Hybridity in the Vernacular: Nineteenth-Century Muslim Reform and Resistance

PMLA ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 132 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-178
Author(s):  
Maryam Wasif Khan
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
The State ◽  
Colonial Power ◽  
Large Collection ◽  
The Past ◽  
Colonial Culture ◽  
Colonial Experience ◽  
Theoretical Conception ◽  
Dark Space ◽  
Colonial Text

[W]hat attracted Nussooh's immediate attention was a cabinet of books. There was a large collection of volumes; but whether Persian or Urdu, all were of the same kind, equally indecent and irreligious. Looking to the beauty of the binding, the excellence of the lithography, the fineness of the paper, the elegance of the style, and the propriety of the diction, Kulleem's books made a valuable library, but their contents were mischievous and degrading; and after Nussooh had examined them one by one, he resolved to commit them also to the flames.—Nazir Ahmad, The Repentance of NussoohIn the past twenty-five years, no theoretical conception has summed up the complexity of the colonial experience, and the possibilities of its interpretation, as well as Homi K. Bhabha's “hybridity.” “he sign of the productivity of colonial power,” but also the “name for the strategic reversal of the process of domination through disavowal,” hybridity exposes the uncomfortable state in which colonial culture settled and expanded and, today, continues to beleaguer the state of being “postcolonial” (Bhabha 112). Signiied by the “discovery of the book,” hegemony was marked by the miracle of an object that was at once authoritative and unknowable, one that the supposedly unlettered native could hold in reverent hands (102). In the dark space of the native's hands and narrated within a native register, however, the “colonial text emerges uncertainly” (107). he intent to civilize and anglicize a body of social, religious, and aesthetic practices in the colony, then, is adulterated, perhaps even unconsciously resisted, once it is disseminated by way of the seemingly irrefutable book.

The Changing Landscape of the Past: New Histories in Thailand Since 1973

1995 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thongchai Winichakul
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
The State ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Historical Discourse ◽  
The Past ◽  
Late Nineteenth

Historical studies in Thailand have been closely related to the formation of the nation since the late nineteenth century, and until recently the pattern of the past in this elitist craft changed but little. It presented a royal/national chronicle, a historiography modern in character but based upon traditional perceptions of the past and traditional materials. It was a collection of stories by and for the national elite celebrating their successful mission of building and protecting the country despite great difficulties, and promising a prosperous future. The plot and meaning of this melodramatic past have become a paradigm of historical discourse, making history an ideological weapon and a source of legitimation of the state.

Military Orders in Nineteenth-Century Brazil: Portuguese Tradition, the Holy See, and the Independent Nation

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Borges Da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
The State ◽  
Colonial Power ◽  
Local Elites ◽  
Holy See ◽  
Pedro I ◽  
Military Orders ◽  
Shed Light

This article is a study of the controversial role of Portuguese military orders in Brazil, starting from that nation’s independence in 1822 and continuing through the nineteenth century, under both the first Emperor of Brazil, Dom Pedro I, and his son, Dom Pedro II. The debates around the presence of the orders, whose mission was rooted in both Portuguese colonial power and the authority of the Holy See, on Brazilian soil are important because they shed light on the process and nature of the growth of that nation’s independence. The government’s struggle to maintain the orders in Brazil, in spite of ongoing criticism, and only with the exertion of great diplomatic effort, demonstrates how necessary they were to the functioning of the state. The orders constituted an important source of income, yes, but they were valuable even more as ways of granting honor and prestige. Their presence allowed Dom Pedro I to unite the empire of Brazil by decorating local elites, thus securing their services and loyalty.

“To Make Them Serve”: The 1871 Transvaal Commission on African Labour as a Source for Agrarian History

2002 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 39-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan S. Bergh
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Race Relations ◽  
South African ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
The State ◽  
Preliminary Attempt ◽  
Industrial History ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of

