EFFECT OF RELAXIN ON OESTROGEN-INDUCED UTERINE LUMINAL FLUID ACCUMULATION IN THE OVARIECTOMIZED RAT

1974 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. G. KENNEDY
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Subcutaneous Injection ◽  
Single Injection ◽  
Daily Treatment ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Ovariectomized Rat ◽  
Fluid Loss ◽  
Fluid Accumulation ◽  
Single Subcutaneous Injection ◽  
Fluid Formation

SUMMARY Uterine luminal fluid accumulation (ULFA) was induced in ovariectomized rats by twice daily treatment for 3 days with 0·5 μg oestradiol-17β. At the end of this treatment, rats were given a single subcutaneous injection of 0·2 ml 0·9% saline containing 0, 0·1, 1, 10, or 100 guinea-pig units (GPU) of relaxin, and ULFA was determined 15–17 h thereafter. It was reduced in animals receiving ≥ 1 GPU relaxin. This reduction in ULFA commenced 12 h after treatment of rats with 10 GPU relaxin, and was completed by 24 h. Ligation of the cervical end of the uterus prevented the loss of fluid in response to a single injection of relaxin, indicating the cervix as the route of fluid loss. Uterine luminal fluid accumulation was reduced to a greater extent by treatment of rats with 1 mg progesterone than by 10 GPU relaxin. Given concomitantly with oestrogen, relaxin had no effect on ULFA in horns which were ligated at the cervical end, indicating that relaxin did not inhibit luminal fluid formation. It is concluded from these results that the effects of progesterone on ULFA are not mediated by relaxin. The results, however, do not allow rejection of the hypothesis that the effect of prolactin on ULFA is mediated by relaxin.

HORMONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR THE MAINTENANCE OF OESTRADIOL-INDUCED INHIBITION OF UTERINE SENSITIVITY IN THE OVARIECTOMIZED RAT

1970 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. P. MEYERS
Keyword(s):  
Subcutaneous Injection ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Ovariectomized Rat ◽  
Single Subcutaneous Injection ◽  
The Third ◽  
Oestradiol Treatment ◽  
Progesterone Treatment ◽  
Endometrial Scratching

SUMMARY Ovariectomized rats treated with 2·5 or 5·0 mg. progesterone daily received a single subcutaneous injection of 0·2 μg. oestradiol on the third day of the progesterone treatment. The deciduomal response to trauma by endometrial scratching was used to determine the degree of uterine sensitivity at various times after oestradiol. Uterine sensitivity was partially and then completely lost 36 and 48 hr. after oestradiol administration. The inhibition of uterine sensitivity persisted until 9 and 11 days after oestradiol when the animals received 2·5 and 5·0 mg. progesterone daily. Uterine sensitivity was completely inhibited on day 11 with doses of oestradiol from 0·2 to 0·05 μg. Withdrawal of progesterone treatment for 48 or 72 hr., but not for 24 hr., after oestradiol treatment restored uterine sensitivity. These results show that the oestradiol-induced inhibition of uterine sensitivity in the progestational endometrium is maintained by continuous progesterone treatment and that the duration of this effect is dependent on the dose of progesterone given.

scholarly journals Features of experimental modeling of tuberculosis in guinea pig with the participation of N'-(2-(5-((thephylline-7' yl)methyl)-4-R-1,2,4-triazole- ylthio)acethyl)isonicotinohydrazide

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 191-194
Author(s):  
A.S. Gotsulya ◽  
V.V. Zazhzharskiy ◽  
P.O. Davidenko
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Subcutaneous Injection ◽  
Subcutaneous Administration ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Single Subcutaneous Injection ◽  
Morphological Abnormalities ◽  
Veterinary Practice ◽  
High Degree

In this study, no toxic effects were detected after single subcutaneous injection of 40 mg/kg tadpoles. The results of macro- and microscopic examination of the internal organs 14 days after single subcutaneous administration of N'-(2-(5-((thephylline-7'-yl)methyl)-4-ethyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-ylthio)acethyl)isonicotino-hydrazide (GKP-305) at a dose of 20, 40 mg/kg showed the absence of any anatomical and morphological abnormalities in the tissue structures of the tentacles. The calculated value of the drug indicates a high degree of safety GKP-305 and its prospects for veterinary practice as an effective and safe tuberculocidal drug.

