scholarly journals The effect of domestic effluent on growth and haematological parameters of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) (Pisces; Clariidae)

2020 ◽  
pp. 129-136
Author(s):  
Asiata Adekilekun Kolawole ◽  
Reuben Ataitiya ◽  
Quazim Olawale Junaid ◽  
Abdur-Rahman Kolawole Mustapha
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Toxicological Effect ◽  
Domestic Effluents ◽  
Set Up ◽  
And Control ◽  
Domestic Effluent

Esta investigación determina el efecto toxicológico de efluentes domésticos en los parámetros sanguíneos de Clarias gariepinus. Se realizaron cuatro tratamientos: Control, 30, 50 y 70 mlL-1. Cada tratamiento fue por triplicado. Se produjeron cambios de comportamiento en los peces expuestos a 50 y 70 mlL-1 del efluente, y no se observó ninguno en los peces Control y los tratados con 30 mlL-1. Hubo diferencias significativas en la ganancia media de peso y longitud entre los peces expuestos al tratamiento y el control. Hubo una reducción significativa (p < 0.05) de los glóbulos rojos. Los glóbulos blancos, el hematocrito, el volumen corpuscular medio y la hemoglobina de los peces expuestos fueron significativamente más altos que en el control (p < 0,05). Los resultados de este estudio sugieren que los efluentes domésticos pueden afectar. This research determines the toxicological effect of domestic effluents on blood parameters of Clarias gariepinus. Four treatment were set up: Control, 30, 50 and 70mlL-1 . Each treatment was done in triplicate. There were behavioral changes in fishes exposed to 50 and 70 mlL-1 of the effluent while none was observed in Control fishes and fishes undergone 30 mlL-1. There were significant differences in the Mean Weight and Mean Length Gain between the fishes exposed to treatment and Control fishes. There was significant reduction in the red blood cells (p < 0.05). White blood cells, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume and haemoglobin in the fishes exposed were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than Control. Results from this study suggests that domestic effluents can negatively affect the growth and haematology of fishes.

scholarly journals Effects of Fruits of Lapsi (Nepali Hog Plum) Choerospondias axillaris (roxb.) b.l.Burtt & a.w.Hill on Some Blood Parameters of Major Carp rohu Labeo rohita(H) During Intensive Aquaculture

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 186-195
Author(s):  
Shubha Ratna Shakya ◽  
Shyam Narayan Labh
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Labeo Rohita ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fish Feeds ◽  
Intensive Aquaculture ◽  
And Control

 The complete blood cell count (CBC) is an important and powerful diagnostic tool to monitor the health status of fish in response to changes related to nutrition, water quality, and disease in response to therapy.Thus, the present study was about to know the effect of lapsi fruit pulp (Choerospondias axillaris) on some blood parameters in the fingerlings of rohu Labeo rohita cultured in Corona of Agriculture Hatchery farm, Chitwan, Nepal. Altogether eighteen hapas made of heavy-duty nylon net (1.5m3) were kept and placed inside the pond, distributed linearly, and then 270 fingerlings (@15 fishes/ hapa) were kept distributed randomly. Six practical diets like T1 (0.0 g kg-1), T2 (0.1 g kg-1), T3 (0.2 g kg-1), T4 (0.4 g kg-1), T5 (0.8 g kg-1) and T6 (1.6 g kg-1) were prepared. Feed containing 40% protein was supplemented with the ethanol extract of lapsi fruits. At the end of 90 days of the feeding trial, a significant difference (P< 0.05) in blood parameters were observed between the treated and control diet-fed groups. Hemoglobin (Hb), white blood cells (WBCs), red blood cells (RBCs), packed cell volume (PCV), and other erythrocyte indices were recorded higher in the treated groups. RBC, WBC, Hct, and Hb were found significantly higher in the T4 (0.4 %) diet-fed group. The study showed a minimum of 0.4 % (0.4g kg-1) lapsi fruit extract needed in fish feeds to increase blood parameters to enhance growth and immunity.

scholarly journals Hematological, Biochemical and Biometric Changes in Clarias Gariepinus Exposed to Antipsychotic Drug Chlorpromazine

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martins Nnamdi Okpe ◽  
Christabel Chukwuebuka Eze ◽  
Hope Chinwe Ezinwa ◽  
Uduak Aletan ◽  
Henrietta Ijeoma Kelle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Condition Factor ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Hepatosomatic Index ◽  
Exposed Fish ◽  
Toxicological Effect ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Utmost Care