In the past twenty to twenty-five years valuable contributions have been made to southern African agrarian history. Stanley Trapido's publications, for example, opened up stimulating perspectives on the processes and forces inherent to nineteenth-century Transvaal agrarian history. Although he was modest in his 1980 chapter, “Reflections on Land, Office, and Wealth in the South African Republic, 1850-1900,” and referred to it as “a tentative and preliminary attempt to outline some important aspects of these social relationships,” it has provided historians and others with an important instrument of analysis.However, there are still themes, regions, and periods that need attention, one of these being the central districts of the Transvaal before the industrial revolution. In this regard a little-known source which may contribute to our knowledge of the pre-industrial history of the Transvaal, and which will be published this year as an annotated source publication, should be taken note of. This is the 1871 Commission on African labor in the Zuid-Afrikaansche Republiek (ZAR). Despite the valuable information contained in its documents on agrarian history and various aspects of race relations, especially with regard to the central districts of the Transvaal, it has been neglected by historians in the past. Of the few historians who refer to the 1871 Commission, most have merely utilised the report of the commission and have probably missed the important testimonies, correspondence, and minutes. Very few have managed to locate these documents, which are concealed among the supplementary documents of the State Secretary for 1871 in the Transvaal Archives.

scholarly journals A Catalogue of the Fishes of Illinois

1878 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
David S. Jordan
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Natural History ◽  
The United States ◽  
The State ◽  
National Museum ◽  
Large Collection ◽  
Southern Illinois ◽  
United States National Museum ◽  
The Past ◽  
Past Summer

This catalogue is based primarily on the collections in the Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History, at Normal. These collections consist (a) of the material on which Mr. Nelson's list was based, and (b) of a large collection made by Professor Forbes during the past summer (1877), chiefly in the streams of southern Illinois. The writer's own collections in Illinois and adjacent states have also been drawn upon, as well as those contained in the United States National Museum. The various scattered notices of Illinois fishes have also been brought together as far as possible, thus giving all that is at present known of the distribution of the species within the limits of the state.

scholarly journals Legitimacy of Power: the View of French Liberalism in the second half of the XIX century

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-94
Author(s):  
S V Bochkarev
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
The State ◽  
The Past ◽  
Legal Science ◽  
Xix Century

The problem of the legitimacy of power is of great interest, both in domestic and in French legal science. In France over the past two centuries, there have been five republics, two empires, and various transitional regimes and forms of government. The end of the XVIII - first half of the XIX centuries in France is characterized by the most frequent changes in the state and legal sphere, which caused increased attention of researchers to the legitimacy or legitimacy of power. The contribution of representatives of the French liberal school of the second half of the XIX century is noted in the article in the development of the concept of legitimacy of power. The main approaches to this problem of the most prominent representatives of the French liberal school have been analyzed, whose work was significantly inf luenced by the conceptual formation of the concepts of legitimacy, in particular, and the legitimacy of power in general. It is noted that representatives of French liberalism of the second half of the nineteenth century considered the legitimacy of power in the discourse of the idea of justice, emphasizing the three elements that should be embodied in the state, which in turn should ensure the legitimization of power.

scholarly journals PARIWISATA CAGAR BUDAYA BENTENG PENDEM NGAWI

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-197
Author(s):  
Karyoto Karyoto
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
The State ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Colonial Power ◽  
Land Registration ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ownership Status ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Dutch Colonial

This research was conducted on the basis of existing facts, in the area of ​​the Regional Government of Ngawi Regency, East Java Province, there is one plot of land covering an area of: 158,798 M2 on which there is a building that was a legacy of the Dutch Knil Army, when the Dutch colonized Indonesia, namely Fort Pendem Ngawi.Pendem Ngawi Fortress by the Dutch, used as the headquarters of the Dutch Knil Army, to maintain colonial power in Indonesia, the location of the fort is located in Pelem Village, Ngawi District, Ngawi Regency, East Java Province, Indonesia.At the time of this research, the location of the land and buildings of the Pendem Ngawi Fortress, since Indonesian Independence on August 17, 1945, changed the ownership status from the Dutch Colonial to become the State assets / State Property of the Republic of Indonesia, in the past it was used for the Armed Para Ngawi Battalion, now it is Tourism locations for the public.Building Pandem Ngawi Fortress, in 1950 the Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Indonesia carried out mapping and drawing of land plans and buildings together with the Office of the National Land Agency (BPN) of Ngawi Regency, formerly known as the Head of the Land Registration Office (KKP) - Ngawi Agrarian Office.The ownership of the Pendem Ngawi Fort building becomes the State asset / wealth of the Republic of Indonesia, based on the Perpu No. 23 of 1959 concerning the Repeal of Law No. 74 year 1957 and set the State of Danger.The problems that will be studied are: Pendem Ngawi Fort becomes a public tourism and cultural heritage place.

