Progesterone concentrations in samples of saliva from adolescent girls living in Britain and Thailand, two countries where women are at widely differing risk of breast cancer

1989 ◽  
Vol 121 (2) ◽  
pp. 375-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Danutra ◽  
A. Turkes ◽  
G. F. Read ◽  
D. W. Wilson ◽  
V. Griffiths ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Premenopausal Woman ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Progesterone Concentration ◽  
Progesterone Secretion ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Age Range

ABSTRACT Menstrual-cycle patterns of salivary progesterone concentration were obtained for 131 and 245 adolescent girls up to 4 years postmenarche living in Britain and Thailand respectively. These patterns were graded on a scale of 1 (little or no activity) to 5 (activity similar to that exhibited by the mature premenopausal woman) and the frequency of these grades within groups of girls from each centre was analysed. The major finding was that British girls exhibited a predominance of higher grades of progesterone activity when compared with their Thai counterparts (n = 2 × 58) when matched for chronological and gynaecological ages (P ∼ 0·002). This was particularly so for the girls from these two matched groups in the gynaecological age range 2–4 years (P ∼ 0·03). The major contribution to this significant difference between the two groups is attributed to the greater effect of chronological age on progesterone secretion in the British girls (P ∼ 0·03) compared with the Thai girls (P ∼ 0·29). These findings may have implications for facilitating our understanding of the reason for the differing risk of breast cancer in women in both countries. Journal of Endocrinology (1989) 121, 375–381

PROGESTERONE IN THE HUMAN PERIPHERAL BLOOD IN THE PREOVULATORY PERIOD OF THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE

1967 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benno Runnebaum ◽  
Josef Zander
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Progesterone Concentration ◽  
Plasma Progesterone ◽  
Progesterone Secretion ◽  
Graafian Follicle ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration

ABSTRACT Progesterone was determined and identified in human peripheral blood during the preovulatory period of the menstrual cycle, by combined isotope derivative and recrystallization analysis. The mean concentration of progesterone in 1.095 ml of plasma obtained 9 days before ovulation was 0.084 μg/100 ml. However, the mean concentration of progesterone in 1.122 ml of plasma obtained 4 days before ovulation was 0.279 μg/100 ml. These data demonstrate a source of progesterone secretion other than the corpus luteum. The higher plasma-progesterone concentration 4 days before ovulation may indicate progesterone secretion of the ripening Graafian follicle of the ovary.

P–647 How do migraine attacks change during puberty?

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
B Boettcher ◽  
A Kyprianou ◽  
L Wildt ◽  
C Lechner ◽  
M Kößler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Tanner Stage ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Adolescent Medicine ◽  
Cycle Phase ◽  
Reliable Technique ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Daily Headache

Abstract Study question How do the stage of puberty and the menstrual cycle influence characteristics of migraine? Summary answer During puberty, the frequency of migraine attacks increases, especially during the follicular phase. The pattern of migraine changes to a typical adult pattern of migraine. What is known already Up to puberty, headaches are as common in girls as in boys. After the onset of puberty migraine is more prevalent in adolescent girls suggesting an association with sex hormones. Attacks of menstrual migraine are characterized by a longer duration, tend to be more severe, and are less responsive to acute medication compared to migraine attacks which are independent from the menstrual cycle phase. Study design, size, duration For this prospective cohort study 47 girls were recruited from two Departments of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine between 01/2016 and 12/2018. Participants/materials, setting, methods Girls between 7 and 18 years old, diagnosed with migraine without aura according to the “International Classification of Headache Disorders II” diagnostic criteria, took part. Three groups (pre-, peri-, and postpubertal) were formed according to the Tanner stage and the onset of a regular menstruation. Girls kept a daily headache and menstrual cycle diary over 8 weeks. Ovulatory cycles were analyzed by weekly progesterone saliva tests. Main results and the role of chance Three groups according to Tanner stage and onset of regular menstruation were compared: pre- (n = 16), peri- (n = 19) and post-pubertal (n = 12) girls. A significant difference in migraine frequency was found between pre- and post- pubertal girls (p = 0.005). Headache characteristics did not differ significantly between the three groups. Interestingly, a higher frequency of attacks in follicular phase occurred compared to luteal phase (p = 0.030). Limitations, reasons for caution Repeated blood sampling would have been a more reliable technique compared to saliva assays. The sample size is small. Wider implications of the findings: During puberty, the number of migraine attacks but not the specific headache characteristics changes in adolescent girls which should be taken into consideration regarding the management of these patients. Trial registration number AN2013–0027

scholarly journals Estimation Of Dental Age Using Coronal Pulp Cavity Index (CPCI) On Lower Second Premolar And First Molar With Periapical Radiographic Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 2205-2209
Author(s):  
Trelia Boel ◽  
Dewi Kartika ◽  
Ervina Sofyanti ◽  
Dennis ◽  
Navanitha Naidu
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Odontology ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Radiographic Analysis ◽  
Dental Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pulp Cavity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Digital Caliper