292 EFFECT OF A SINGLE INJECTION OF FSH DISSOLVED IN POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL ON SUPEROVULATION RESPONSE IN KOREAN NATIVE COWS

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 243
Author(s):  
S. H. Choi ◽  
K. H. Cho ◽  
Y. S. Park
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Subcutaneous Injection ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Single Injection ◽  
Simple Procedure ◽  
Single Subcutaneous Injection ◽  
Embryo Recovery ◽  
Surgical Methods ◽  
Group 2

Superovulation in bovine is usually achieved after several FSH injection in a time-consuming protocol, and the half-life of FSH is very short. This study was carried out to assess the efficiency of embryo production after induction of superovulation with a single injection of FSH (Folltropin-V, Vetrepharm, Canada) dissolved in polyethylene glycol (PEG, 8000 MW, Sigma-Aldrich Corp., St. Louis, MO, USA) in Korean Native cows. Eighty-eight cows were randomly assigned to one of four groups. In Group 1 (control), cows were intramuscularly treated with twice-daily administration of 50 mg FSH for 4 days. In Group 2 and 3, cows received a single subcutaneous injection of 400 mg and 200 mg FSH dissolved in 30% PEG, respectively. In Group 4, cows received a single subcutaneous injection of 200 mg FSH dissolved in 30% PEG given seven days after CIDR insertion. On days 10 to 12 after observed estrus, superovulation was started. Luteolysis was induced by administration of 25 mg of PGF2α (Pharmacia, Puurs, Belgium) IM 2 days after the start of the FSH injection. Donors were timed-inseminated with frozen–thawed semen at 48 and 60 h after the administration of PGF2α. Embryos were collected by non-surgical methods on 7 days after the second AI. The numbers of corpus lutea (CL), total ova, transferable embryos, and progesterone concentration were analyzed by General Linear Models Procedure with the Statistical Analysis System (SAS; SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, NC, USA) and means were compared with the Duncan’s multiple range test. Data on the pregnancy rate was analyzed by chi-square test. P values <0.05 were considered to be significantly different. The number of CL in Group 2 was significantly (P < 0.05) higher compared to Groups 1, 3 and 4 (18.5 ± 7.5 v. 11.2 ± 5.1, 13.1 ± 5.1 and 13.9 ± 6.4, respectively). However, the number of total ova (7.9 ± 6.0 to 10.4 ± 7.2) and transferable embryos (3.7 ± 3.3 to 4.7 ± 3.9) did not differ among treatment groups. In addition, blood progesterone concentrations at embryo recovery did not differ among all groups (10.0 ± 3.5 ng mL–1 to 15.7 ± 3.2 ng mL–1). No difference was observed among groups in pregnancy rate after transferring the recovered embryos (36.0 to 50.0%). In conclusion, our results show that a single injection of FSH dissolved in polyethylene glycol is an efficient and simple procedure for inducing superovulation in Korean native cows.

ADVANCEMENT OF OVULATION IN THE GUINEA-PIG WITH EXOGENOUS PROGESTERONE AND RELATED EFFECTS ON LENGTH OF THE OESTROUS CYCLE AND LIFE SPAN OF THE CORPUS LUTEUM

1976 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. D. JOSLYN ◽  
K. WALLEN ◽  
R. W. GOY
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Subcutaneous Injection ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Intact Female ◽  
Single Subcutaneous Injection ◽  
Endogenous Oestrogen ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Exogenous Progesterone

SUMMARY A single subcutaneous injection of progesterone (0·4 mg) was given to intact female guinea-pigs on either day 1, 7, 12, 13, 14, 15, or 16 of the behavioural oestrous cycle (day of oestrus is day 0). Injections given on either day 1 or day 7 had little effect, although there was a suggestion that injection on day 7 produced a lengthening of the cycle. Animals injected on either day 12 or day 13 underwent cycles of 16·9 and 18·1 days average length, respectively, which were significantly longer than the mean of 15·8 days for uninjected control females. Injection of progesterone on days 14, 15, or 16 was associated with one of three distinct sequelae: (1) simple prolongation of the cycle associated with a return to spontaneous oestrus 4–7 days later; (2) advancement of ovulation, formation of abnormal corpora lutea, and return to spontaneous oestrus 9–13 days later, and (3) return to spontaneous oestrus 14–16 days after the progesterone injection. These findings suggest that progesterone can cause the release of ovulatory amounts of gonadotrophin following a period of endogenous oestrogen conditioning of the gonadotrophic system. If progesterone is administered before oestrogen conditioning is complete, then it inhibits or delays the conditioning process, and spontaneous oestrus and ovulation are postponed.

