The Estimation Formula for the Urinary Albumin-Creatinine Ratio Based on the Protein-Creatinine Ratio Are Not Valid for a Kidney Transplant and a Living Donor Cohort

Abstract Introduction Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a cause of hypoxia, and the correlation between hypoxia and microvascular complications is well known. Microalbuminuria (MAU) is a marker for endovascular dysfunction and an indicator of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality in the general population. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between microvascular damage and the metabolic complications of OSA based on the presence of MAU. Material and method Urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR) and microalbumin level were examined in patients with an apnoea-hypopnoea index (AHI) greater than 5/h (study group) and in patients with an AHI less than 5/h (control group). The exclusion criteria were other possible causes of MAU (hypertension, nephropathy, coronary artery disease, and severe thyroid dysfunction). Results Of 103 patients enrolled, 80 formed the group with OSA and 23 served as controls. According to the AHI values, the patients were divided into four groups as normal, mild, moderate and severe. There was no significant difference between the four groups in terms of the microalbumin level and urinary albumin/creatinine ratio. Conclusion In this study, no significant relationship was found between MAU and sleep apnoea.

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Association between obesity and urinary albumin-creatinine ratio in the middle-aged and elderly population of Southern and Northern China: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040214 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. e040214

Author(s):

Shan Qin ◽

Anping Wang ◽

Shi Gu ◽

Weiqing Wang ◽

Zhengnan Gao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Kidney Diseases ◽

Northern China ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Urinary Albumin ◽

Creatinine Ratio ◽

Sectional Study ◽

The South ◽

Northern Population ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Albumin Creatinine Ratio

ObjectiveThe relationship between obesity and albuminuria has not been clarified. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between obesity and the urinary albumin-creatinine ratio (UACR) in Southern and Northern China.DesignA descriptive, cross-sectional study.SettingEight regional centres in REACTION (China’s Risk Evaluation of cAncers in Chinese diabeTic Individuals, a lONgitudinal study), including Dalian, Lanzhou, Zhengzhou, Guangzhou, Guangxi, Luzhou, Shanghai and Wuhan.ParticipantsA total of 41 085 patients who were not diagnosed with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and had good compliance were selected according to the inclusion criteria. Patients who were diagnosed with CKD, who had other kidney diseases that could lead to increased urinary protein excretion, who were using angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers and whose important data were missing were excluded.ResultsParticipants with both, central and peripheral obesity, had a higher risk of elevated UACR, even after adjusting for multiple factors (OR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.07 to 1.12, p<0.001), and the risk of high UACR in the South was more prominent than that in the North (OR South: 1.22, 95% CI: 1.11 to 1.34; OR North: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.04 to 1.22, p<0.001). The risk was also elevated in the male population, hypertensive individuals, glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c)≥6.5% and age ≥60 years in the South. Besides the above groups, diabetes was also a risk factor for the Northern population.ConclusionsIn China, people with both central and peripheral obesity are prone to a high UACR, and the southern population has a higher risk than northern population. Factors such as male sex, hypertension, HbA1c≥6.5% and an age ≥60 years are also risk factors for CKD.

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METS-IR, a novel score to evaluate insulin sensitivity, is associated with the urinary albumin–creatinine ratio in Chinese adults: A cross-sectional REACTION study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-731268/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Wanlu Su ◽

Jie Wang ◽

Songyan Yu ◽

Kang Chen ◽

Wenhua Yan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

Urinary Albumin ◽

Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽

Creatinine Ratio ◽

Discriminative Ability ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Albumin Creatinine Ratio

Abstract BackgroundThe metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR) is a novel noninsulin-based metabolic index used as a substitution marker of insulin resistance. However, whether METS-IR is associated with the urinary albumin–creatinine ratio (UACR) is not well known. Therefore, we explored the associations between METS-IR and UACR and compared the discriminative ability of METS-IR and its components for elevated UACR. MethodsThis study included 37,290 subjects. METS-IR was calculated as follows: (Ln [2 × fasting blood glucose (FBG) + fasting triglyceride level (TG 0 )] × body mass index (BMI))/[Ln (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C))]. Participants were divided into four groups on the basis of METS-IR: <25%, 25%–49%, 50%–74%, and ≥75%. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the associations between METS-IR vs. its components (FBG, TG 0 , BMI, and HDL-C) with UACR. ResultsParticipants with the highest quartile METS-IR presented a more significant trend towards elevated UACR than towards its components (odds ratio [OR]: 1.260, 95% CI: 1.152–1.378, P < 0.001 in all subjects; OR: 1.321, 95% CI: 1.104–1.579, P = 0.002 in men; OR: 1.201, 95% CI: 1.083–1.330, P < 0.001 in women). There were significant associations between METS-IR and UACR in younger participants (<65 years for women and 55–64 years for men). Increased METS-IR was significantly associated with UACR in men with FBG ≥ 5.6 mmol/L or postprandial blood glucose ≥ 7.8 mmol/L and systolic blood pressure ≥ 120 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 80 mmHg. The relationships were significant in women with diabetes and hypertension.ConclusionsIncreased METS-IR was significantly associated with elevated UACR, and its discriminative power for elevated UACR was superior to that of its components. This findings support the clinical significance of METS-IR for evaluating renal function damage.