Abstract Chlorpromazine (CPZ) is a neuroleptic and antipsychotic medication for individuals suffering from schizophrenia and other medical conditions. This study investigated the effects of CPZ on the hematological, biochemical, and biometric characteristics in juvenile Clarias gariepinus. The fish were exposed to 0.53, 1.06 and 2.11 mgl−1 CPZ for 15 days after which they were withdrawn from the toxicant and allowed to recover for 5 days. Blood were sampled from the fish on day 1, 5, 10, 15 and during the 5-day recovering for hematological and biochemical analysis and thereafter, the fish were sacrificed for the morphometric analysis. While the values of the white blood cells significantly increased in the exposed fish, the hemoglobin, erythrocytes and packed cell volume decreased. Compared with the control, there were no significant differences in the values of the blood derivatives in the exposed fish. The values of protein and glucose reduced but that of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase were significantly elevated. Though there was no significant difference in the condition factor, a significant increase in hepatosomatic index occurred on day-15 at 5.28 mg/L CPZ. After the 5-day withdrawal from the drug, most of the studied parameters returned to the control values. The present study indicated that CPZ is toxic to fish and should be used with utmost care to guard against toxicological effect on non-target organisms.

scholarly journals Toxicity bioassay and sub-lethal effects of diazinon on blood profile and histology of liver, gills and kidney of catfish, Clarias gariepinus

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 326-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Al-Otaibi ◽  
H. F. A. Al-Balawi ◽  
Z. Ahmad ◽  
E. M. Suliman
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Blood Profile ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Blood Indices ◽  
Secondary Lamellae ◽  
Wbc Count

Abstract The catfish, Clarias gariepinus, was exposed to different acute concentrations (5-10 mg/l) of diazinon and the Lc50 value was recorded as high as 7.3 mg/l for 96 hours. The fishes exposed to three sub-lethal levels of diazinon (0.73, 1.095 and 1.46 mg/l) for 30 days showed that the pesticide induces changes in different blood parameters. Number of red blood cells (RBC), haemoglobin level and haematocrit values were elevated whereas white blood cells (WBC) count was reduced. Various blood indices like mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobine (MCH) and mean corpuscular haemoglobine concentration (MCHC) vary insignificantly in the fish treated with diazinon. Glucose level and activity level of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was increased in Clarias gariepinus exposed to diazinon. Protein level in plasma of fish treated with pesticide was changed but the change was insignificant. Histological changes in the liver, gills and kidney of fishes exposed to diazinon were apparent when compared to control. Hepatocytes necrosis and bleeding were more distinct in the fishes exposed to pesticide. Glomerulus hypertrophy and bleeding in kidneys; and fusion and degeneration of secondary lamellae and epithelial hyperplasia in gills were also observed in the exposed fish.

scholarly journals Profile of cortisol, glycaemia, and blood parameters of American Bullfrog tadpoles Lithobates catesbeianus exposed to density and hypoxia stressors

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 91-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia C. Teixeira ◽  
Danielle C. Dias ◽  
Guilherme C. Rocha ◽  
Antônio M. Antonucci ◽  
Fernanda M. França ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Air Exposure ◽  
Physiological Profile ◽  
Lithobates Catesbeianus ◽  
American Bullfrog ◽  
Physiological Alterations ◽  
Significant Difference

The aim of this study was to evaluate alterations to the physiological profile (cortisol, glycaemia, and blood parameters) of Lithobates catesbeianus caused by the stressors density and hypoxia. The organisms were in the prometamorphosis stage and exposed to different tadpole densities: 1 tadpole/L (T1), 5 tadpoles/L (T2), and 10 tadpoles/L (T3) for 12 days. The blood was collected through the rupture of the caudal blood vessel and collected under normoxia (immediate collection) and hypoxia (after 15 minutes of air exposure) conditions. Cortisol levels rose on the fourth and eighth days of treatment and returned to basal levels by the end of the experiment. The stressor mechanisms tested did not affect glycaemia. White blood cells (total number of lymphocytes, neutrophils, and eosinophils) showed a significant difference at the twelfth day of the experiment when compared with the start of the experiment. We concluded that, under controlled conditions, a density of up to 10 tadpoles/L and air exposure for 15 minutes did not cause harmful physiological alterations during the experimental period. The answer to these stressors maybe was in another hormonal level (corticosterone).

scholarly journals Critical requirement for Stat5 in a mouse model of polycythemia vera