Effect of oxytocin on estrogen-induced uterine luminal fluid accumulation in ovariectomized rats and the role of prostaglandins

1978 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 908-914 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. G. Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Acute Effect ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Fluid Accumulation ◽  
Indirect Measure ◽  
Uterine Contractions ◽  
Dose Dependent Fashion ◽  
Fluid Formation ◽  
17Β Estradiol ◽  
Dose Dependent

In estrogen-treated ovariectomized rats, uterine luminal fluid accumulation has been used as an indirect measure of cervical tone, with loss of luminal fluid being interpreted as indicating reduced tone. Since the recently reported ability of analogues of prostaglandins E2 and F2α to cause loss of luminal fluid might have resulted, not from reduced cervical tone, but from uterine contractions forcing fluid through constricted cervices, the effects of oxytocin, also a stimulator of myometrial activity, on luminal fluid accumulation were investigated. When ovariectomized rats, implanted 72 h previously with a Silastic capsule containing 17β-estradiol, were given a single injection of oxytocin and killed 1–2 h later, oxytocin, in a dose-dependent fashion, reduced uterine luminal fluid accumulation. For a supramaximal dose of oxytocin, this effect was seen within 15 min. In rats in which one uterine horn was ligated at the cervical end, fluid accumulation in the ligated horns did not differ significantly in control and treated rats, whereas in nonligated horns, oxytocin reduced the fluid accumulation, suggesting that loss of fluid occurred through the cervix rather than by reabsorption. Given twice daily for 3 days commencing immediately after the insertion of the estrogen-containing capsule, oxytocin had no effect on luminal fluid accumulation in horns ligated at the cervical end, indicating that oxytocin did not inhibit luminal fluid formation. Prostaglandin biosynthesis did not appear to be essential for the acute effect of oxytocin since treatment of rats with indomethacin, although reducing uterine and cervical prostaglandin levels, did not inhibit the effect of oxytocin. However, loss of fluid occurred slightly sooner following oxytocin administration in controls than in indomethacin-treated animals. In addition, for animals autopsied 10 min after oxytocin injection, the dose–response relationship between oxytocin and uterine luminal fluid was affected by indomethacin treatment. These data suggest that prostaglandins act synergistically with oxytocin to bring about loss of uterine luminal fluid accumulation. However, the validity of the use of luminal fluid accumulation as an indicator of cervical tone remains to be resolved.

Superovulatory response to single subcutaneous injection of Folltropin in Holstein and Sahiwal cows

1992 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 260 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.K. Misra ◽  
S.A. Chaubal ◽  
G. Krishna Kishore ◽  
S. Rajeshwaran ◽  
B.V. Joshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subcutaneous Injection ◽  
Single Subcutaneous Injection ◽  
Sahiwal Cows

OBSERVATIONS ON CADMIUM DAMAGE AND REPAIR IN RAT TESTES AND THE EFFECTS ON THE PITUITARY GONADOTROPHS

1962 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 453-NP ◽  
Author(s):  
M. ALLANSON ◽  
R. DEANESLY
Keyword(s):  
Subcutaneous Injection ◽  
Cadmium Chloride ◽  
Cytological Study ◽  
Interstitial Cells ◽  
Germinal Epithelium ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Interstitial Tissue ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Single Subcutaneous Injection

SUMMARY Cadmium chloride, in a single subcutaneous injection, can destroy spermatogenic and interstitial cells in the rat testis (Pařízek, 1957) and produce changes in the pituitary. The interstitial tissue is restored by ingrowths from the tunica and full androgen secretion returns before there is any regeneration of germinal epithelium. A cytological study has been made of the peripheral and central pituitary gonadotrophs; the latter revert almost to normal as the interstitial tissue regenerates, whereas the former retain characteristic castration features, unless there is also regeneration of the germinal epithelium. This seems to indicate that in the normal testis there is a hormone contribution from the seminiferous tubules as well as from the interstitial cells. The long-term effects of cadmium on the testis depend on the dose. Early stages of tubule restoration have been studied, but after administration of 0·9 mg., actual proliferation of the germinal epithelium was rarely found—only in four out of twenty rats, 113 or 142 days after injection.

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