THE FATE OF EOSINOPHILS IN HORMONALLY INDUCED EOSINOPENIA AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE

1952 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Z. GODLOWSKI
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Clotting ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Protein Molecule ◽  
Epithelial Lining ◽  
Unknown Mechanism ◽  
Antigenic Proteins ◽  
Intracellular Metabolism ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Blood Eosinophils

1. It is suggested that some of the circulating blood eosinophils are originally produced in the epithelial lining of the lower parts of the intestinal crypts, mainly in the small intestine but to a lesser extent in the colon. This cellular reaction may result from the penetration by the antigenic unsplit protein molecule from the lumen of the intestine into the epithelial cells, transforming these into new histological and biological units. 2. This process takes place in the normal intestinal mucosa. It is strongly intensified by the ingestion of antigenic proteins and various traumata inflicted on the intestinal canal. 3. White mice fed with de-antigenized proteins do not form a lymphocytic barrier in the lamina propria mucosae; eosinophils do not appear there until antigenic proteins are introduced into the diet. 4. Heparinization to a higher level than is required for the prevention of blood clotting, done prior to the injection of hormones causing eosinopenia, abolishes or significantly diminishes circulating eosinopenia or may actually increase the number of circulating eosinophils. Fluctuations result from two independent actions: mobilization of tissue eosinophils by heparin, and destruction of eosinophils by steroids in the circulating blood. 5. The eosinolytic action of adrenocortical steroids results from mediation in the catabolic phase of the intracellular metabolism of proteins. This action has been demonstrated in all white cells of the blood. 6. Hormonally induced eosinopenia, in men and in dogs, results from the eosinolysis which takes place in the blood. The other white blood cells are also affected by the same action. The final number of polymorphs is masked by their mobilization set up by cortical steroids through some unknown mechanism. Lymphocytes are less sensitive than eosinophils to the lytic action of cortical steroids.

scholarly journals Effects of water pH on physiological parameters and color changes of Asian Bumblebee Catfish (Pseudomystus siamensis Regan, 1913)

2019 ◽  
Vol 02 ◽  
pp. 78-87
Author(s):  
Tuan V. Vo
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Color Change ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Cumulative Mortality ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Mortality Ratio ◽  
Set Up

Effects of water pH on blood physiological parameters and color change of Asian bumblebee catfish (Pseudomystus siamensis) (4 – 6 g/fish) were carried out in laboratory condition. The experiment was set up in 8 weeks at different pH water levels (pH = 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11). The results have shown that the cumulative mortality ratio of Asian bumblebee catfish at the end of 24 h challenge was 100% at pH = 11, 70.83% at pH = 10, and 62.5% at pH = 3. No mortality of fish was observed at pH = 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 after 24 h of the challenge. The lowest and highest pH threshold that killed 50% of fish after 24 h of the challenge were 3.04 and 9.95, respectively. After 24 h of the challenge, total number of red and white blood cells of fish increased at pH = 3, 9, 10, and get the highest level at pH = 3 (1.87 × 106 cells/mm3 and 1.59 × 105 cells/mm3, respectively. At the end of the challenge, highest number of red and white blood cells were observed at pH = 8 (2 ± 0.23 × 106 cells/mm3 and 1.27 ± 0.26 × 105 cells/mm3, respectively). Fish were in bright and beautiful color when cultured in high pH water levels.

scholarly journals STUDIES ON THE PATHOGENESIS OF ACUTE INFLAMMATION

1960 ◽  
Vol 111 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred Allison ◽  
Margie G. Lancaster
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Clotting ◽  
Acute Inflammation ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
Low Levels

The relation of intravascular fibrin to the leucocytic sticking reaction in ear chambers of rabbits injured by heat was investigated in two ways. First, attempts were made to destroy the thin layer of fibrin believed to coat the surfaces of cells involved in the sticking reaction. Second, white cell sticking was studied after fibrinogen had been removed from the blood stream. The results of these experiments were as follows:— 1. Activation of fibrinolysin in vivo by streptokinase did not impair sticking of white blood cells. 2. Administration of streptokinase parenterally did not lower fibrinogen blood levels appreciably even when the amount used was large. 3. Thromboplastin infusions alone reduced circulating fibrinogen to low levels but leucocytic sticking was not prevented. Furthermore, frequent death of animals due to pulmonary embolism made such experiments prohibitive. 4. Addition of streptokinase to thromboplastin infusions protected against embolic deaths but did not influence sticking even though the fibrinogen levels achieved were quite low. 5. Finally, when thrombin was added to infusions of thromboplastin and streptokinase, no circulating fibrinogen could be detected. Under such circumstances leucocytic sticking following heat injury occurred without reduction. These findings were interpreted as evidence against a primary role of the blood clotting mechanism in causing the sticking of white blood cells to injured endothelium. Alternative explanations were discussed.

