Adrenal mast cells modulate vascular and secretory responses in the intact adrenal gland of the rat

1989 ◽  
Vol 121 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-NP ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Hinson ◽  
G. P. Vinson ◽  
J. Pudney ◽  
B. J. Whitehouse
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Disodium Cromoglycate ◽  
Perfusion Medium ◽  
Steroid Secretion ◽  
Connective Tissue Capsule ◽  
Medium Flow

ABSTRACT Mast cells were identified in the rat adrenal gland, located in the walls of arterioles at the point at which they penetrate the connective tissue capsule. The mast cell products, histamine and serotonin, both caused dose-dependent increases in rates of perfusion medium flow and steroid secretion in the isolated, perfused rat adrenal gland in situ. Compound 48–80, a mast cell degranulator, caused a significant increase in perfusion medium flow rate and steroid secretion by the in-situ perfused rat adrenal. Administration of disodium cromoglycate, a mast cell stabilizer, before administration of ACTH(1–24) virtually abolished the normal flow rate increment and significantly attenuated the corticosterone secretory response to ACTH(1–24). These observations strongly suggest that adrenal mast cells modulate both vascular and secretory responses in the intact adrenal gland of the rat. Journal of Endocrinology (1989) 121, 253–260

Effects of stimulation on steroid output and perfusion medium flow rate in the isolated perfused rat adrenal gland in situ

1986 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Hinson ◽  
G. P. Vinson ◽  
B. J. Whitehouse ◽  
G. M. Price
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Zona Glomerulosa ◽  
Clear Correlation ◽  
Perfusion Medium ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Vascular Elements ◽  
Medium Flow ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Adrenal Vasculature

ABSTRACT Using the in-situ, isolated, perfused rat adrenal system, the actions of adrenal stimulants on steroidogenesis and perfusion medium flow rates (under constant perfusion pump conditions) have been studied. In a series of 100 experiments, initial rates of corticosterone output and flow rates were found to be positively correlated, although there was no such relationship between initial rates of aldosterone output and flow rates. Furthermore, in stable perfusion conditions, bolus injections of ACTH increased both flow rate and steroid output in a dose-related manner. In individual experiments there was a clear correlation between corticosterone and flow, but the association between aldosterone secretion rate and flow was less evident. It is possible that this discrepancy arises because of temporal differences in the responses of these two steroids. Flow was also stimulated by dibutyryl cyclic AMP (dbcAMP), with correlations with steroid output similar to ACTH, but the specific zona glomerulosa stimulants angiotensin II amide and potassium ions had, if anything, inhibitory effects on flow, but only at high concentrations. The data suggest that ACTH and dbcAMP evoke specific responses in the adrenal vasculature, resulting in relatively decreased intraglandular vascular resistance. They furthermore suggest that the secretory functions of the inner adrenocortical zones are subject to the additional control of vascular elements in the intact gland. J. Endocr. (1986) 109, 279–285

scholarly journals Mast cells degranulation affects angiogenesis in the rat uterine cervix during pregnancy

Reproduction ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 127 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Varayoud ◽  
J G Ramos ◽  
V L Bosquiazzo ◽  
M Muñoz-de-Toro ◽  
E H Luque
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Uterine Cervix ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Mast Cell Degranulation ◽  
Endothelial Cell Proliferation ◽  
Disodium Cromoglycate ◽  
Mast Cell Stabilizer ◽  
Vascular Area

During pregnancy, it is essential that sufficient nutrients are supplied by the vascular system to support the dramatic modifications of the rat uterine cervix. Angiogenesis refers to the growth of new blood vessels from pre-existing microcirculation and mast cells have been associated with this process. This study examined the modifications of the vascular compartment and the distribution of mast cells on cervical tissue during pregnancy. Using disodium cromoglycate as a mast cell stabilizer, we determined the effects of the mast cell degranulation on cervical angiogenesis. Mast cell distribution and their degranulation status were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Endothelial cell proliferation was measured by bromodeoxyuridine incorporation. Vascular areas (absolute and relative) and maturation indices were assessed by quantitative immunohistochemistry of von Willebrand factor and α-smooth muscle actin respectively. Mast cells were predominantly observed during the first half of pregnancy in the perivascular zones. The values of bromodeoxyuridine incorporation, absolute vascular area and vascular maturation index exhibited a significant increase throughout pregnancy. All animals that received mast cell stabilizer showed more than 40% of non-degranulated mast cells. Treated rats exhibited a decrease in endothelial proliferation and in relative vascular area; in addition, a large proportion of mature blood vessels was observed, suggesting a diminished level of new vessel formation. The effects of the mast cell stabilizer were sustained beyond the end of treatment. This is the first report that brings evidence that mast cell degranulation could be a necessary process to contribute to the normal angiogenesis of the rat cervix during pregnancy. Further investigations are needed to elucidate the possible implications of abnormal vascular development of the uterine cervix on the physiological process of ripening and parturition.

