scholarly journals Modified Cut-Off Value of the Urine Protein-To-Creatinine Ratio Is Helpful for Identifying Patients at High Risk for Chronic Kidney Disease: Validation of the Revised Japanese Guideline

2015 ◽  
Vol 237 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Yamamoto ◽  
Kyoko Yamamoto ◽  
Katsumi Yoshida ◽  
Chiyohiko Shindoh ◽  
Kyoko Takeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Creatinine Ratio ◽  
Urine Protein ◽  
Japanese Guideline

Spot urine protein creatinine ratio compared with dipstick proteinuria as a primary screening tool for renal disease in a community setting

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Abel Alao ◽  
Asinobi OA ◽  
Ibrahim OR ◽  
Lagunju IA
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Creatinine Ratio ◽  
Urine Protein ◽  
Spot Urine ◽  
Primary Screening ◽  
Dipstick Urinalysis

Abstract Background Although, the use of manual dipstick urinalysis for proteinuria has been a common practice, the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) guideline on screening for chronic renal disease least advocate it use. Besides, several studies have assessed the performance of dipstick urinary in screening for proteinuria to be inaccurate, unreliable with a poor predictive values. The goal of this study was to determine and compare the presence of significant proteinuria (SP) in high-risk African children using the spot urine protein creatinine ratio (UPr/UCr) as a primary screening tool besides dipstick proteinuria screening. Methods This cross-sectional study involved 1,316 apparently healthy children recruited through a multi-stage sampling technique in Ogbomoso land, Nigeria. We performed a dipstick urinalysis on early-morning urine samples. Urinary protein content was determined using a turbidimetric method and Jaffe’s reaction to measure the urinary creatinine concentration. Statistical analysis was performed using the IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS)TM, Version 23.0 for Windows. Results The prevalence of SP using spot UPr/UCr (≥ 0.2) and dipstick proteinuria screening (≥1+) were 18% and 0.8%, respectively (p<0.001). Of the 224 subjects determined to have SP using UPr/UCr, the females (140; 20.1%) had a higher proportion compared to males (84; 15.4% -p=0.032). Nephrotic range proteinuria was detected in nine out of 10 subjects (90%) using UPr/UCr but in only three out of ten (30%) using the urinary dipstick method. The biserial correlation coefficient (r= 0.092; p=0.001) and inter-rater-agreement (Cohen’s Kappa = 0.01) were poor, and the McNemar’s test result was (p<0.001). Conclusion The UPr/UCr ratio technique appeared to perform better than dipstick urinalysis as a primary screening tool for renal disease. Hence, it may be adopted for early detection of SP as a kidney disease marker especially among the high risk population.

scholarly journals Antiproteinuric effects of cilnidipine and amlodipine as add on therapy in hypertensive patients with chronic renal disease: a comparative study

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 2482
Author(s):  
Y. Nisha Maheswari ◽  
B. Meenakshi ◽  
V. Ramasubramanian D. M. ◽  
J. Ezhil Ramya
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Chronic Renal Disease ◽  
Creatinine Ratio ◽  
Urine Protein ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Spot Urine ◽  
Amlodipine Group ◽  
Group B

Background: Cilnidipine is a dual blocker of L type and N type calcium channel and dilates both afferent and efferent arterioles. Hence it increases renal blood flow and reduces glomerular pressure ultimately reducing proteinuria. Thus, it may exert renoprotective effects. The present study was designed to compare the antiproteinuric effects of cilnidipine and amlodipine in hypertensive patients with chronic kidney disease as add on therapy to patients on losartan.Methods: This is a randomized, open label, prospective, parallel group study conducted in the out patient Department of Nephrology. The trial enrolled Diabetic CKD patients with hypertension and with spot urine protein creatinine ratio (PCR) ≥0.2 who were being treated with T. Losartan 50mg/day for >2 months. The subjects were then randomly assigned to 2 groups to receive either cilnidipine 10-20mg/day (Group A-46) or amlodipine 5-10mg/day (Group B- 50). The drugs were given for a duration of 6 months for each patient. The dose of losartan (50mg/day) was not adjusted throughout the study.Results: After 6 months, a significant reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure was seen in both the groups. The decrease in urinary protein creatinine ratio was significantly higher in cilnidipine group rather than amlodipine group. Thus, cilnidipine exerted greater antiproteinuric effect than amlodipine.Conclusions: Cilnidipine has antihypertensive effect equivalent to amlodipine but addition of cilnidipine rather than amlodipine to losartan decreased urine protein excretion in diabetic chronic kidney disease patients.

