ADVANCEMENT OF OVULATION IN THE GUINEA-PIG WITH EXOGENOUS PROGESTERONE AND RELATED EFFECTS ON LENGTH OF THE OESTROUS CYCLE AND LIFE SPAN OF THE CORPUS LUTEUM

1976 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. D. JOSLYN ◽  
K. WALLEN ◽  
R. W. GOY
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Subcutaneous Injection ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Intact Female ◽  
Single Subcutaneous Injection ◽  
Endogenous Oestrogen ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Exogenous Progesterone

SUMMARY A single subcutaneous injection of progesterone (0·4 mg) was given to intact female guinea-pigs on either day 1, 7, 12, 13, 14, 15, or 16 of the behavioural oestrous cycle (day of oestrus is day 0). Injections given on either day 1 or day 7 had little effect, although there was a suggestion that injection on day 7 produced a lengthening of the cycle. Animals injected on either day 12 or day 13 underwent cycles of 16·9 and 18·1 days average length, respectively, which were significantly longer than the mean of 15·8 days for uninjected control females. Injection of progesterone on days 14, 15, or 16 was associated with one of three distinct sequelae: (1) simple prolongation of the cycle associated with a return to spontaneous oestrus 4–7 days later; (2) advancement of ovulation, formation of abnormal corpora lutea, and return to spontaneous oestrus 9–13 days later, and (3) return to spontaneous oestrus 14–16 days after the progesterone injection. These findings suggest that progesterone can cause the release of ovulatory amounts of gonadotrophin following a period of endogenous oestrogen conditioning of the gonadotrophic system. If progesterone is administered before oestrogen conditioning is complete, then it inhibits or delays the conditioning process, and spontaneous oestrus and ovulation are postponed.

EFFECT OF INTRA-UTERINE FOREIGN BODIES AND OF PROSTAGLANDIN ADMINISTRATION ON PROGESTERONE SECRETION DURING THE OESTROUS CYCLE OF THE GUINEA-PIG

1976 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. R. BLATCHLEY ◽  
B. T. DONOVAN
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Glass Beads ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Progesterone Secretion ◽  
Prostaglandin F

SUMMARY The response of the guinea-pig corpus luteum to the luteolytic influence of glass beads placed in the uterus, or to prostaglandin administration, was followed by assay of the progesterone content of blood samples collected daily. Following the introduction of glass beads into the uterus early in the cycle, the secretion of progesterone was curtailed. Treatment with prostaglandin F2α over days 4–6 or 6–8 of the cycle temporarily depressed progesterone release without shortening the life of the corpora lutea. When the drug was administered over days 8–10, 10–12 or 12–14 the depression in progesterone was not followed by any recovery. These observations indicate that the response of the corpora lutea to a luteolytic influence changes during the oestrous cycle.

HYSTERECTOMY OF THE NEWBORN GUINEA-PIG, SUBSEQUENT EFFECTS ON THE OESTROUS CYCLE AND LIFE SPAN OF THE CORPORA LUTEA

1975 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. BUÑO ◽  
E. CARLEVARO ◽  
L. RIBONI ◽  
H. D'ALBORA ◽  
L. DE LOS REYES ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Long Cycles

SUMMARY Longer oestrous cycles result from neonatal hysterectomy than from hysterectomy in adult life. Section and cauterization of the utero-vaginal union also prolonged the vaginal closure period up to an average of 55 days. The destruction of the mesometrium did not lengthen the oestrous cycle. Uterine autografts in hysterectomized newborn guinea-pigs did not prevent the long cycles.

THE EFFECT OF AUTOTRANSPLANTATION OF THE OVARIES TO THE KIDNEYS OR UTERUS ON THE OESTROUS CYCLE OF THE GUINEA-PIG

1968 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. P. BLAND ◽  
B. T. DONOVAN
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Primordial Follicles ◽  
Local Nature

SUMMARY Autotransplantation of the ovaries of guinea-pigs to either the uterus or the kidneys caused the degeneration of all luteal and follicular tissue with the exception of the primordial follicles situated in the periphery of the graft. Follicular development then took place and oestrus and ovulation occurred 10–11 days after transplantation. The corpora lutea formed at this ovulation were maintained in a functional state for more than 35 days when the ovaries were transferred to the kidneys but when ovarian grafts were made to the uterus a series of shortened vaginal cycles was observed. These results substantiate the local nature of the luteolytic abilities of the uterus in this species and imply the existence of a uterine luteolytic substance.

