Influence of thyroid hormone on androgen metabolism in peripuberal rat Sertoli cells

1994 ◽  
Vol 140 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
M L Panno ◽  
E Beraldi ◽  
V Pezzi ◽  
M Salerno ◽  
G De Luca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Testosterone Metabolism ◽  
Androgen Metabolism ◽  
Functional Maturation ◽  
Severe Impairment ◽  
Old Rats

Abstract The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of thyroid hormones on androgen metabolism in Sertoli cells isolated from 3- and 4- week-old rats. Hypothyroidism was induced by the oral administration of 0·025% methimazole (MMI) from birth until the rats were killed at 3 and 4 weeks of age. Half of the MMI-treated animals were injected i.p. with l-tri-iodothyronine (T3 3 μg/100 g body weight) during the last week before death. Sertoli cells from all groups were initially cultured under basal conditions for the first 24 h and subsequently in the presence of testosterone with or without T3 for an additional 24 h. Hypothyroidism was associated with severe impairment of body as well as testicular growth. Indeed, body and testicular weights were similar in 4-week-old hypothyroid animals to those in 3-week-old control rats. Testosterone metabolism in Sertoli cells isolated from 3- and 4-week-old hypothyroid rats was mainly expressed by the lowering of 5α-dihydrotestosterone + androstane 3α, 17β–diol and an enhanced formation of 5α-reduced steroids with poor androgenic properties (e.g. 5α–androstane, 3, 17α-dione (androstanedione), 5α–androstan, 3-ol-17-one (androsterone)). Treatment of the same group of animals with T3 in vivo and in vitro did not influence the pattern of 5α–reductase steroids substantially. The most striking finding in the Sertoli cells of 3-week-old hypothyroid rats was the dramatic enhancement of oestradiol formation which persisted to a lesser extent 1 week later. Oestradiol formation was greatly decreased by the addition of T3 in vivo and in vitro in hypothyroid animals. These results suggest that T3 might influence androgen metabolism during the functional maturation of Sertoli cells. Journal of Endocrinology (1994) 140, 349–355

Effect of triiodothyronine administration on estrogen receptor contents in peripuberal Sertoli cells

1996 ◽  
Vol 134 (5) ◽  
pp. 633-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
ML Panno ◽  
D Sisci ◽  
M Salerno ◽  
M Lanzino ◽  
L Mauro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Estrogen Receptor ◽  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Estrogen Receptors ◽  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Androgen Metabolism ◽  
Testicular Steroids ◽  
In Vivo Administration

Panno ML, Sisci D, Salerno M, Lanzino M, Mauro L, Morrone EG, Pezzi V, Palmero S. Fugassa E, Andò S. Effect of triiodothyronine administration on estrogen receptor contents in peripuberal Sertoli cells. Eur J Endocrinol 1996:134:633–8. ISSN 0804–4643 The effects of thyroid hormone on androgen metabolism in peripuberal Sertoli cells through the inhibition of estradiol production have been reported previously. It was our intention to investigate further the possible role of thyroid hormone on the interaction between testicular steroids and Sertoli cells by analyzing the effects of triiodothyronine (T3) on estrogen receptor content in 2-, 3- and 4week-old euthyroid rats. Triiodothyronine treatment (3 μg/100 body wt per day) given during the last week prior to sacrifice resulted in reduced testicular growth in 2-week-old animals. Sertoli cells from all groups were cultured initially under basal conditions for the first 24 h and subsequently in the presence of testosterone and/or T3 for the additional 24 h. The in vitro addition of T3 induced a decrease of estrogen receptors (ERs) in 2- and 3-week-old animals that appeared more pronounced especially in the presence of T3 and testosterone. When T3 was tested in vivo we noticed that the decrease of ER content was even greater in all three groups under the in vitro influence of both T3 and testosterone. In 3-week-old animals a simultaneous assay of ERs in both nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments was performed. The ER concentrations in the nucleus were closely related to those of the cytoplasm. The in vivo administration of T3 was responsible for a greater decrease of ERs in the nucleus than in the cytosol. On the basis of these results, and in agreement with our previous data, we speculate that the effect of T3 in the maturational events of Sertoli cells could involve both estradiol production and ER content. Sebastiano Andò Cattedra di Fisiopatologia Endocrina, Dipartimento di Biologia Cellulare, Università della Calabria, 87030 Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza, Italy