scholarly journals The effect of domestic effluent on growth and haematological parameters of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) (Pisces; Clariidae)

2020 ◽  
pp. 129-136
Author(s):  
Asiata Adekilekun Kolawole ◽  
Reuben Ataitiya ◽  
Quazim Olawale Junaid ◽  
Abdur-Rahman Kolawole Mustapha
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Toxicological Effect ◽  
Domestic Effluents ◽  
Set Up ◽  
And Control ◽  
Domestic Effluent

Esta investigación determina el efecto toxicológico de efluentes domésticos en los parámetros sanguíneos de Clarias gariepinus. Se realizaron cuatro tratamientos: Control, 30, 50 y 70 mlL-1. Cada tratamiento fue por triplicado. Se produjeron cambios de comportamiento en los peces expuestos a 50 y 70 mlL-1 del efluente, y no se observó ninguno en los peces Control y los tratados con 30 mlL-1. Hubo diferencias significativas en la ganancia media de peso y longitud entre los peces expuestos al tratamiento y el control. Hubo una reducción significativa (p < 0.05) de los glóbulos rojos. Los glóbulos blancos, el hematocrito, el volumen corpuscular medio y la hemoglobina de los peces expuestos fueron significativamente más altos que en el control (p < 0,05). Los resultados de este estudio sugieren que los efluentes domésticos pueden afectar. This research determines the toxicological effect of domestic effluents on blood parameters of Clarias gariepinus. Four treatment were set up: Control, 30, 50 and 70mlL-1 . Each treatment was done in triplicate. There were behavioral changes in fishes exposed to 50 and 70 mlL-1 of the effluent while none was observed in Control fishes and fishes undergone 30 mlL-1. There were significant differences in the Mean Weight and Mean Length Gain between the fishes exposed to treatment and Control fishes. There was significant reduction in the red blood cells (p < 0.05). White blood cells, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume and haemoglobin in the fishes exposed were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than Control. Results from this study suggests that domestic effluents can negatively affect the growth and haematology of fishes.

scholarly journals ЗМІНИ В КРОВІ ЩУРІВ ПІСЛЯ ІМУНІЗАЦІЇ ПРЕПАРАТОМ «ЛЕЙКОЗАВ» ПРОТИ ЛЕЙКОЗУ ВЕЛИКОЇ РОГАТОЇ ХУДОБИ

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (3(70)) ◽  
pp. 103-108
Author(s):  
A.I. Zaviriukha ◽  
O.I. Vischu ◽  
H.A. Zaviriukha
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Unit Volume ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Statistical Error ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Unit ◽  
Blood Eosinophils ◽  
Experimental Group

The article presents the results of research of hematological blood of rats under the influence of the drug «Leykozav» against bovine leukemia. Experienced animal drug «Leykozav» introduce twice at an interval of 14 days at 0.5 cm3.Before the introduction and after the introduction of studied hematologic parameters: the number of white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets and their indices, the hemoglobin content.According to the research found that the number of red blood cells, hemoglobin and hematocrit values are reduced to within statistical error, and no adverse effects on the health of laboratory animals.The introduction of the drug «Leykozav» rats did not cause any significant changes in terms of platelet indices in the blood of animals on the seventh day after the inoculation.The decrease number of segmented neutrophils and increase in the number of lymphocytes in the blood unit volume (1 at 14 and 30 days after inoculation (r < 0.05 – 0.01) increase the number of monocytes and 1,6 times at 30 days after immunization (r < 0,05) compared to before vaccination period.Influenced «Leykozav» preparation two weeks after immunization animals increases the amount of blood basophils (2 – 2,5 mkl). Compared with the control group of animals of the experimental group of blood eosinophils of rats indices are within physiological norms. 

Ultrastructural changes in murine lymphoma cells exposed to ultraviolet-A radiation

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 104-105
Author(s):  
Delma P. Thomas ◽  
Dianne E. Godar
Keyword(s):  
Medical Devices ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Ultraviolet A ◽  
Uv Spectrum ◽  
Lymphoma Cells ◽  
Murine Lymphoma ◽  
Transmission Electron

Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) from all three waveband regions of the UV spectrum, UVA (320-400 nm), UVB (290-320 nm), and UVC (200-290 nm), can be emitted by some medical devices and consumer products. Sunlamps can expose the blood to a considerable amount of UVR, particularly UVA and/or UVB. The percent transmission of each waveband through the epidermis to the dermis, which contains blood, increases in the order of increasing wavelength: UVC (10%) < UVB (20%) < UVA (30%). To investigate the effects of UVR on white blood cells, we chose transmission electron microscopy to examine the ultrastructure changes in L5178Y-R murine lymphoma cells.