THE EFFECT OF HYPOPHYSIAL STALK-SECTION ON THE CORPUS LUTEUM OF THE GUINEA-PIG

1971 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 625-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
DOREEN V. ILLINGWORTH ◽  
J. S. PERRY
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Normal Cycle ◽  
Luteal Regression ◽  
Normal Regression ◽  
And Function

SUMMARY The effects of hypophysial stalk-section on the growth and function of the corpus luteum of the non-pregnant guinea-pig have been compared with the effects of hypophysectomy (as previously described) and with the effects of prolactin administered to hypophysectomized animals. Stalk-section soon after ovulation did not impair the growth of the corpora lutea nor their ability to secrete progesterone. Stalk-section before day 9 of the oestrous cycle prevented the normal regression of the corpora lutea; they continued to grow and 3 weeks after ovulation were as large as those of pregnant animals, or of non-pregnant hysterectomized guinea-pigs. The corpora lutea regressed irregularly during the following 2 weeks. When performed on, or later than day 9, stalk-section did not prevent luteal regression at the normal time. Administration of prolactin (10 i.u./day) to hypophysectomized guinea-pigs restored the growth-rate of the corpora lutea, which reached sizes comparable to those of the normal cycle, and those of stalk-sectioned animals, by 10 days after ovulation. Our results indicate that prolactin can have substantial luteotrophic activity in the guinea-pig.

Superovulation and fertility in the pig

1964 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. F. Hunter
Keyword(s):  
Subcutaneous Injection ◽  
Intramuscular Injection ◽  
Ovarian Response ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Large White ◽  
The Mean ◽  
To Come

1. The effects of gonadotrophins administered during the follicular phase of the oestrous cycle were studied in forty gilts; these were purebred Large White or Large White crosses weighing from 200-275 lb.2. Superovulation was induced by a subcutaneous injection of PMS; half of the animals received in addition an intramuscular injection of LH.3. All animals which received gonadotrophins exhibited normal oestrous behaviour and only four of the gilts failed to come into oestrus by Day 21 of the cycle.4. A relationship has been established between the PMS dose and the mean ovarian response.5. An injection of LH was not essential for ovulation after treatment with PMS. Similarly, it had no significant effect on ovarian response.6. Egg recovery was 75% in the group of animals that exhibited fertility. Of these eggs, 93% were fertilised and undergoing cleavage.

scholarly journals Features of experimental modeling of tuberculosis in guinea pig with the participation of N'-(2-(5-((thephylline-7' yl)methyl)-4-R-1,2,4-triazole- ylthio)acethyl)isonicotinohydrazide

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 191-194
Author(s):  
A.S. Gotsulya ◽  
V.V. Zazhzharskiy ◽  
P.O. Davidenko
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Subcutaneous Injection ◽  
Subcutaneous Administration ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Single Subcutaneous Injection ◽  
Morphological Abnormalities ◽  
Veterinary Practice ◽  
High Degree

In this study, no toxic effects were detected after single subcutaneous injection of 40 mg/kg tadpoles. The results of macro- and microscopic examination of the internal organs 14 days after single subcutaneous administration of N'-(2-(5-((thephylline-7'-yl)methyl)-4-ethyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-ylthio)acethyl)isonicotino-hydrazide (GKP-305) at a dose of 20, 40 mg/kg showed the absence of any anatomical and morphological abnormalities in the tissue structures of the tentacles. The calculated value of the drug indicates a high degree of safety GKP-305 and its prospects for veterinary practice as an effective and safe tuberculocidal drug.

scholarly journals Ovarian function in ewes after treatment with mifepristone early during the oestrous cycle

Reproduction ◽  
2003 ◽  
pp. 205-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
EM Paslay ◽  
U Salli ◽  
F Stormshak ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Function ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Preovulatory Follicles ◽  
Prostaglandin F ◽  
The Mean

The aim of this study was to determine whether endogenous progesterone regulates synthesis and secretion of luteal oxytocin. In Expt 1, mature ewes (n = 5 per group) were assigned randomly to control or mifepristone (RU486) treatment groups. Ewes were injected s.c. twice a day with vehicle or 10 mg RU486 on days 5-7 of the oestrous cycle (oestrus = day 0). On day 8, after an i.v. injection with prostaglandin F(2alpha) (250 microg cloprostenol), venous blood samples were collected at frequent intervals to determine plasma oxytocin concentrations. Plasma oxytocin concentrations of RU486-treated ewes were not significantly different from those of control ewes. In Expt 2, ewes were injected s.c. each day with vehicle or 175 mg RU486 on days 2-5 of the oestrous cycle followed by administration of prostaglandin F(2alpha) on day 6. Four of five RU486-treated ewes showed 'split-oestrus' (oestrous behaviour for 36 h and then again at 84-108 h after the onset of initial oestrus). There was no significant difference in mean plasma oxytocin or progesterone concentrations between treatment groups. The mean masses of mature corpora lutea from control and RU486-treated ewes on day 6 of the oestrous cycle did not differ significantly (394.8 +/- 28.8 versus 319.5 +/- 48.3 mg). RU486-treated ewes contained mature corpora lutea, new corpora lutea (two of four ewes) and preovulatory follicles (>or= 10 mm, two of four ewes). The average interoestrous interval for RU486-treated ewes was 9 days more than that for control animals (26.2 +/- 2.9 versus 17 +/- 0.5 days; P < 0.025).

