Treatment of mange in buffaloes with Abamectin

Abamectin activity against mange in buffaloes was evaluated by using 0.2 mg/kg. B. W. of this drug as a single subcutaneous injection for treatment of 50 naturally affected buffaloes with Sarcoptic mange. There were no mites in the skin scraping of treated animals two weeks after treatment , new hair growth appeared in the infected areas four weeks after treatment, along with healing of the skin lesions.

Proliferation and Directional Differentiation of iNKT Cells Derived from DBA/1 Mice Thymus

The rates of invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells in vivo are very low, and the amounts of cells obtained directly from the body are hard enough to fulfill their potential in clinical application. To overcome this problem, we subcutaneously injected alpha-galactosylceramide (α-GalCer) into DBA/1 mice and thymic single cells were isolated and cultured in vitro. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting was used to detect the iNKT cells and their subsets in the thymus after the injection of α-GalCer by different methods. In addition, in vitro changes of single-cell suspensions and their cytokines in culture supernatants were assessed. Compared with the α-GalCer multiple subcutaneous injection group, the rates of iNKT cells in the α-GalCer single subcutaneous injection group were markedly higher at each time point, while the highest levels of iNKT1 and iNKT2 cells were observed on day 4 and 8, respectively. In α-GalCer single subcutaneous injection for 8 days and thymic mononuclear cell cultured for 14 days group, the expansion rate of iNKT cells was significantly faster than the other groups, while it reached a peak for iNKT1 cells. Interferon-gamma was consistent with the development of iNKT1 cells, however no difference was found between the cultured iNKT cells in vitro and the natural iNKT cells in vivo in terms of cytokine production. Herein, we introduced a method in which antigenic stimulation in vivo and directed induction in vitro yielded high levels of iNKT cells with specific functions.

Evaluation of Loco-Regional Skin Toxicity Induced by an In Situ Forming Depot after a Single Subcutaneous Injection at Different Volumes and Flow Rates in Göttingen Minipigs

The present study aims to investigate the loco-regional tolerability and injection parameters (i.e., flow rate and administration volume) of an in situ forming depot (ISFD) in Göttingen minipigs, to secure both the therapeutic procedure and compliance in chronic medical prescriptions. The ISFD BEPO® technology (MedinCell S.A.) is investigated over 10 days, after a single subcutaneous injection of test item based on a DMSO solution of diblock and triblock polyethylene glycol-polylactic acid copolymers. Injection sites are systematically observed for macroscopic loco-regional skin reactions as well as ultrasound scanning, enabling longitudinal in vivo imaging of the depot. Observations are complemented by histopathological examinations at 72 h and 240 h post-injection. Overall, no treatment-emergent adverse effects are macroscopically or microscopically observed at the subcutaneous injection sites, for the tested injection flow rates of 1 and 8 mL/min and volumes of 0.2 and 1 mL. The histopathology examination confirms an expected foreign body reaction, with an intensity depending on the injected volume. The depot morphology is similar irrespective of the administration flow rates. These results indicate that the ISFD BEPO® technology can be considered safe when administered subcutaneously in Göttingen minipigs, a human-relevant animal model for subcutaneous administrations, in the tested ranges.

SAFETY ASSESSMENT OF THE PRAPARATION RBFK

This work is devoted to the assessment of the safety of the RBFK preparation based on the radiomodified consortium of bacteria from E. coli and B. bifidum. The safety assessment of the drug was carried out on the model of acute and chronic toxici-ty. The experiments used 76 white mice of both sexes with a live weight of 18-20 g. The first series of experiments was carried out by a single subcutaneous injection of the RBFK preparation into the withers area. In the second series of toxicological studies, the harmlessness of the test drug was studied in a model of repeated chronic drug intake after oral administration of a single therapeutic dose to white mice. As a result of the studies, it was found that the test drug did not adversely affect the exper-imental animals and did not cause their death, the general condition remained satisfactory, which indicates the harmlessness and absence of toxicity of the test drug.

INDICATORS OF ACUTE TOXICITY OF A VETERINARY PREPARATION “GAMITROVET” AND ITS THERAPEUTIC EFFICACY FOR RESPIRATORY DISEASES IN CALFS, PIGS AND LAMBS

Determination was carried out of indicators of acute toxicity and therapeutic efficacy of a veterinary drug “Gamitrovet”, containing gamithromycin as AAS, for respiratory diseases in calves, lambs and piglets. Indicators of acute toxicity were defined, and LD50 for a veterinary drug “Gamitrovet” was calculated, which after a single subcutaneous injection to white laboratory mice made 3757.5 mg / kg, and after a single oral administration to white laboratory mice made 04376.25 mg / kg. A veterinary drug “Gamitrovet” is an effective means in treatment of cattle, pigs and sheep with respiratory diseases, and allows achieving therapeutic efficacy in the range of 90 – 100%.