Growth hormone and prostatic tumours: localization using a monoclonal human growth hormone antibody

1984 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. C Sibley ◽  
M. E. Harper ◽  
W. B. Peeling ◽  
K. Griffiths
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Prostatic Carcinoma ◽  
Human Growth ◽  
Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽  
Immunocytochemical Staining ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Immunocytochemical Detection ◽  
Human Prolactin

ABSTRACT The immunocytochemical detection of endogenous human GH and the binding of exogenously applied human GH in tumour tissue from patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia or prostatic carcinoma is reported. Monoclonal human GH antibody binding was exclusively to the connective tissue in both benign and carcinomatous specimens. Specificity control experiments indicated that the antibody could be absorbed with human GH but not with human prolactin. Preincubating the sections with human GH considerably altered the immunocytochemical staining, reducing the reaction product within the connective tissue in a concentration-dependent manner and revealing a binding site for GH within the cytoplasm of epithelial cells. J. Endocr. (1984) 103, 311–315

scholarly journals Sex Hormones, Growth Hormone, and the Cornea

Cells ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 224
Author(s):  
Tina B. McKay ◽  
Shrestha Priyadarsini ◽  
Dimitrios Karamichos
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Human Growth ◽  
The Body ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Insulin Growth Factor ◽  
Epithelial Regeneration ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Interest Differential

The growth and maintenance of nearly every tissue in the body is influenced by systemic hormones during embryonic development through puberty and into adulthood. Of the ~130 different hormones expressed in the human body, steroid hormones and peptide hormones are highly abundant in circulation and are known to regulate anabolic processes and wound healing in a tissue-dependent manner. Of interest, differential levels of sex hormones have been associated with ocular pathologies, including dry eye disease and keratoconus. In this review, we discuss key studies that have revealed a role for androgens and estrogens in the cornea with focus on ocular surface homeostasis, wound healing, and stromal thickness. We also review studies of human growth hormone and insulin growth factor-1 in influencing ocular growth and epithelial regeneration. While it is unclear if endogenous hormones contribute to differential corneal wound healing in common animal models, the abundance of evidence suggests that systemic hormone levels, as a function of age, should be considered as an experimental variable in studies of corneal health and disease.

scholarly journals ELISA for Determination of Human Growth Hormone: Recognition of Helix 4 Epitopes

2004 ◽  
Vol 2004 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana F. Moura ◽  
Luiz DeLacerda ◽  
Romolo Sandrini ◽  
Fernanda M. Borba ◽  
Denise N. Castelo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Human Growth Hormone ◽  
Synthetic Peptide ◽  
Human Growth ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Immunoaffinity Column ◽  
Receptor Dimerization ◽  
Human Prolactin

Human growth hormone (hGH) signal transduction initiates with a receptor dimerization in which one molecule binds to the receptor through sites 1 and 2. A sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was developed for quantifying hGH molecules that present helix 4 from binding site 1. For this, horse anti-rhGH antibodies were eluted by an immunoaffinity column constituted by sepharose-rhGH. These antibodies were purified through a second column with synthetic peptide correspondent tohGH helix 4, immobilized to sepharose, and used as capture antibodies. Those that did not recognize synthetic peptide were used as a marker antibody. The working range was of 1.95 to 31.25 ng/mL of hGH. The intra-assay coefficient of variation (CV) was between 4.53% and 6.33%, while the interassay CV was between 6.00% and 8.27%. The recovery range was between 96.0% to 103.8%. There was no cross-reactivity with human prolactin. These features show that our assay is an efficient method for the determination of hGH.

Differential effects of forskolin on LH and GH release

1985 ◽  
Vol 249 (4) ◽  
pp. E392-E397
Author(s):  
W. S. Evans ◽  
T. H. Brannagan ◽  
E. R. Limber ◽  
M. J. Cronin ◽  
A. D. Rogol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Pituitary Cells ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Lh Release ◽  
Biphasic Release

The effects of forskolin, an agent which increases intracellular levels of cAMP, on basal luteinizing hormone (LH) and growth hormone (GH) release and on gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-stimulated LH release were documented. Continuously perifused dispersed anterior pituitary cells from female rats at random stages of the estrous cycle were used. Secretory rates of both LH and GH increased in a concentration-dependent manner in response to a 1-h challenge with 0.03, 0.1, 0.3, 1, or 3 microM forskolin. In response to 0.3 microM forskolin, maximum GH release was achieved within 15-20 min, after which secretion decreased. In contrast, LH release increased gradually, became maximal at 1.5-2 h, and remained constant until the forskolin was withdrawn. Cells exposed to 10 nM GnRH for 4 h exhibited a biphasic release of LH with the interphase nadir occurring at 30 min. The second phase of LH release was enhanced by simultaneous addition of forskolin with the GnRH. Whereas second phase release did not increase further, exposure of the cells to forskolin for 60 or 120 min before GnRH resulted in increased first-phase LH release. We suggest that, whereas our data are consistent with a role for cAMP in mediating the acute release of GH, cAMP may be involved in the process through which nonimmediately releasable LH becomes available for release.