EFFECT OF RELAXIN ON OESTROGEN-INDUCED UTERINE LUMINAL FLUID ACCUMULATION IN THE OVARIECTOMIZED RAT

1974 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. G. KENNEDY
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Subcutaneous Injection ◽  
Single Injection ◽  
Daily Treatment ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Ovariectomized Rat ◽  
Fluid Loss ◽  
Fluid Accumulation ◽  
Single Subcutaneous Injection ◽  
Fluid Formation

SUMMARY Uterine luminal fluid accumulation (ULFA) was induced in ovariectomized rats by twice daily treatment for 3 days with 0·5 μg oestradiol-17β. At the end of this treatment, rats were given a single subcutaneous injection of 0·2 ml 0·9% saline containing 0, 0·1, 1, 10, or 100 guinea-pig units (GPU) of relaxin, and ULFA was determined 15–17 h thereafter. It was reduced in animals receiving ≥ 1 GPU relaxin. This reduction in ULFA commenced 12 h after treatment of rats with 10 GPU relaxin, and was completed by 24 h. Ligation of the cervical end of the uterus prevented the loss of fluid in response to a single injection of relaxin, indicating the cervix as the route of fluid loss. Uterine luminal fluid accumulation was reduced to a greater extent by treatment of rats with 1 mg progesterone than by 10 GPU relaxin. Given concomitantly with oestrogen, relaxin had no effect on ULFA in horns which were ligated at the cervical end, indicating that relaxin did not inhibit luminal fluid formation. It is concluded from these results that the effects of progesterone on ULFA are not mediated by relaxin. The results, however, do not allow rejection of the hypothesis that the effect of prolactin on ULFA is mediated by relaxin.

OESTROGEN AND PROGESTERONE AND THE FUNCTION OF THE CORPORA LUTEA IN THE GUINEA-PIG

1970 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. P. BLAND ◽  
B. T. DONOVAN
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Single Injection ◽  
Glass Beads ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Luteal Regression ◽  
Oestradiol Benzoate

SUMMARY Regression of the corpora lutea in the guinea-pig could be accelerated by treatment with 10 μg. oestradiol benzoate daily over days 3–11 of the oestrous cycle. A single injection of 10 μg. oestradiol benzoate on day 3 was also effective. The luteolytic effect of oestrogen was abolished by hysterectomy, indicating that the uterus is involved in the mediation of the response. Progesterone (5 mg. daily over days 3–11) enhanced the luteal regression brought about by the presence of two glass beads in one horn of the uterus, but did not affect luteal size in otherwise intact females. Treatment of guinea-pigs with 5 mg. progesterone daily over days 2–5 or 4–7 failed to alter the length of the oestrous cycle.

201 EFFECT OF A SINGLE SUBCUTANEOUS INJECTION OF FSH AND TIMING OF PROSTAGLANDIN F2α ADMINISTRATION ON SUPEROVULATORY RESPONSE IN JAPANESE BLACK COWS

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 209
Author(s):  
M. Sugawara ◽  
Y. Kaneda ◽  
A. Miyoshi ◽  
H. Sekizawa ◽  
O. Dochi
Keyword(s):  
Subcutaneous Injection ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Single Subcutaneous Injection ◽  
Labour Costs ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B ◽  
On Farm

Superovulation treatment using FSH requires injection twice a day, for 3 to 4 days. This conventional method requires frequent handling of donors and higher labour costs. Therefore, simplification of the superovulation treatment protocol is needed to reduce animal handling and labour costs. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of a single subcutaneous FSH injection and the timing of prostaglandin F2α (PGF; cloprostenol) administration on the superovulatory response in Japanese Black cows (Hiraizumi et al. 2015 Theriogenology 83, 466–473) and to determine whether the superovulation treatment protocol can be used in on-farm conditions. A total of 270 Japanese Black cows were used in this study. Twenty Armour units of pFSH dissolved in 30 mL of saline was injected subcutaneously in the neck region. In Experiment 1, 32 cows received an intravaginal progesterone device (CIDR) at random stages of the oestrous cycle (Day 0), and 2 mg of oestradiol benzoate on Day 1 (24 h after CIDR insertion). On Day 6, FSH was injected subcutaneously, and 16 cows were simultaneously injected with 0.5 mg of PGF (0-h PGF, Group A); the other 16 cows were injected with 0.5 mg of PGF at 48 h (on Day 8) after FSH injection (48-h PGF, Group B). The CIDR was removed at 60 h after FSH injection and AI was done 42 to 48 h after CIDR removal. Embryo collections were performed 7 days after AI. In Experiment 2, 238 cows were used in farm conditions. The cows were superstimulated using the same protocol as that used for Group A. Data were analysed by ANOVA for the mean numbers of collected ova/embryos and transferrable embryos and chi-square test for the proportion of transferrable embryos. In Experiment 1, there were no differences in the mean numbers of ova/embryos collected (16.9 ± 12.3 v. 16.1 ± 17.1) or transferrable embryos (11.1 ± 9.5 v. 7.2 ± 6.2). However, the proportion of transferrable embryos for Group A was significantly higher than that of Group B (65.9 v. 44.7%; P < 0.01). In Experiment 2, the mean numbers of ova/embryos collected and transferrable embryos were 15.7 ± 13.3 and 6.8 ± 7.8, respectively. These results showed that a superovulation treatment protocol involving a single subcutaneous injection of FSH with simultaneous PGF injection can be effectively used for Japanese Black cows under on-farm conditions.

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