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Seasonal variations of urinary albumin creatinine ratio in Japanese subjects with Type 2 diabetes and early nephropathy

Diabetic Medicine ◽

10.1111/j.1464-5491.2011.03472.x ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

pp. 506-508 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Y. Wada ◽

Y. Hamamoto ◽

H. Ikeda ◽

S. Honjo ◽

Y. Kawasaki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Seasonal Variations ◽

Urinary Albumin ◽

Creatinine Ratio ◽

Albumin Creatinine Ratio ◽

Japanese Subjects

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Evaluation of spot urinary albumin - creatinine ratio as a screening tool in the prediction of pre-eclampsia in early pregnancy: a pilot study

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20200339 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 575

Author(s):

Rajeshwari G. ◽

Akshaya Girish Dongare ◽

G. L. Patil ◽

Tejaswi Pujar

Keyword(s):

Prospective Observational Study ◽

Screening Tool ◽

Urinary Albumin ◽

Creatinine Ratio ◽

Perinatal Morbidity ◽

Singleton Pregnancy ◽

Chi Square ◽

Albumin Creatinine Ratio ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Student’S T

Background: Pre-eclampsia is one of the leading causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality in India. Objective of this study was to establish whether a spot urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR) measured between 18-28 weeks of gestation can predict subsequent pre-eclampsia in asymptomatic pregnant women.Methods: A prospective observational study involving 50 registered antenatal cases visiting the obstetrics outpatient department between 18-28 weeks of singleton pregnancy with nil proteinuria upon dipstick measurement were included. ACR was determined from random single midstream urine sample. Statistical analysis was performed using Chi square test and Student’s t-test.Results: Of the study group, 10 patients had high ACR value, with 8(80%) developed pre-eclampsia and 2(20%) remained normotensive. ACR had a sensitivity of 80%, specificity 97.56%, positive predictive value of 88.89%, diagnostic accuracy of the test being 94.12%.Conclusions: The spot urinary protein creatinine ratio is a reliable predictor for pre-eclampsia in pregnancy.

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Relation between Blood Pressure Management and Renal Effects of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors in Diabetic Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

Journal of Diabetes Research ◽

10.1155/2019/9415313 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Kazuo Kobayashi ◽

Masao Toyoda ◽

Noriko Kaneyama ◽

Nobuo Hatori ◽

Takayuki Furuki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Urinary Albumin ◽

Analysis Of Covariance ◽

Creatinine Ratio ◽

Pressure Management ◽

Albumin Creatinine Ratio ◽

Blood Pressure Management ◽

Sodium Glucose Cotransporter ◽

Covariance Models

Aim. The renoprotective effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors is thought to be due, at least in part, to a decrease in blood pressure. The aim of this study was to determine the renal effects of these inhibitors in low blood pressure patients and the dependence of such effect on blood pressure management status. Methods. The subjects of this retrospective study were 740 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease who had been managed at the clinical facilities of the Kanagawa Physicians Association. Data on blood pressure management status and urinary albumin-creatinine ratio were analyzed before and after treatment. Results. Changes in the logarithmic value of urinary albumin-creatinine ratio in 327 patients with blood pressure<130/80 mmHg at the initiation of treatment and in 413 patients with BP above 130/80 mmHg were −0.13±1.05 and −0.24±0.97, respectively. However, there was no significant difference between the two groups by analysis of covariance models after adjustment of the logarithmic value of urinary albumin-creatinine ratio at initiation of treatment. Changes in the logarithmic value of urinary albumin-creatinine ratio in patients with mean blood pressure of <102 mmHg (n=537) and those with ≥102 mmHg (n=203) at the time of the survey were −0.25±1.02 and −0.03±0.97, respectively, and the difference was significant in analysis of covariance models even after adjustment for the logarithmic value of urinary albumin-creatinine ratio at initiation of treatment (p<0.001). Conclusion. Our results confirmed that blood pressure management status after treatment with SGLT2 inhibitors influences the extent of change in urinary albumin-creatinine ratio. Stricter blood pressure management is needed to allow the renoprotective effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors.

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