The Effect of Red Blood Cells on the ADP-induced Aggregation of Human Platelets in Flow Through Tubes

1990 ◽  
Vol 63 (01) ◽  
pp. 112-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
David N Bell ◽  
Samira Spain ◽  
Harry L Goldsmith
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Shear Rate ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Mean Transit Time ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Aggregate Size ◽  
Human Platelets ◽  
Induced Aggregation

SummaryThe effect of red blood cells, rbc, and shear rate on the ADPinduced aggregation of platelets in whole blood, WB, flowing through polyethylene tubing was studied using a previously described technique (1). Effluent WB was collected into 0.5% glutaraldehyde and the red blood cells removed by centrifugation through Percoll. At 23°C the rate of single platelet aggregtion was upt to 9× greater in WB than previously found in platelet-rich plasma (2) at mean tube shear rates Ḡ = 41.9,335, and 1,920 s−1, and at both 0.2 and 1.0 µM ADP. At 0.2 pM ADP, the rate of aggregation was greatest at Ḡ = 41.9 s−1 over the first 1.7 s mean transit time through the flow tube, t, but decreased steadily with time. At Ḡ ≥335 s−1 the rate of aggregation increased between t = 1.7 and 8.6 s; however, aggregate size decreased with increasing shear rate. At 1.0 µM ADP, the initial rate of single platelet aggregation was still highest at Ḡ = 41.9 s1 where large aggregates up to several millimeters in diameter containing rbc formed by t = 43 s. At this ADP concentration, aggregate size was still limited at Ḡ ≥335 s−1 but the rate of single platelet aggregation was markedly greater than at 0.2 pM ADP. By t = 43 s, no single platelets remained and rbc were not incorporated into aggregates. Although aggregate size increased slowly, large aggregates eventually formed. White blood cells were not significantly incorporated into aggregates at any shear rate or ADP concentration. Since the present technique did not induce platelet thromboxane A2 formation or cause cell lysis, these experiments provide evidence for a purely mechanical effect of rbc in augmenting platelet aggregation in WB.

White blood cells levels and PCOS: direct and indirect relationship with insulin resistance, but not with hyperandogenemia

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Papalou ◽  
Sarantis Livadas ◽  
Athanasios Karachalios ◽  
Nektarios Benetatos ◽  
George Boutzios ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Indirect Relationship

Endogenous Heparinoids Detected by anti-Xa Activity are Present in Blood during Acute Variceal Bleeding in Cirrhosis. A Prospective Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christos Triantos ◽  
Emmanuel Louvros ◽  
Maria Kalafateli ◽  
Anne Riddell ◽  
Ulrich Thalheimer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Variceal Bleeding ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Venous Pressure ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
International Normalized Ratio ◽  
Ulcer Bleeding ◽  
Factor X ◽  
Packed Red Blood Cells ◽  
Bacterial Peritonitis

Background & Aims: Endogenous heparinoids have been detected by thromboelastography and quantified by clotting based anti-Xa activity assays in patients with cirrhosis, but their presence in variceal bleeding has not been established yet.Methods: Clotting based anti-Xa activity was measured in A) 30 cirrhotics with variceal bleeding, B) 15 noncirrhotics with peptic ulcer bleeding, C) 10 cirrhotics without infection or bleeding, and D) 10 cirrhotics with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Results: Anti-Xa activity was not detected in ulcer bleeders or in cirrhotics without infection or bleedingbut was present in seven (23%) variceal bleeders (median levels: 0.03 u/mL (0.01-0.07)) and was quantifiable for 3 days in six of seven patients. Four of seven variceal bleeders with anti-Xa activity present had HCC (p=0.023). Age, creatinine, platelet count and total infections the second day from admission were significantly correlated with the presence of measureable anti-Xa levels (p=0.014, 0.032, 0.004 and 0.019, respectively). In the HCC group, anti-Xa activity was present in three patients (30%) [median levels: 0.05 u/mL (0.01-0.06)].Conclusions: In this study, variceal bleeders and 30% of the patients with HCC had endogenous heparinoids that were detected by a clotting based anti-Xa activity assay, whereas there was no anti Xa activity present in patients with cirrhosis without infection, or bleeding or HCC, nor in those with ulcer bleeding. Thus, the anti-Xa activity is likely to be a response to bacterial infection and/or presence of HCC in cirrhosis.List of abbreviations: AFP, alpha-fetoprotein; aPTT, activated partial thromboplastin time; CP, Child-Pugh; FXa, activated factor X; GAGS, glycosaminoglycans; Hb, hemoglobin; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; HVPG, hepatic venous pressure gradient; INR, International normalized ratio; LMWHs, low molecular weight heparins; MELD, Model for End-stage Liver Disease; PPP, platelet-poor plasma; PRBC, packed red blood cells; PT, prothrombin time; SBP, sponataneous bacterial peritonitis; TEG, thromboelastography; WBC, white blood cells.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document