scholarly journals In Silico Investigation of pH-Dependence of Prolactin and Human Growth Hormone Binding to Human Prolactin Receptor

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Wang ◽  
Shawn Witham ◽  
Zhe Zhang ◽  
Lin Li ◽  
Michael Hodsdon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Human Growth Hormone ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Ph Dependence ◽  
Prolactin Receptor ◽  
Human Growth ◽  
Chemical Mechanism ◽  
Salt Bridges ◽  
Histidine Residues ◽  
Human Prolactin

AbstractExperimental data shows that the binding of human prolactin (hPRL) to human prolactin receptor (hPRLr-ECD) is strongly pH-dependent, while the binding of the same receptor to human growth hormone (hGH) is pH-independent. Here we carry in silico analysis of the molecular effects causing such a difference and reveal the role of individual amino acids. It is shown that the computational modeling correctly predicts experimentally determined pKa’s of histidine residues in an unbound state in the majority of the cases and the pH-dependence of the binding free energy. Structural analysis carried in conjunction with calculated pH-dependence of the binding revealed that the main reason for pH-dependence of the binding of hPRL-hPRLr-ECD is a number of salt-bridges across the interface of the complex, while no salt-bridges are formed in the hGH-hPRlr-ECD. Specifically, most of the salt-bridges involve histidine residues and this is the reason for the pH-dependence across a physiological range of pH. The analysis not only revealed the molecular mechanism of the pH-dependence of the hPRL-hPRLr-ECD, but also provided critical insight into the underlying physic-chemical mechanism.

GRF increases release of growth hormone and arachidonate from anterior pituitary cells

1985 ◽  
Vol 248 (4) ◽  
pp. E438-E442
Author(s):  
A. M. Judd ◽  
K. Koike ◽  
R. M. MacLeod
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Pituitary Cells ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Hormone Release ◽  
Growth Hormone Release ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Anterior Pituitary Cells ◽  
Arachidonate Release

Arachidonate and its metabolites increase growth hormone release in vitro. A study was designed to determine whether arachidonate release from anterior pituitary cells is modified by growth hormone-releasing factor (GRF) or somatostatin (SRIF). Cultured pituitary cells were incubated with [3H]arachidonate to esterify the long-chain fatty acid into cellular lipids. The cells were extensively washed with medium containing no [3H]arachidonate and then incubated with GRF and/or SRIF for 30 min. The incubation medium was then extracted with ethyl acetate, and following thin-layer chromatographic separation, the radioactivity in the [3H]arachidonate band was measured. GRF in a concentration-dependent manner (1-30 nM) stimulated growth hormone and arachidonate release, whereas SRIF (100 nM) blocked the GRF-induced increase of growth hormone and arachidonate release. The effects of GRF on growth hormone and arachidonate were evident at time intervals as brief as 5 min. These findings support the hypothesis that arachidonate may play a role in the GRF-induced growth hormone release.

PROLACTIN ACTIVITY AND HUMAN GROWTH HORMONE IN PHARYNGEAL HYPOPHYSES FROM EMBALMED CADAVERS

1968 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-NP ◽  
Author(s):  
PHILOMENA McGRATH
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Functional Significance ◽  
Human Growth ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Adverse Conditions ◽  
Total Destruction ◽  
Therapeutic Value ◽  
Human Prolactin

SUMMARY One hundred and forty-six human pharyngeal hypophyses from embalmed cadavers were fractionated in eight batches. A human prolactin-growth hormone extract was obtained from each batch. The prolactin activity of each extract was tested by the pigeon crop micromethod and the growth hormone content of the same extract was determined by radioimmunoassay. The results indicate that the human prolactin-growth hormone extract of pharyngeal hypophyses from embalmed cadavers retained prolactin activity and growth hormone to a significant degree despite adverse conditions post mortem. It is concluded that the human pharyngeal hypophysis is a tissue of functional significance. The apparent isolation of the pharyngeal hypophysis is of interest with regard to the role of the hypothalamus in the control of the sellar adenohypophysis. The functional significance of the pharyngeal hypophysis may be of importance in subjects for whom the total destruction of adenohypophysial tissue is considered to be of therapeutic value.

