
Industrial Solid Waste ◽  
Anammox Process

Abstract The exacerbated production of solid residues represents a major problem in the management and handling of urban wastes. The by-product of stored municipal and industrial solid waste production is landfill leachate. Leachate is characterized by a high concentration of organic compounds, ammonia, and the presence of heavy metals. Because of its composition, this kind of wastewater can cause serious environmental pollution and should be treated to reduce its toxic effects. Increasingly, the interest is directed to the application of the ANAMMOX (anaerobic ammonium oxidation) process for the landfill leachate treatment. In this study, for the first time, the effect of treatment with the ANAMMOX process on the toxicity of leachate was investigated. Based on the research performed in this study, it could be stated that the untreated landfill leachate from the municipal landfill and the influent of the ANAMMOX reactor present phytotoxicity to Lemna minor, due to a correlation of high concentrations of organic compounds, heavy metals, such as Cd2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, and the presence of an unionized form of ammonia (NH3). The results of the Allium cepa test demonstrated that the treatment was not efficient in eliminating the genotoxic substances that are responsible for the mutagenic potential in the effluent. This article has been made Open Access thanks to the kind support of CAWQ/ACQE (https://www.cawq.ca).

Method of Biological Wastewater Final Treatment Using Bioremediation in Northern Khabarovskiy Krai

2014 ◽  
Vol 1051 ◽  
pp. 505-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantin Gula ◽  
Liudmila Krupskaya ◽  
Eugene Shevkun ◽  
Valentina Zvereva
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Chemical Method ◽  
Gold Mining ◽  
Lemna Minor ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Waste Waters ◽  
Mining Enterprise ◽  
Final Treatment ◽  
Metals Extraction

The article presents the results of experimental research for final treatment of gold mining enterprise waste waters using water lentil (Lemna minor) of (Lemna L. ) genus, (Lemnactat S.F. Gray) family, and common red grass (Phrágmites austrális (Cav.) Trin. Ex Steud.). It was shown that a level of heavy metals extraction, cyanides and rhodanides from the industrial waters of gold processing plant is greatly higher in comparison with chemical method used at the plant. The proposals are given to the gold mining enterprise to establish a pilot plant for final biological treatment, its novelty is confirmed by the Patent of Russian Federation of 20.01.2014.

scholarly journals Chlorophyll Fluorescence in Assessing the Effect of Heavy Metal Compounds on Aquatic Organisms

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 24-36
Author(s):  
G. A. Sorokina ◽  
◽  
T. L. Shashkova ◽  
M. A. Subbotin ◽  
E. S. Stravinskene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Lemna Minor ◽  
Potassium Dichromate ◽  
Chlorophyll Concentration ◽  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Delayed Fluorescence ◽  
Short Period

Fluorescent methods allow to improve the bioassays because of time effectiveness. These methods give information on chlorophyll concentration and plant photosynthetic apparatus activity in a short period of time. The aim of this study was to estimate the sensitivity of aquatic organisms to heavy metals using chlorophyll fluorescent methods. The test-organisms of different taxonomic categories were used, including thermophilic strain Chlorella vulgaris Beijer, aquatic plants Elodea сanadensis Michx. and Lemna minor L., crustacean Daphnia magna Straus. Fluorimeter “Foton 10” developed in SibFU was employed to measure prompt and delayed fluorescence (PF and DF respectively). The experiments revealed that copper ions affected DF of chlorella in 30 minutes, resulting in a 50% decrease of relative indicator of DF (RIDF) in the range of concentrations 0.005-0.01 mg/l of Cu2+. Measuring the DF of duckweed was less time-consuming compared to registration the changing of morphological parameters when the plants were exposed to heavy metals. Copper, cadmium, and nickel exposures were found to decrease the RIDF of duckweed by more than 50% at the concentrations of 0.17, 0.31, and 1.89 mg/l respectively. However, zinc had no significant effect on the RIDF of Lemna minor in the range of 0.1-8 mg/l of Zn2+ within 24 h of exposure time. The analysis of fluorescent parameters of Canadian elodea showed the possibility of using the plant as a sorbent during the bioremediation of aquatic environments from heavy metals. Registration of chlorophyll fluorescence allowed revealing the toxic effects of negligible concentrations of heavy metals in experiments with the feeding rate of daphnids. The median effective concentrations (EC50) were 0.002, 0.02, 0.4, and 0.25 mg/l of Cd2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, and potassium dichromate respectively. This makes it possible to obtain information on the effects of pollution in the early stages of exposure and in a shorter time. Thus, the use of chlorophyll fluorescence in biomonitoring the state of the aquatic environment makes it possible to more quickly respond to changes in the ecological situation in water bodies.