Adrenomedullin stimulates steroid secretion by the isolated perfused rat adrenal gland in situ: Comparison with calcitonin gene-related peptide effects

Peptides ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 853-857 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppina Mazzocchi ◽  
Francesco Musajo ◽  
Giuliano Neri ◽  
Giuseppe Gottardo ◽  
Gastone G. Nussdorfer
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide ◽  
Steroid Secretion ◽  
Related Peptide ◽  
Calcitonin Gene

scholarly journals Abundant expression of transcription factor GATA-2 in proliferating but not in differentiated mast cells in tissues of mice: demonstration by in situ hybridization

Blood ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 993-998 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Jippo ◽  
H Mizuno ◽  
Z Xu ◽  
S Nomura ◽  
M Yamamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Differentiation Markers ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
High Affinity Ige Receptor ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Receptor Beta

Although GATA-binding transcription factors (GATA-1 and GATA-2) are strongly expressed in cultured mast cells (CMCs), their expression in mast cells within tissues has not been reported. We examined the expression of GATA-1 and GATA-2 in skin tissues of mice using Northern blot analysis and in situ hybridization. mRNA for GATA-2 but not for GATA-1 was expressed in skin mast cells of WB-+/+ embryos between days 15 and 17 postcoitum (pc). The expression was downregulated on and after day 18 pc. Skin mast cells did not express GATA-2 after birth either. When the number of skin mast cells was compared with the number of GATA-2 mRNA-expressing cells, GATA-2 mRNA appeared to be expressed by mast cells only when the number was increasing. When the mRNA expression of high-affinity IgE receptor beta-subunit and mast cell carboxypeptidase A was used as differentiation markers, the expression of these mRNAs continued even after the downregulation of GATA-2 expression. To clarify the relationship of the proliferation and GATA-2 expression, proliferating CMCs derived from WBB6F1-+/+ mice were transplanted into the peritoneal cavity of mast cell-deficient WBB6F1- W/Wv mice. The CMCs stopped both the proliferation and GATA-2 expression after the transplantation, suggesting the association of these two parameters in mast cells within tissues of mice.

scholarly journals Clonal assay of mouse mast cell colonies in methylcellulose culture

Blood ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 352-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Nakahata ◽  
SS Spicer ◽  
JR Cantey ◽  
M Ogawa
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Membrane Receptors ◽  
Pokeweed Mitogen ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Blast Cells ◽  
Mouse Mast Cell

When mouse marrow and spleen cells were cultured for over 12 days in methylcellulose containing media conditioned by pokeweed-mitogen- stimulated spleen cells, colonies containing mast cells and blast cells were observed. The characteristic morphology of the colonies and the time course of their development allowed in situ identification of the mast cell colonies. Identification of the mast cells was confirmed by metachromatic staining with toluidine blue and alcian blue, transmission electron microscopy, and by demonstration of the membrane receptors for IgE. Coculture studies with male and female marrow cells strongly indicated the single cell origin of individual colonies. Detailed cytologic analyses of mixed hemopoietic colonies and replating experiments of individual mixed hemopoietic and mast cell colonies clearly established the hemopoietic origin of mast cells. In replating experiments of individual mast cell colonies, those without blast cells did not yield secondary mast cell colonies. This result strongly indicated that morphologically recognizable mast cells have lost their self-renewing capabilities. The quantitative nature of the mast cell colony assay was supported by linearity studies and provides a method for studies of the progenitors of mouse mast cells.

Amomum xanthiodes Inhibits Mast Cell-Mediated Allergic Reactions Through the Inhibition of Histamine Release and Inflammatory Cytokine Production

2005 ◽  
Vol 230 (9) ◽  
pp. 681-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang-Hyun Kim ◽  
Tae-Yong Shin
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Histamine Release ◽  
Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Immunoglobulin E ◽  
Ionophore A23187 ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Disodium Cromoglycate ◽  
Plasma Histamine ◽  
Intracellular Ca

In this study, we investigated the effect of Amomum xanthiodes (Zingiberaceae) extract (AXE) on the mast cell-mediated allergy model and studied the possible mechanism of action. We found that AXE inhibited compound 48/80-induced systemic reactions and plasma histamine release in mice. Additionally, AXE decreased immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated local allergic reactions and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA), and AXE dose-dependently attenuated the release of histamine from rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMC) activated by compound 48/80 or IgE. The amounts of AXE needed for inhibition of compound 48/80-induced plasma histamine release and PCA were similar to disodium cromoglycate, the known anti-allergic drug. We found that AXE increased the cAMP levels and decreased the compound 48/80-induced intracellular Ca2+. Furthermore, AXE attenuated the phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) plus calcium ionophore (A23187)-stimulated tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-6 secretion in human mast cells. The inhibitory effect of AXE on the proinflammatory cytokines was nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)-dependent. In addition, AXE decreased PMA plus A23187-induced degradation of IκBα and the nuclear translocation of NF-κB. Our findings provide evidence that AXE inhibits mast cell-derived immediate-type allergic reactions, and that cAMP, intracellular Ca2+, proinflammatory cytokines, and NF-κB are involved in these effects.