Thyroid hormone modulates androgen and oestrogen receptor content in the Sertoli cells of peripubertal rats

1996 ◽  
Vol 148 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
M L Panno ◽  
D Sisci ◽  
M Salerno ◽  
M Lanzino ◽  
V Pezzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Oestrogen Receptor ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Inhibitory Influence ◽  
Aromatase Activity ◽  
Severe Impairment ◽  
Cellular Compartments

Abstract A possible role of tri-iodothyronine (T3) on the interplay between testicular steroids and Sertoli cells has been investigated on the basis of previous findings demonstrating a direct inhibitory influence of T3 on aromatase activity and oestradiol production in peripuberal Sertoli cells. In this context, the present study was focused on the effects of T3 on oestrogen receptor (ER) and androgen receptor (AR) contents in the cytosol and nucleus of Sertoli cells isolated from 2-, 3- and 4-week-old euthyroid, hypothyroid and hypothyroid treated rats. Hypothyroidism was induced by the oral administration of 0·025% methimazole (MMI) from birth until the rats were killed at 2, 3 and 4 weeks of age. Half of the MMI-treated animals were injected i.p. with l-tri-iodothyronine (T3; 3 μg/100 g body weight) during the last week before death. Sertoli cells from all groups were initially cultured under basal conditions for the first 24 h and subsequently in the presence of testosterone with or without T3 for an additional 24 h. Hypothyroidism was associated with severe impairment of body as well as testicular growth. Euthyroid ERs showed an elevated Kd (0·76 nm) which was similar in the different age groups investigated. The in vitro addition of T3 or testosterone induced a decrease in ER content and this decrease was greater after exposure to both hormones. In 2- and 3-week-old hypothyroid rats, ER content was markedly increased and was reversed in euthyroid rats when T3 was given in vivo. When ERs were assayed in the Sertoli cell nucleus and cytoplasm of 2- and 3-week-old animals, a strong relationship in ER content in the two cellular compartments was observed. Neither of the hormones tested seemed to affect the AR content in the nucleus significantly, while the in vitro addition of testosterone or T3 or both hormones together augmented the ARs in the cytosol to a greater extent, resulting in an increase in their total (cytosolic and nuclear) content in the cells. The present data suggest that T3 down-regulates ERs and up-regulates ARs in peripuberal Sertoli cells. The additive effect of testosterone and T3 in up-regulating ARs could possibly involve a role for T3 in influencing the androgen responsiveness of the Sertoli cells during spermatogenesis. Journal of Endocrinology (1996) 148, 43–50

Inhibin-like activity in Sertoli cell culture media and testicular homogenates from rats of various ages

1987 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Ultee-van Gessel ◽  
F. H. de Jong
Keyword(s):  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Reciprocal Relationship ◽  
Pituitary Cells ◽  
In Vitro Experiments ◽  
Old Rats ◽  
Lh Secretion