scholarly journals The Effect of Social, Culture and Economy of Dampelas during Dutch and Banawa Hegemony

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Lukman Nadjamuddin
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Economic Aspects ◽  
Colonial Power ◽  
Social Culture ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
The Past ◽  
Late Nineteenth

This research tries to express that a problem of competition over Dampelas land must be seen in the context, namely the land is a combination of social, `~ cultural and economic aspects. Historical sources for this research are consisted in some archives, contemporary newspapers, journals and research rapports. The aim of it is to explain that Dampelas as a part of <em>Afdeling van Midden Celebes </em>in the past was under control of two powers, namely Banawa in Donggala and the Dutch colonial power, based in Makassar, then Manado. In the late nineteenth century and the early twentieth century, Dampelas was a strategic punt for the Dutch position in Banawa. Dutch tried to take over a control of all forest products in Dampelas, without any concession for local natives. Under King Lamarauna, the Dutch annexed Dampelas without any cost and ruled it as autonomy of Banawa. Lord of Dampelas got a freedom for ruling his land.

Unearthing Historical Violence in the Lives of Filipino Istambays Using Rizal’s Theory of the Colonial Philippines

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clarence M. Batan
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Public Policy ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
The Past ◽  
Colonial Experience ◽  
Jose Rizal ◽  
Historical Accounts

This essay introduces the concept of ‘historical violence’ in the lives of young Filipinos, especially those who are unemployed and referred to locally as the istambay (on standby) phenomenon. Drawing on the work of José Rizal, a nineteenth-century Filipino social thinker and activist, the essay offers a dialogue between the past and present locating the istambay phenomenon in the colonial experience of a nation. It argues for the necessity of historicizing violence, and recognizing the violent effects of colonialism, in order to understand and challenge stereotypes such as those regarding young Filipinos’ attitudes toward work. Historical accounts demonstrate how colonization continues to affect life stages such as youth. Rizal’s narratives of sustainability, precolonial history, and globalization are linked to current sociologies of youth, religion, and public policy.

‘v.’ Revisited: Harrison, Rimbaud and the French Radical Tradition

2019 ◽  
pp. 139-154
Author(s):  
Christine Regan
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Fundamental Change ◽  
Late Capitalism ◽  
Social Models ◽  
Political Poetry ◽  
Paris Commune ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World

In v. ‘Tony Harrison’ explains his essential identity as an unlikely union of high cultural poet and dispossessed vandal, an idiosyncratic loner who finds his ghostly twin in a nineteenth-century French poet, Rimbaud. To understand the significance of Harrison’s claim that he is as one in spirit with Rimbaud, it is important to remember that the literary and political rebel was a poet of the Paris Commune, and v. is responsive to the literary and republican history Rimbaud lived in. In v. Harrison’s signature poetics of occupation engages with Parisian’s aesthetic and political occupation of their city in 1871 and 'artisanal' political poetry. As poet-mythologers, Harrison and Rimbaud champion traditions of resistance to the state and capital, illuminating the shared hopes uniting different struggles. The significance of the 1984 miners’ strike, Thatcher, Marx and Morris for Harrison’s state of the nation poem, and for the political sonnets, is discussed too. v. suggests alternative social models to Thatcher’s neoliberal revolution and late capitalism in England, and suggests the wish for fundamental change. The past is full of paths not taken, and v. suggests visiting Paris 1871, with Rimbaud as ‘the first poet of a civilization that has not yet appeared’, to illuminate utopian possibilities about transforming the world and ‘changer la vie’.

Dressing Thai

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 112-128
Author(s):  
Kanjana Hubik Thepboriruk
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
The State ◽  
State Control ◽  
National Unity ◽  
Half Century ◽  
The Past ◽  
Global Status ◽  
Legal Consequences

Abstract Public attire and policies governing it have been a reoccurring feature of Siamese/Thai nation building since the nineteenth century. Clothing has been political instruments for rulers and regime in raising the global status of Siam and Siamese Kings, transforming the Kingdom of Siam into the Nation of Thailand, reviving the popularity of the monarchy, promoting national unity, and provoking political opponents. Their collective efforts during the past one and half century gradually normalised the policing of Thai bodies and increased the state control of public attire in service of the Nation. Today, despite such attire no longer being criminalised, the possible negative political, social, economic, and legal consequences of non-conformity continue to drive Thais to accept the State’s ‘invitation’ to use their bodies in promoting its agenda.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document