Blood ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 119 (15) ◽  
pp. 3539-3549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongqing Yan ◽  
Robert E. Hutchison ◽  
Golam Mohi
Keyword(s):  
Polycythemia Vera ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Myeloproliferative Neoplasms ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Primary Myelofibrosis ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Critical Function ◽  
Critical Requirement ◽  
Multiple Signaling

The JAK2V617F mutation has been identified in most cases of Ph-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) including polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET), and primary myelofibrosis (PMF). Expression of JAK2V617F results in constitutive activation of multiple signaling molecules/pathways. However, the key signaling downstream of JAK2V617F required for transformation and induction of MPNs remains elusive. Using a mouse genetic strategy, we show here that Stat5 is absolutely required for the pathogenesis of PV induced by Jak2V617F. Whereas expression of Jak2V617F in mice resulted in all the features of human PV, including an increase in red blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, white blood cells, platelets, and splenomegaly, deletion of Stat5 in the Jak2V617F knockin mice normalized all the blood parameters and the spleen size. Furthermore, deletion of Stat5 completely abrogated erythropoietin (Epo)–independent erythroid colony formation evoked by Jak2V617F, a hallmark feature of PV. Re-expression of Stat5 in Stat5-deficient Jak2V617F knockin mice completely rescued the defects in transformation of hematopoietic progenitors and the PV phenotype. Together, these results indicate a critical function for Stat5 in the pathogenesis of PV. These findings also provide strong support for the development of Stat5 inhibitors as targeted therapies for the treatment of PV and other JAK2V617F-positive MPNs.

THE FATE OF EOSINOPHILS IN HORMONALLY INDUCED EOSINOPENIA AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE

1952 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Z. GODLOWSKI
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Clotting ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Protein Molecule ◽  
Epithelial Lining ◽  
Unknown Mechanism ◽  
Antigenic Proteins ◽  
Intracellular Metabolism ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Blood Eosinophils

1. It is suggested that some of the circulating blood eosinophils are originally produced in the epithelial lining of the lower parts of the intestinal crypts, mainly in the small intestine but to a lesser extent in the colon. This cellular reaction may result from the penetration by the antigenic unsplit protein molecule from the lumen of the intestine into the epithelial cells, transforming these into new histological and biological units. 2. This process takes place in the normal intestinal mucosa. It is strongly intensified by the ingestion of antigenic proteins and various traumata inflicted on the intestinal canal. 3. White mice fed with de-antigenized proteins do not form a lymphocytic barrier in the lamina propria mucosae; eosinophils do not appear there until antigenic proteins are introduced into the diet. 4. Heparinization to a higher level than is required for the prevention of blood clotting, done prior to the injection of hormones causing eosinopenia, abolishes or significantly diminishes circulating eosinopenia or may actually increase the number of circulating eosinophils. Fluctuations result from two independent actions: mobilization of tissue eosinophils by heparin, and destruction of eosinophils by steroids in the circulating blood. 5. The eosinolytic action of adrenocortical steroids results from mediation in the catabolic phase of the intracellular metabolism of proteins. This action has been demonstrated in all white cells of the blood. 6. Hormonally induced eosinopenia, in men and in dogs, results from the eosinolysis which takes place in the blood. The other white blood cells are also affected by the same action. The final number of polymorphs is masked by their mobilization set up by cortical steroids through some unknown mechanism. Lymphocytes are less sensitive than eosinophils to the lytic action of cortical steroids.

scholarly journals Experimental infections of baboons (Papio spp.) and vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops) with Trichinella zimbabwensis and successful treatment with ivermectin

2008 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mukaratirwa ◽  
B. M. Dzoma ◽  
E. Matenga ◽  
S. D. Ruziwa ◽  
L. Sacchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Post Infection ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Cercopithecus Aethiops ◽  
Vervet Monkeys ◽  
Muscular Pain ◽  
Normal Ranges

Experimental Trichinella zimbabwensis infections were established in three baboons (Papios p.)and four vervet monkeys (Cercopithecuase thiops) and the clinical-pathological manifestations assessed. The infected animals showed clinical signs ranging from fever, diarrhoea, periorbitaol edema and muscular pain in varying degrees. One baboon became blind due to the infection. Levels of creatinine phosphokinase and lactated ehydrogenase increased to reach a peak on Day 42 post-infection(pi)for both baboons and monkeys. Blood parameters such as packed cell volume, levels of red blood cells and white blood cells did not change significantly from the normal ranges except for the levels of eosinophils which peaked above the normal ranges at Day 28 and 56 pi in baboons and at Day 56 pi in monkeys.