ABSTRACT The influence of age on testicular inhibin in untreated, neonatally hemicastrated and prenatally irradiated rats was studied using in-vivo and in-vitro experiments. In testicular cytosols prepared from 1-, 7-, 14-, 21-, 42- and 63-day-old rats concentrations of testicular inhibin could be measured with an in-vitro bioassay method using dispersed pituitary cells. Preparations of testicular cytosols caused a dose-dependent suppression of pituitary FSH secretion, whereas no effects were found on LH secretion. Testicular content of inhibin increased gradually with age, while after 14 days of age a relatively large increase of peripheral FSH concentrations occurred in all experimental groups. Neonatal hemicastration or prenatal irradiation resulted in decreased inhibin content of the testis and increased plasma FSH levels. The production of inhibin activity by Sertoli cells obtained from 7-, 14-, 21-, 42- and 63-day-old normal rats was measured during a 24-h incubation period on the third day of culture. The inhibin production per 106 plated Sertoli cells decreased rapidly after 14 days of age and the lowest production of inhibin was found in Sertoli cells from rats of 63 days of age. After preincubation with ovine FSH significantly larger amounts of inhibin activity were detected in spent media from 21-day-old rat testes. In contrast, suppression of inhibin production was found after preculture in the presence of testosterone at most of the ages studied. These data from in-vivo and in-vitro experiments indicate that a reciprocal relationship exists between pituitary FSH secretion and inhibin production before the age of 21 days. This relationship supports the concept that inhibin is a physiologically important modulator of FSH secretion before puberty, while the role of the large amount of testicular inhibin present at the older ages remains to be determined. J. Endocr. (1987) 113, 103–110

METABOLIC CHANGES IN TESTICULAR CELLS FROM RATS AFTER LONG-TERM EXPOSURE TO 37 °C IN VIVO OR IN VITRO

1980 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 471-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. F. G. ROMMERTS ◽  
F. H. DE JONG ◽  
J. A. GROOTEGOED ◽  
H. J. VAN DER MOLEN
Keyword(s):  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Leydig Cells ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Testicular Cells ◽  
Old Rats

Biochemical properties of isolated Leydig cells, Sertoli cells and spermatocytes from rat testes have been investigated after in-vivo or in-vitro exposure of these cells to abdominal temperature (37 °C). The rate of production of testosterone and pregnenolone by isolated Leydig cells from cryptorchid and normal testes from mature rats was not different. Production of pregnenolone by mitochondria prepared from cryptorchid testes was 6·7 times higher than production by mitochondria from normal testes. Sertoli cells prepared from immature rats and incubated in vitro at 32 or 37 °C showed, on day 1 of the culture period, an initial twofold increase in the secretion of androgen-binding protein which was absent after 6 days in culture. In contrast, incorporation of [3H]leucine into secreted proteins was stimulated twofold on day 1 as well as by day 6 of culture. Secretion of oestradiol was increased 30-fold by day 6 when compared with the level found on day 1 when cells had been cultured at 37 °C and the increased secretion of oestradiol was maintained for approximately 2 days when the temperature of incubation was decreased to 32 °C Spermatocytes isolated from seminiferous tubules incubated for 20 h at 37 °C were active in the synthesis of RNA. No degeneration of these cells was observed in testes of 25-day-old rats 5 days after experimental cryptorchidism, whereas under similar conditions massive degeneration of spermatocytes was shown in the testes of mature rats. These results suggest that the effects of temperature on the different testicular cells greatly depend on the experimental conditions used to study the effect of temperature.

Follow-up study on the effects of thyroid hormone administration on androgen metabolism of peripubertal rat Sertoli cells

1995 ◽  
Vol 132 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
ML Panno ◽  
M Salerno ◽  
M Lanzino ◽  
G De Luca ◽  
M Maggiolini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Postnatal Life ◽  
Aromatase Activity ◽  
Testosterone Metabolism ◽  
Androgen Metabolism ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Hormone Administration ◽  
Early Postnatal Life