Estimation of dental age in forensic odontology is crucial in biological dentistry Coronal Pulp Cavity Index (CPCI) as one method to check the correlation between the reduction of the coronal pulp cavity and chronological age. The present study aims to find out whether CPCI method can be used to estimate the dental age on lower second premolar and first molar with periapical radiographic analysis. The cross sectional study was conducted on 60 patients (30 males and 30 females) in the age range of 21 and 30 years. They were subjected to periapical radiographs on lower second premolar and first molar. The Coronal Pulp Cavity Height (CPCH) and Coronal Length (CL) was measured using vision measuring scope DC 3000 and electronic digital caliper. The values obtained were subjected into the formula of TCI = [CPCL × 100]/CL. The mean of TCI score and average chronological age were analyzed using paired T test to find out the correlation between the chronological age and the estimated dental age, P > 0.05 is considered as significant. There was no significant difference between the estimated dental age and chronological age in both lower second premolars (p=0.119) and first molars (p=0.224). CPCI method can be used to estimate the dental age on healthy lower second premolar and first molar.

Urinary 11-deoxy-17-ketosteroids in Breast Cancer Patients considered in Relation to the Menstrual Cycle: Ovulatory and non ovulatory

1967 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renzo Grattarola
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Ovulatory Cycle ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Urinary Levels ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Age Range

The urinary levels of 11-deoxy-17-ketosteroids (dehydroepiandrosterone, etiocholanolone and androsterone) of 32 patients with breast cancer, at premenopausal age (between 30 and 47 years of age) were determined in the premenstrual period (72–48 hours before menstrual bleeding) and an endometrial specimen, obtained 48–24 hours before the menstrual period was examined histologically. The urinary levels of 11-deoxy-17-ketosteroids together with the premenstrual specimen of 22 women at premenopausal age without breast cancer, who were in the same age range (between 31 and 49 years) as the women with breast cancer, were examined and considered as control values. The average value (3.77 ± 0.44 mg/24 hrs.) of the sum of urinary 11-deoxy-17-ketosteroids in control subjects without ovulatory cycle (proliferative premenstrual endometrium) was found to be higher than the average value (2.23 ±0.14 mg/24 hrs.) of the sum of 11-deoxy-17-ketosteroids of control subjects with ovulatory cycle (progestational premenstrual endometrium) and this difference was found to be highly significant (P < 0.01). The average value (4.76 ± 0.29 mg/24 hrs.) of the sum of urinary 11-deoxy-17-ketosteroids in breast cancer patients without ovulatory cycle (proliferative premenstrual endometrium) was found to be higher than the average value of the sum of urinary 11-deoxy-17-ketosteroids (3.05 ± 0.27 mg/24 hrs.) in patients with breast cancer having ovulatory cycle (progestational premenstrual endometrium) and this difference was found highly significant (P < 0.001). The levels of 11-deoxy-17-ketosteroids in the group of breast cancer patients without ovulation were the highest of all groups considered in the present study and the difference between this average value and that found in the control subjects without ovulatory cycle was also significant (P < 0.05).

scholarly journals Pragmatic abilities of children with severe to profound hearing loss

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 736
Author(s):  
Hemangi Vaidya ◽  
Aarti P. Waknis ◽  
Shweta Deshpande
Keyword(s):  
Expressive Language ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Profound Hearing Loss ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hearing Devices ◽  
Pragmatic Skills ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Delayed Language Development

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Western studies indicate that children with hearing impairment (CHI) are at risk of pragmatic delay due to their delayed language development. Pragmatics is influenced by culture. Hence the objective of the study was to compare the pragmatic skills of Marathi speaking CHI using hearing devices and typically developing children (TDC) matched according to their expressive language age, chronological age, and hearing age.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Group I included 40 CHI using a hearing device having a chronological age range of 24 to 68 months, with an expressive language age of 6 to 48 months on receptive-expressive emergent language scale (REELS) and with a hearing age in the range of 12 to 36 months. Group II consisted of 40 TDC in the age range of 6 to 48 months. Checklist for assessment of pragmatics of pre-schoolerswas administered for assessment of pragmatics to children in both the groups.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Statistical analysis using unpaired t test indicated that there was a significant difference in pragmatic skills of the two groups when they were matched on the basis of their chronological and expressive language age (p&lt;0.01), but there was no significant difference between the two groups when they were matched on the basis of their hearing age (p&gt;0.01).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Pragmatic ability is delayed in CHI and is more a function of hearing age than chronological age or expressive language age. Thus, pragmatic abilities should be assessed and intervention provided if required for CHI even if they have good expressive ability.</p>

scholarly journals Prakiraan Usia Gigi Menggunakan Standar Blenkin (Modifikasi Metode Demirjian) pada Anak-Anak Etnik Jawa di Kabupaten Jember