PLASMA STEROID AND PROTEIN HORMONE CONCENTRATIONS IN PATIENTS WITH PROSTATIC CARCINOMA, BEFORE AND DURING OESTROGEN THERAPY

1976 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 409-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Harper ◽  
W. B. Peeling ◽  
T. Cowley ◽  
B. G. Brownsey ◽  
M. E. A. Phillips ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Prostatic Cancer ◽  
Prostatic Carcinoma ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Prolactin Secretion ◽  
Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽  
Benign Disease ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Plasma Prolactin ◽  
Plasma Oestradiol

ABSTRACT Plasma testosterone, androstenedione, oestradiol-17β, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) were not significantly different in patients with prostatic cancer, with benign prostatic hyperplasia or in patients without prostatic disease. Plasma prolactin concentrations were significantly lower in the patients with benign disease than those with prostatic carcinoma. Endocrine therapy in the form of stilboestrol administration significantly decreased plasma levels of testosterone, oestradiol-17β, FSH and LH within 7 days of the treatment. After 7 days therapy prolactin levels increased significantly in all patients studied. Changes in growth hormone concentrations were more varied in response to stilboestrol, being elevated in several patients and remaining unchanged in others. Treatment of a few prostatic carcinoma patients who were receiving stilboestrol therapy with CB154, an inhibitor of prolactin secretion, brought an immediate decrease in prolactin levels which was sustained. Plasma testosterone, androstenedione and growth hormone were unchanged in these patients but a significant decrease in plasma oestradiol-17β was noted in two patients during CB154 administration.

scholarly journals Porphyromonas gingivalis RgpA-Kgp Proteinase-Adhesin Complexes Penetrate Gingival Tissue and Induce Proinflammatory Cytokines or Apoptosis in a Concentration-Dependent Manner

2008 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 1246-1261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil M. O'Brien-Simpson ◽  
Rishi D. Pathirana ◽  
Glenn D. Walker ◽  
Eric C. Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Gingival Tissue ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Proinflammatory Mediators ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
High Concentrations

ABSTRACT The RgpA-Kgp proteinase-adhesin complexes of Porphyromonas gingivalis were observed, using immunostaining, in human gingival tissue associated with periodontitis but not in healthy tissue. The staining pattern suggested a concentration gradient from the subgingival plaque into the subjacent gingival connective tissue. Intense immunostaining was observed in areas displaying gross disturbance of tissue architecture. P. gingivalis cells and the RgpA-Kgp complexes at low concentrations were shown to stimulate secretory intercellular adhesion molecule 1, interleukin-8 (IL-8), IL-6, and macrophage chemoattractant protein secretion from cultured human epithelial (KB) and fibroblast (MRC-5) cells. However, at high concentrations a reduction in the level of these mediators was observed. In contrast, macrophage inflammatory protein 1α and IL-1α were stimulated only at high P. gingivalis cell concentrations. P. gingivalis cells and the RgpA-Kgp complexes were shown to induce apoptosis in KB and MRC-5 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. These data suggest that the RgpA-Kgp complexes penetrate the gingival connective tissue; at low concentrations distal from the plaque the complexes stimulate the secretion of proinflammatory mediators, while at high concentrations proximal to the plaque they induce apoptosis and attenuate the secretion of proinflammatory mediators.

SUPPRESSIVE EFFECT OF L-DOPA ON HUMAN PROLACTIN RELEASE DURING SLEEP

1976 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuo Chihara ◽  
Yuzuru Kato ◽  
Kiyoshi Maeda ◽  
Shozo Ohgo ◽  
Hiroo Imura
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Rem Sleep ◽  
Human Growth ◽  
Suppressive Effect ◽  
Neural Mechanisms ◽  
Sleep Monitoring ◽  
Prolactin Release ◽  
Human Prolactin ◽  
Normal Sleep

ABSTRACT Immunoreactive plasma human prolactin (HPr) and human growth hormone (HGH) concentrations were measured in six normal young men with polygraphic sleep monitoring during normal sleep and during sleep in which 1-dihydroxyphenylalanine (1-DOPA) was infused intravenously at a rate of 0.8 to 1.0 mg/min. The intravenous infusion of 1-DOPA significantly suppressed the episodic release of HPr during sleep and the occurrence of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. However, HGH release during sleep was not remarkably influenced by 1-DOPA. These results suggest that central catecholaminergic neural mechanisms are related to both sleep-related HPr release and REM sleep, but do not play an important role in sleep-related HGH release.

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