Panno ML, Salerno M, Lanzino M, De Luca G, Maggiolini M, Straface SV, Prati M, Palmero S, Bolla E, Fugassa E, Andò S. Follow-up study on the effects of thyroid hormone administration on androgen metabolism of peripubertal rat sertoli cells. Eur J Endocrinol 1995;132:236–41. ISSN 0804–4643 The inhibitory effect of triiodothyronine (T3) given in early postnatal life on Sertoli cell proliferative activity, leading to their precocious terminal differentiation, has been demonstrated previously. However, data concerning the role of thyroid hormone on androgen metabolism of Sertoli cells during the same period are still lacking. In this study we performed a time-course investigation on the effects of T3 treatment on testosterone metabolism in Sertoli cells isolated from 2-, 3- and 4-weeks-old euthyroid rats. Triiodothyronine (3 μg/100 g body wt) was given ip., during the last week prior to sacrifice. Sertoli cells from all animal groups initially were cultured under basal conditions during the first 24 h and subsequently in the presence of testosterone (0.5 μmol/l) with or without T3 (1 nmol/l) for an additional 24 h. This treatment given to 2-week-old animals resulted in reduced testicular growth. As far as androgen metabolism is concerned, T3 in vivo and in vitro treatment in 2- and 3-week-old animals induced a lowering of dihydrotestosterone ± 3α-diol with an enhancement of the two other 5α-reduced androgens. The effect was much less pronounced in the oldest group. In both 2-and 3-week-old treated rats a marked reduction of oestradiol was observed, which indicates an inhibition of aromatase activity, mainly in younger animals. This enzyme has been reported to be extremely active in Sertoli cells of rats (of the same strain) between the age of 5 and 20 days, but it decreases rapidly thereafter. The results suggest that T3 given in early postnatal life could modify directly the androgen metabolism in Sertoli cells. Sebastiano Andò, Cattedra di Fisiopatologia Endocrina, Dipartimento di Biologia Cellulare, Università della Calabria, 87030 Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza, Italy

Tri-iodothyronine directly affects rat Sertoli cell proliferation and differentiation

1995 ◽  
Vol 145 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Palmero ◽  
M Prati ◽  
F Bolla ◽  
E Fugassa
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Sertoli Cell ◽  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Aromatase Activity ◽  
Functional Maturation ◽  
Cell Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Old Rats

Abstract The addition of physiological concentrations (1 nm) of tri-iodothyronine (T3) to the culture medium of Sertoli cells from prepubertal (8-day-old) rats stimulated both protein synthesis (+55%) and lactate (+50%) production, while it inhibited DNA synthesis (−30/35%) and aromatase activity (−45/50%); insignificant T3-dependent effects were observed in cultured Sertoli cells from midpubertal (28-day-old) rats. These data suggest an age-dependent role for thyroid hormone in promoting and maintaining Sertoli cell differentiation at puberty; moreover, the hormone is involved in the regulation of Sertoli cell proliferation. The present study validates the role of Sertoli cells as a specific target for T3 action at the testis level; it also demonstrates the existence of an early and critical direct influence of thyroid hormone on Sertoli cell proliferation and functional maturation. Journal of Endocrinology (1995) 145, 355–362

Follicle-stimulating hormone-dependent estrogen secretion by rat Sertoli cells in vitro: Modulation by calcium

1991 ◽  
Vol 125 (3) ◽  
pp. 280-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Alan Talbot ◽  
Ann Lambert ◽  
Robert Mitchell ◽  
Marek Grabinski ◽  
David C. Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Dibutyryl Camp ◽  
Immature Rat ◽  
Estradiol Secretion ◽  
Old Rats ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

Abstract We have investigated the role of Ca2+ in the control of FSH-induced estradiol secretion by Sertoli cells isolated from 8-10 days old rats. Exogenous Ca2+ (4-8 mmol/1) inhibited FSH-stimulated E2 secretion such that, with 8 mmol/l Ca2+ and FSH (8 IU/l) E2 secretion decreased from 2091±322 to 1480±84 pmol/l (p<0.002), whilst chelation of Ca2+ in the culture medium with EGTA (3 mmol/l) increased E2 secretion from 360±45 to 1242±133 pmol/l) in the absence of FSH. Further, EGTA (3 mmol/l) markedly potentiated FSH (8 IU/l), forskolin (1 μmol/l) and dibutyryl cAMP (1 mmol/l)-stimulated E2 secretion. Addition of the Ca2+ ionophores, ionomycin (2-5 μmol/l) and A23187 (2 μmol/l), inhibited FSH (8 IU/l)-stimulated E2 secretion by >80%. The effect of ionomycin was totally reversible, whereas that of A23187 was irreversible. Ionomycin (5 μmol/l) had no effect on EGTA-induced E2 secretion in the absence of FSH, but reduced EGTA-provoked E2 secretion by 59% in the presence of FSH (8 IU/l). Similarly, forskolin- and dibutyryl cAMP-provoked E2 production was inhibited 46-50% by ionomycin (5 μmol/l). We conclude that FSH-induced E2 secretion from immature rat Sertoli cells is modulated by intra- and extracellular Ca2+.