Biochemical and haematological changes associated with short periods of work in draught oxen

1989 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 375-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Anne Pearson ◽  
R. F. Archibald
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Haematological Changes ◽  
Work Done ◽  
Friesian Cattle

ABSTRACTBlood samples were taken from three Brahman × Friesian cattle while they walked for 1 h daily on a treadmill pulling 20 or 25 kg weights suspended in a cage. Heart rate and energy expenditure during work were closely correlated. The work had no significant effect on blood levels of red cells, haemoglobin, packed cell volume, total protein, albumin, glycerol, urea, Mg, Ca, Na, K and chloride. White blood cells, glucose, lactate, free fatty acids, P-hydroxybutyrate and inorganic phosphate were affected by work although the changes were shortlived and values had returned to resting levels 75 min after work finished. The changes were similar in each animal and indicated work done by draught cattle is largely at a submaximal level. Apart from lactate no blood parameters were identified that could be usefully used to compare performance.

Reference Values for Selected Blood Parameters in Rabbits: Effects of Age and Physiological Status

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Argente ◽  
D. M. Abad-Salazar ◽  
E. M. Bermejo-González ◽  
M. L. Garcíaz ◽  
A. López-Palazón
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Immune Challenge ◽  
Leukocyte Counts ◽  
Over Time

Rabbit is widely used as an experimental animal model in infectious and non-infectious diseases. The haematologic data can be helpful in evaluating the health status of animals over time. The aim of this study was to determine the levels of red blood cells (RBC), white blood cells (WBC) and differential leukocyte counts in 5 nulliparous and 5 multiparous females, i.e. in young and older animals, at mating and at delivery. The values of RBC did not change with age, but WBC and lymphocytes decreased with age, a -33% and a -60% less in multiparous females than nulliparous ones. Monocytes count was double at delivery than at mating. In conclusion, aging on the immune system is manifested as reduction in production of mature lymphocytes and as a result, older females would not respond to immune challenge as robustly as the young ones. Physiological status is only related to production of monocytes.

scholarly journals The utility of basic blood counts, WBC histogram and C-reactive protein in detecting malaria

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Nishimura ◽  
Parag Dharap ◽  
Sebastien Raimbault
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Malaria Infection ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Hematology Analyzer ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background Hematology analyzers display abnormal parameters during malaria infection providing insightful information for suspecting and assessing malaria infection. The goal of this study is to demonstrate the potential of a three-part differential hematology analyzer to assess malaria, provide information about the parasitemia, and discuss the importance of combining C-reactive protein (CRP) with hematology parameters to obtain further information about the malaria infection. Methods The present study shows the results of a case–control study during the monsoon season of years 2018 and 2019 in Mumbai, India. The study considers 1008 non-malaria febrile cases, 209 P. vivax and 31 P. falciparum positive malaria samples, five cases of mixed P. vivax and P. falciparum infection, and three co-infection cases of P. vivax and dengue. Raw data from the three-part analyzer LC-667G CRP (HORIBA) and the corresponding microscopic findings (golden standard for diagnosis of malaria) were obtained for each sample. Results The medians of platelet counts (PLT) were 102.5, 109.0, and 223.0 × 103/µL, while CRP medians were 67.4, 81.4 and 10.4 mg/L in P. vivax, P. falciparum and control groups respectively (p < 0.001 in Mann–Whitney U tests between malaria and control groups). Compared with negative samples, platelets counting less than 161.5 × 103/µL were observed on malaria patients (OR 19.12, 95% CI 11.89–30.75). Especially in P. vivax cases, an abnormal peak was frequently observed in the white blood cells (WBC) histogram around the 37fL channel. The events counted around that channel showed a linear correlation with the counting of red blood cells infected predominantly with larger parasitic forms. Parameters like CRP (rs = 0.325, p < 0.001), WBC (rs = 0.285, p < 0.001) and PLT (rs = − 0.303, p < 0.001) were correlated with the parasitemia of P. vivax samples. Between the malaria and dengue groups, the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was observed on CRP (0.867, CRP ≥ 26.85 mg/L). Conclusions A three-part differential hematology analyzer has the potential to not only trigger malaria diagnosis confirmation but also assess the severity of the infection when CRP is considered.

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