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Dwi Kartika Apriyono
Keyword(s):  
Age Estimation ◽  
Accurate Estimate ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Age Difference ◽  
Dental Age ◽  
Dental Age Estimation ◽  
Panoramic Radiographs ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Age Range

Chronological and dental age are necessary aspects of dental age estimation. Both have a close relationship. Chronological age reflects the age of the tooth, and vice versa. Dental age estimation aims to provide the data in the field of dentistry with an accurate dental age range. In order to get the value of an accurate estimate of dental age, needed a method of estimation that has a standard deviation as low as possible and validated in a specific population groups of an individual. Demirjian method is a method frequently used in the dental age estimation. It uses the classification stages of the seven permanent teeth of mandibular left side using panoramic radiographs. Application of its method in some countries showed vary results so it needed adjustment. Blenkin standard is an adjustment of its method that changes the score of maturity stages 0-H to 1-8 and calculate the dental age by regression formula. The study aimed to assess the dental age estimation using Blenkin standard on children of Javanese ethnic in Jember region. This was an analytic descriptive study design. The samples were panoramic radiographs. The subjects were 70 samples consisting of 29 boys and 41 girls with an age range 6-12 years, and they were divided into 7 groups based on chronological age. Each tooth of the sample was calculated using Blenkin standard. The Blenkin standard showed non-significant difference with the age difference in the amount of approximately -0.22 years for boys and -0.03 years for girls (underestimation).

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF DENTAL AGE OF 10-13 YEAR-OLD CHILDREN OF THE CARPATHIAN REGION OF UKRAINE BY THE CAMERIERE METHOD IN COMPARISON WITH THEIR CHRONOLOGICAL AGE

2019 ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
V.F. Makieyev ◽  
O.O. Isakova
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Dental Age ◽  
Ray Method ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Age Range

Purpose:  to evaluate the chronological and dental age of children in Lviv and the Lviv region aged 10-13 years with the help of the modified formula Cameriere.  Methods. Оrthopantomograms  46 children (26 boys and 20 girls) aged 10-13 years from Lviv and Lviv region have been used for this study. A questionnaire was developed for the submission of individual patient data and a standardized format for making their indicators derived from orthopantomograms (OPG). The examination of the area of the lower seven teeth on the left was done using the Cameriere method and the age of the child was evaluated, which was further compared with the chronological age.  Results.The obtained results of the study showed a high accuracy and reliability of the estimation of dental age in children up to 10-13 years with the help of the Cameriere formula modified by us. The research is based on the detection of physiological changes (the rate of formation of the roots) in the permanent teeth of children using the X-ray method.  Evaluating the results obtained by two methods, among girls and boys of the selected age group, a statistically significant strong correlation between the chronological age and the age calculated by the Cameriere method was revealed. Cameriere research has been carried out in many countries around the world and, in particular, in European countries, by implementing the general formula. Children in the period of occlusive bite remain the most critical in terms of age and, therefore, the determination of the correct time for dental interventions. In this age group, the development of permanent teeth passes through different stages and depends on many factors of the environment, genetic, geographical and food factors. The process of teething also affects many local factors, such as space and space for a permanent tooth in the dental artery and the loss of temporary precursors. Even with a large number of factors affecting the eruption and formation of permanent teeth in children, this method showed high accuracy and independence. In order to assess the Cameriere method among the children under study and its further practical application, a comparison was made between the age obtained using this methodology and the chronological age of the children under study in different age groups, both among boys and girls. Analyzing the obtained data, it was found that the mean of chronological age among the studied boys aged 10-11 (n = 14) was 11.02 ± 0.59 years, and the Cameriere method was 10.63 ± 1.03 years.  Student's assessment did not reveal a significant difference between the data (p = 0.22) for the age group of 10-11 years.  Further analysis among the studied boys revealed that in the age group 12-13 years the average chronological age was 12.94 ± 0.49 years, and the age was determined by the Cameriere method 12.59 ± 0.63 years, and no significant difference was established between them  (p = 0.14). The results of the studies have shown the suitability of the Cameriere formula modified during the process, based on the assessment of open tops and the number of teeth with completed root formation as a marker for the physiological development of the child and one that can be used to determine the child's age.Since studies had a limited age range on a particular sample of dental patients, further studies should evaluate the utility of this method in a larger sample of children in the extended age range of the given region of Ukraine and, if possible, adjust the formula we modified for the stability of the averaged indicators in different samples by age and sex. 