scholarly journals Impact of vehicular traffic on the accumulation of metals by plants in the territory of Lviv

2020 ◽  
pp. 101-109
Author(s):  
A. Polishchuk ◽  
◽  
M. Lesiv ◽  
H. Antonyak ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Aquatic Macrophyte ◽  
Lemna Minor ◽  
Urban Ecosystem ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Traffic Load ◽  
Traffic Density ◽  
Vehicular Traffic ◽  
Traffic Intensity ◽  
Accumulation Of Metals

The study was aimed at investigating the effect of traffic load on the accumulation of heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) by moss gametophytes (Brachythecium rutabulum and Pylaisia polyantha) and aquatic macrophyte Lemna minor in the territory of the city of Lviv (Ukraine). In the course of the study, five sites were selected: site 1 in the territory of the Stryiskyi Park, which was used as a control one, and sites 2–5, in which the traffic intensity was analyzed and plant samples were collected. Sites 2 and 3 were selected in the middle and end parts of Stryiska Street, respectively, site 4 was located near the junction of Lychakivska and Pasichna streets, and site 5 was chosen in the immediate vicinity of Khortytska Street. Gametophytes of mosses B. rutabulum and P. polyantha were collected at sites 1–4 and analyzed for metals content; two ponds were selected at sites 2 and 5, respectively, and metal concentrations were analyzed in water and in the samples of L. minor. Me­tal concentrations were determined using a Selmi C-115PK atomic absorption spectrometer. According to observations, the daily traffic intensity at sites 2–4 was high; at the same time, site 5 was characterized by low traffic intensity. It was found that at sites 2–4 with heavy vehicular traffic, the accumulation levels of Mn, Pb, and Zn in gametophytes of both species of mosses and Cu in gametophyte of B. rutabulum were significantly higher compared to the control site in Stryiskyi Park. Significantly higher concentrations of Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb and Zn were found in the water of the pond located at site 2 with a high level of transport load (the middle part of Stryiska Street) compared to the pond at site 5, where the level of transport load was negligible; samples of L. minor from this reservoir were characterized by a higher content of Cr, Fe, and Zn compared to the pond at site 5. Investigating the accumulation of metals in L. minor, the highest values of bioaccumulation factors were found for Mn, Fe, and Zn. The obtained results show the bioindication potential of the plants Brachythecium rutabulum, Pylaisia polyantha and Lemna minor, and suggest that these species can be used to assess environmental pollution by heavy metals in the urban ecosystem of Lviv and in other areas with high traffic density.

scholarly journals Bioconcentration of heavy metals in aquatic macrophytes of South Urals region lakes

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 296-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
TATYANA G. KRUPNOVA ◽  
IRINA V. MASHKOVA ◽  
ANASTASIYA M. KOSTRYUKOVA ◽  
NIKITA O. EGOROV ◽  
SVETLANA V. GAVRILKINA
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Aquatic Macrophytes ◽  
Lemna Minor ◽  
South Urals ◽  
Plant Leaves ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
High Accumulation ◽  
Metal Compounds ◽  
Treated Sewage ◽  
Metal Ratio