scholarly journals Clonal assay of mouse mast cell colonies in methylcellulose culture

Blood ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 352-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Nakahata ◽  
SS Spicer ◽  
JR Cantey ◽  
M Ogawa
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Membrane Receptors ◽  
Pokeweed Mitogen ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Blast Cells ◽  
Mouse Mast Cell

Abstract When mouse marrow and spleen cells were cultured for over 12 days in methylcellulose containing media conditioned by pokeweed-mitogen- stimulated spleen cells, colonies containing mast cells and blast cells were observed. The characteristic morphology of the colonies and the time course of their development allowed in situ identification of the mast cell colonies. Identification of the mast cells was confirmed by metachromatic staining with toluidine blue and alcian blue, transmission electron microscopy, and by demonstration of the membrane receptors for IgE. Coculture studies with male and female marrow cells strongly indicated the single cell origin of individual colonies. Detailed cytologic analyses of mixed hemopoietic colonies and replating experiments of individual mixed hemopoietic and mast cell colonies clearly established the hemopoietic origin of mast cells. In replating experiments of individual mast cell colonies, those without blast cells did not yield secondary mast cell colonies. This result strongly indicated that morphologically recognizable mast cells have lost their self-renewing capabilities. The quantitative nature of the mast cell colony assay was supported by linearity studies and provides a method for studies of the progenitors of mouse mast cells.

Mediation of food protein-induced jejunal smooth muscle contraction in sensitized rats

1990 ◽  
Vol 259 (1) ◽  
pp. G6-G14 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. B. Scott ◽  
D. G. Gall ◽  
M. Maric
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Contractile Response ◽  
Specific Ige ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Tissue Type ◽  
Food Protein ◽  
Disodium Cromoglycate ◽  
Mast Cell Stabilizer

Alterations in myoelectric and motor activity are important features of food protein-induced intestinal anaphylaxis. To determine the mediator(s) involved, rats were sensitized by injection of egg albumin (10 micrograms ip), and controls were sham sensitized with saline. Fourteen days later the contractility of longitudinally oriented jejunal segments (mucosa intact) was examined in standard tissue baths in response to antigen (Ag) or other agents. Although control and sensitized tissues similarly contracted to stretch, bethanechol, histamine, or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), Ag contracted only sensitized segments. Contractile response 1) was specific to the sensitizing Ag, as bovine serum albumin did not induce contraction, and 2) could be passively transferred with serum containing specific IgE antibody. Mast cell degranulation after Ag challenge was suggested by a significant loss of granulated mast cells in sensitized compared with control rats challenged with Ag. Concanavalin A, which degranulates mucosal and connective tissue-type mast cells, and compound 48/80, which degranulates only connective tissue-type mast cells, produced a contractile response. Ag-induced contraction was significantly inhibited by the mucosal and connective tissue-type mast cell stabilizer doxantrazole (P less than 0.001) and the connective tissue mast cell stabilizer disodium cromoglycate (P less than 0.05). Diphenhydramine and cimetidine together blocked histamine-induced contraction but failed to affect Ag-induced contraction in sensitized tissues.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Disodium cromoglycate stabilizes mast cell degranulation while reducing the number of hemoglobin-induced microvascular leaks in rat mesentery

2004 ◽  
Vol 286 (5) ◽  
pp. H1750-H1756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxwell I. Ginsburg ◽  
Ann L. Baldwin
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Blood Substitutes ◽  
Mast Cell Degranulation ◽  
Disodium Cromoglycate ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Plasma Albumin ◽  
Rat Mesentery ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Infusion Experiment

Blood substitutes, such as diaspirin cross-linked Hb (DBBF-Hb), have been considered for use during blood transfusions. Unfortunately, bolus injection of modified Hb has been shown to rapidly increase the leakage of microvessels to plasma albumin. This effect may result from production of excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) and could be linked to the observed increase in degranulated mast cells (DMC). Disodium cromoglycate (cromolyn) stabilizes mast cells and therefore might minimize the venular permeability in the rat mesentery. In 10 anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats, the mesenteric preparation was continuously suffused with cromolyn while the microvasculature was filled with DBBF-Hb solution (10 mg/ml) for 10 min. Six animals received cromolyn pretreatment [two intravascular injections over 30 min ( experiment A)] and four animals received pretreatment with 2% HEPES-buffered saline (HBS)-BSA ( experiment B). Two more animals were pretreated with HBS-BSA without DBBF-Hb infusion but with cromolyn suffusion ( experiment C). Another set of experiments was performed on five animals without cromolyn suffusion or any pretreatment but with DBBF-Hb infusion ( experiment D). All groups then received a 1-min perfusion of FITC-albumin, fixation for 60 min, and microscopic examination. Experiments A and B demonstrated a significant reduction in the number of venular leaks and DMC compared with experiment D, but not in the area of venular leaks. These results suggest mast cell degranulation is not a major contributor to microvascular leakage induced by DBBF-Hb.

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