scholarly journals Accuracy of spot urine protein creatinine ratio in measuring proteinuria in chronic kidney disease stage 3 and 4

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 428 ◽  
Author(s):  
RA Annigeri ◽  
V Vadamalai ◽  
R Seshadri ◽  
S Balasubramanian ◽  
BS Rao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease Stage ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Creatinine Ratio ◽  
Urine Protein ◽  
Spot Urine

scholarly journals Efficacy of a new dietary supplement in dogs with advanced chronic kidney disease

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9663
Author(s):  
Elisa Martello ◽  
Francesca Perondi ◽  
Maria Teresa Capucchio ◽  
Ilaria Biasato ◽  
Elena Biasibetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Dietary Supplement ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Creatinine Ratio ◽  
Serum Bicarbonate ◽  
Phosphorus Level ◽  
Urine Protein ◽  
Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common disease in elderly dogs. The present study aims to evaluate the efficacy of a dietary supplement containing calcium carbonate, calcium-lactate gluconate, chitosan and sodium bicarbonate in dogs with IRIS stage 3 of CKD. Twenty dogs were enrolled in the study, ten were administered the new dietary supplementation for 180 days (T group) while the others were used as control group (C group). Haematologic, biochemical and urinalysis were performed every 30 days. A significant reduction in the T group compared to the C group in serum phosphorus level and increase in serum bicarbonate and ionized calcium values were recorded. The urine protein-to-creatinine ratio (UPC) was significantly lower in the T group at the end of the study compared to the C group. The tested supplement could be considered as a supportive treatment for dogs with advanced CKD.

Abstract 33: Combination of Allogeneic Mesenchymal and Kidney-derived Stem Cells Promotes Kidney Repair in a Swine Model of Chronic Kidney Disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 121 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela C Rieger ◽  
Bryon A Tompkins ◽  
Makoto Natsumeda ◽  
Victoria Florea ◽  
Jose Rodriguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Renal Artery ◽  
Swine Model ◽  
Creatinine Ratio ◽  
Urine Protein ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has a high prevalence (~14% of the population) and is associated with a significantly increased risk of cardiovascular disease and a 15-fold higher rate of mortality than the general population. Current therapies slow disease progression but do not repair organ damage, leading to end-stage renal disease. Stem cell therapy has the potential to promote repair via neovascularization and antifibrotic effects. We tested the renal reparative capacity of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and kidney ckit+ stem cells (c-kit) in an established swine model of CKD. Methods: Yorkshires pigs (n=27) underwent 5/6 nephrectomy via renal artery embolization and 4-weeks later received either: MSC (10х10 6 ), c-kit (10х10 6 ), combination (MSC+c-kit; 1:1 ratio [5х10 6 each]), or placebo (each n=5). Allogeneic cell therapy was delivered via the patent renal artery of the remnant kidney. Kidney functional parameters and renal MRI were measured at baseline, and at 4- and 12-weeks (euthanasia) post-embolization. Results: The CKD model was validated from baseline to 4 weeks by an increased creatinine: (Δ1.1 ± 0.15 mg/dl; p<0.0001), BUN (Δ13.50 ± 2.99mg/dl; p=0.0003), and urine protein/creatinine ratio (Δ0.311mg/g; p=0.018), and decreased GFR (Δ49.82 ±6.41 ml/min; p=0.0002). Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was not different between groups from baseline to 4 weeks. After 12 weeks, there was a significant difference in MAP between groups (p=0.04), with an increase in the placebo group (19.97± 8.65 mmHg, p=0.08). BUN and creatinine levels improved in all of the groups from 4-12 weeks. GFR also improved in all the groups, but with the greatest effect in the combination group (76± 23.83ml/min; p= 0.03) from 4-12 weeks. Urine protein/creatinine ratio did not change in placebo but decreased in cell treated groups. There was no evidence of immune rejection as evaluated in a complete body necropsy. Conclusion: Allogeneic MSCs and kidney-derived stem cells are safe in a CKD swine model. The combination of stem cells was shown to be more efficacious in improving kidney function. These novel findings have important implications for the advancement of cell therapy for CKD.

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