scholarly journals Anti-Obesity and Anti-Adipogenic Effects of Chitosan Oligosaccharide (GO2KA1) in SD Rats and in 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes Models

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 331
Author(s):  
Jung-Yun Lee ◽  
Tae Yang Kim ◽  
Hanna Kang ◽  
Jungbae Oh ◽  
Joo Woong Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chitosan Oligosaccharide ◽  
Sd Rats ◽  
Adipogenic Gene

Excess body weight is a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D) and associated metabolic complications, and weight loss has been shown to improve glycemic control and decrease morbidity and mortality in T2D patients. Weight-loss strategies using dietary interventions produce a significant decrease in diabetes-related metabolic disturbance. We have previously reported that the supplementation of low molecular chitosan oligosaccharide (GO2KA1) significantly inhibited blood glucose levels in both animals and humans. However, the effect of GO2KA1 on obesity still remains unclear. The aim of the study was to evaluate the anti-obesity effect of GO2KA1 on lipid accumulation and adipogenic gene expression using 3T3-L1 adipocytes in vitro and plasma lipid profiles using a Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat model. Murine 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were stimulated to differentiate under the adipogenic stimulation in the presence and absence of varying concentrations of GO2KA1. Adipocyte differentiation was confirmed by Oil Red O staining of lipids and the expression of adipogenic gene expression. Compared to control group, the cells treated with GO2KA1 significantly decreased in intracellular lipid accumulation with concomitant decreases in the expression of key transcription factors, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (CEBP/α). Consistently, the mRNA expression of downstream adipogenic target genes such as fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4), fatty acid synthase (FAS), were significantly lower in the GO2KA1-treated group than in the control group. In vivo, male SD rats were fed a high fat diet (HFD) for 6 weeks to induced obesity, followed by oral administration of GO2KA1 at 0.1 g/kg/body weight or vehicle control in HFD. We assessed body weight, food intake, plasma lipids, levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) for liver function, and serum level of adiponectin, a marker for obesity-mediated metabolic syndrome. Compared to control group GO2KA1 significantly suppressed body weight gain (185.8 ± 8.8 g vs. 211.6 ± 20.1 g, p < 0.05) with no significant difference in food intake. The serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels were significantly lower in the GO2KA1-treated group than in the control group, whereas the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) level was higher in the GO2KA1 group. The GO2KA1-treated group also showed a significant reduction in ALT and AST levels compared to the control. Moreover, serum adiponectin levels were significantly 1.5-folder higher than the control group. These in vivo and in vitro findings suggest that dietary supplementation of GO2KA1 may prevent diet-induced weight gain and the anti-obesity effect is mediated in part by inhibiting adipogenesis and increasing adiponectin level.

scholarly journals The Novel Arylamidine T-2307 MaintainsIn VitroandIn VivoActivity against Echinocandin-Resistant Candida albicans

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 1341-1343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan P. Wiederhold ◽  
Laura K. Najvar ◽  
Annette W. Fothergill ◽  
Rosie Bocanegra ◽  
Marcos Olivo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Invasive Candidiasis ◽  
Placebo Control ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fungal Burden ◽  
Potential Use

ABSTRACTWe evaluated thein vitroandin vivoactivities of the investigational arylamidine T-2307 against echinocandin-resistantCandida albicans. T-2307 demonstrated potentin vitroactivity, and daily subcutaneous doses between 0.75 and 6 mg/kg of body weight significantly improved survival and reduced fungal burden compared to placebo control and caspofungin (10 mg/kg/day) in mice with invasive candidiasis caused by an echinocandin-resistant strain. Thus, T-2307 may have potential use in the treatment of echinocandin-resistantC. albicansinfections.

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