Krupnova TG, Mashkova IV, Kostryukova AM, Egorov NO, Gavrilkina SV. 2018. Bioconcentration of heavy metals in aquatic macrophytes of South Urals region lakes. Biodiversitas 19: 296-302. This paper studies bioconcentration of heavy metals in macrophytes. High concentration of heavy metal compounds in the lakes of South Ural is natural. Moreover, some of the South Ural lakes are polluted by heavy metals that get into the water together with partly treated sewage of ferrous and non-ferrous industries as well as mining. The paper analyzes similarities and differences of macrophyte communities in six lakes: Bolshoye Miassovo, Bolshoy Ishkul, Bolshoy Tatkul, Argayash, Savelkul, Baraus. In our research, we determined species diversity for each lake. Potamogeton lucens L. and Lemna minor L. were found in all the studied lakes, and the concentrations of heavy metals were studied in their leaves. Such metals as Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn were found in macrophytes. We obtained a metal ratio Mn <Fe<Cu<Zn in plant leaves. High accumulation of Fe, Cu, Zn was observed in Lemna while Mn accumulates equally. Metals bioconcentration factors (BCFs) were calculated

PHYTOEXTRACTION OF HEAVY METALS FROM INDUSTRIALLY POLLUTED ZONE USING Lolium perenne AND Lemna minor

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1103-1108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana Malschi ◽  
Cecilia Roman ◽  
Mirela Miclean ◽  
Marin Senila ◽  
Lucrina Stefanescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Lemna Minor ◽  
Polluted Zone

scholarly journals Common channels for water and protons at apical and basolateral cell membranes of frog skin and urinary bladder epithelia. Effects of oxytocin, heavy metals, and inhibitors of H(+)-adenosine triphosphatase.

1991 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
pp. 749-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Harvey ◽  
I Lacoste ◽  
J Ehrenfeld
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Adenosine Triphosphatase ◽  
Frog Skin ◽  
Cell Membranes ◽  
Membrane Depolarization ◽  
Bathing Solution ◽  
Intracellular Acidification ◽  
Principal Cells ◽  
Basolateral Side

We have compared the response of proton and water transport to oxytocin treatment in isolated frog skin and urinary bladder epithelia to provide further insights into the nature of water flow and H+ flux across individual apical and basolateral cell membranes. In isolated spontaneous sodium-transporting frog skin epithelia, lowering the pH of the apical solution from 7.4 to 6.4, 5.5, or 4.5 produced a fall in pHi in principal cells which was completely blocked by amiloride (50 microM), indicating that apical Na+ channels are permeable to protons. When sodium transport was blocked by amiloride, the H+ permeability of the apical membranes of principal cells was negligible but increased dramatically after treatment with antidiuretic hormone (ADH). In the latter condition, lowering the pH of the apical solution caused a voltage-dependent intracellular acidification, accompanied by membrane depolarization, and an increase in membrane conductance and transepithelial current. These effects were inhibited by adding Hg2+ (100 microM) or dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCCD, 10(-5) M) to the apical bath. Net titratable H+ flux across frog skin was increased from 30 +/- 8 to 115 +/- 18 neq.h-1.cm-2 (n = 8) after oxytocin treatment (at apical pH 5.5 and serosal pH 7.4) and was completely inhibited by DCCD (10(-5) M). The basolateral membranes of the principal cells in frog skin epithelium were found to be spontaneously permeable to H+ and passive electrogenic H+ transport across this membrane was not affected by oxytocin. Lowering the pH of the basolateral bathing solution (pHb) produced an intracellular acidification and membrane depolarization (and an increase in conductance when the normal dominant K+ conductance of this membrane was abolished by Ba2+ 1 mM). These effects of low pHb were blocked by micromolar concentrations of heavy metals (Zn2+, Ni2+, Co2+, Cd2+, and Hg2+). Lowering pHb in the presence of oxytocin (50 mU/ml) produced a transepithelial current (3 microA.cm-2 at pHb 5.5) which was blocked by 100 microM of Hg2+, Zn2+, or Ni2+ at the basolateral side, and by DCCD (10(-5) M) or Hg2+ (100 microM) from the apical side. The net hydroosmotic water flux (JH2O) induced by oxytocin in frog bladder sacs was blocked by inhibitors of H(+)-adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase). Diethylstilbestrol (DES 10(-5) M), oligomycin (10(-8) M), and DCCD (10(-5) M) prevented JH2O when present in the lumen. These effects cannot be attributed to inhibition of metabolism since cyanide (10(-4) M), or 2-deoxyglucose (10(-3) M) had no effect on JH2O.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

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