scholarly journals Comparison of TW2 and TW3 skeletal age differences in a Brazilian population

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Isabel Ortega ◽  
Francisco Haiter-Neto ◽  
Gláucia Maria Bovi Ambrosano ◽  
Frab Norberto Bóscolo ◽  
Solange Maria Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Brazilian Population ◽  
Skeletal Age ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Brazilian Children

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the differences between the skeletal ages estimated by TW2 and TW3 methods through their RUS and Carpal systems. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A sample of two hundred and forty hand and wrist radiographs of male and female Brazilian children aged 84-199 months was evaluated by five observers. The Dunnet test was performed for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Results showed higher skeletal ages estimated by TW2RUS than TW3RUS and Carpal for both genders. For girls a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) was observed between TW2RUS and TW3RUS over the entire age range. For boys this difference was observed from 108 months onwards. In general RUS skeletal ages were higher than the chronological age and Carpal skeletal ages for both genders. The overestimation of chronological age was smaller for TW3RUS than for TW2RUS, and this last system showed a statistically significant difference regarding chronological age over the entire age range for girls, whereas for boys this difference was seen from 132 months onwards. For girls TW3 RUS and Carpal showed a significant difference regarding chronological age in the oldest age groups; in boys TW3RUS did not show a significant difference regarding chronological age. For Carpal, these results were more variable. CONCLUSION: It seems reasonable to recommend the use of the TW3 system for the studied Brazilian population.

Menstruation Among Adolescent Girls Living in Rural Border Areas

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritu Gupta ◽  
Ravinder K Gupta ◽  
Vallabh Dogra ◽  
Himani Badyal
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Blood Loss ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Common Side Effect ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Border Areas

Objective: To study the various beliefs and problems regarding menstruation among adolescent girls living in rural border areas. Design- Prospective study. Setting- Pediatric outpatient clinic. Materials and methods- About 200 adolescent girls (11-19 years) living in rural border areas were enrolled for the study. These girls were asked about menarche, duration of the cycle, amount of blood loss and the various menstrual problems. They were also asked about the various beliefs and myths regarding menstruation. The girls having any illness affecting the menstrual cycle or those suffering from neuropsychiatric disorders were excluded from this study. Results- About 51% of the study population was in the age group 17-18 years. About 43.5% of girls attained menarche at the age of 10-12 years. About 51% of girls did not know about menstruation before menarche. Abdominal pain was the most common side effect seen in 41% of girls during menstruation. About 61% of girls considered themselves unclean during menstruation.  Twenty percent avoided schools, 20% avoided kitchen, 12% avoided temples while 10% stayed away from friends/ relatives. Only 33% of girls knew that menstruation stops temporarily after becoming pregnant. Twenty-two percent girls were using sanitary napkins while the rest used different types of clothes during the menstrual cycle. Conclusion- There is a dire need to educate girls regarding menstruation before menarche in the rural border areas. Every mother should discuss in a friendly way regarding various aspects of menstruation.

Determination of Spreading Motive Levels of Elite Hearing-impaired Sportsmen

2019 ◽  
pp. 39-55
Author(s):  
Osman Kusan ◽  
Hasan Erdem Mumcu ◽  
Abdulkerim Çeviker ◽  
Ömer Zambak ◽  
Onur Öztürk
Keyword(s):  
Educational Status ◽  
Hearing Impaired ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
Internal Motivation ◽  
National Team ◽  
Older Athletes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Age Range

This study was conducted to investigate the sub-scales of sports instructions of elite athletes with hearing impairment or hearing loss due to different reasons. A total of 173 hearing-impaired athletes constituted of 54 female and 119 male athletes who are active national team athletes in the age range of 15-25 years. The study was conducted based on Self Determination Theory of Deci and Ryan [9] and on the developed Sports Motivation Scale, Pelletier et al. [24] Kazak [18] applied the validity and reliability of the scale for Turkish athletes. Accordingly, since the p_values calculated for the inner motivation sub-scale and its sub-scales are less than the value of α = .05 which is taken as the level of significance, there is a statistically significant difference in the average scores of the hearing-impaired athletes in their internal motivations and sub-scales. According to gender and educational status, there was no difference in the motivation of the hearing-impaired athletes. According to the age variable, it was seen that older athletes had more external connections. Considering the general motivation scores, the athletes in tennis and swimming were less motivated than others. Elite hearing-impaired athletes are affected by both internal and external impulses. However, internal motivation scores are higher than the external. Internal motivation scores are seen as the lowest in the branch swimming area.

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