EFFECT OF FOOT POSTURE INDEX ASSOCIATED WITH BODY MASS INDEX AND STANDING BALANCE IN HEALTHY POPULATION: AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

Background: The Foot Posture Index (FPI) quantifies foot posture on the basis of six criteria. Although the male foot is longer and broader than the female foot, limited evidence exists about the differences in foot posture between the sexes and which are its biological and anthropometric determinants. We sought to evaluate possible sex differences in the FPI and the determinants influencing foot posture. Methods: In 400 individuals (201 men and 199 women), the FPI was determined in the static bipedal stance and relaxed position. The FPI was obtained as the sum of the scores (−2, −1, 0, 1, or 2) given to each of six criteria. A multiple regression model was constructed of the overall FPI against age, weight, height, body mass index, and foot size. Results: The mean ± SD FPI was 2.0 ± 4.3 overall, 1.6 ± 4.5 for men, and 2.4 ± 4.1 for women, with the difference being nonsignificant (P = .142). The neutral posture was the most frequent (57.3%). A greater proportion of women had neutral and pronated feet, and a greater proportion of men had supinated and highly supinated feet, with the differences being nonsignificant (P = .143). Foot size, height, and body mass index together explained 10.1% of the overall FPI value (P < .001). Conclusions: The most frequent posture was neutral with a certain degree of pronation, with no differences in FPI values between men and women. Participants with larger foot sizes had higher FPI values, whereas taller and heavier participants had lower FPI values. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 103(5): 400–404, 2013)

Download Full-text

Relationship of Body Mass Index and Footprint Morphology to the Actual Height of the Medial Longitudinal Arch of the Foot

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18189815 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (18) ◽

pp. 9815

Author(s):

Carolina Rosende-Bautista ◽

Pedro V. Munuera-Martínez ◽

Teresa Seoane-Pillado ◽

María Reina-Bueno ◽

Francisco Alonso-Tajes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Individual Characteristics ◽

Medial Longitudinal Arch ◽

Men And Women ◽

Foot Posture Index ◽

Posture Index ◽

Longitudinal Arch ◽

Flat Feet ◽

Foot Posture

The medial longitudinal arch height of the foot is linked to individual characteristics such as sex and body mass index, and these characteristics have been shown to be associated with conditions such as flat feet. In this cross-sectional descriptive study, we examined the medial longitudinal arch morphology in an adult population to determine if there are differences related to sex and body mass index, and values were obtained for the foot posture index. Normalized anthropometric measurements and arch indices were calculated from footprints. Groups, defined by sex and body mass index, were compared, and the correlations between body mass index and the variables were determined. In the population studied (266 women and 177 men), significant differences between men and women for the foot posture index and normalized arch measurements were found. Analysis of the variables related to body mass index indicated there were significant differences in arch indices. Significant differences and positive correlations were also found between the arch index and body mass index for the left and right feet among the men and women studied. The results obtained allow us to reflect on and analyze whether the medial longitudinal arch morphology classification methods used in the clinical and research setting are adequate or whether the influence of factors such as body mass index can generate confusion.

Download Full-text

Contribution Levels of Intrinsic Risk Factors to the Management of Patients with Plantar Heel Pain

Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association ◽

10.7547/13-169 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 106 (2) ◽

pp. 88-92 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ana Belen Ortega-Avila ◽

Antonio I. Cuesta-Vargas ◽

Ana María Jiménez-Cebrián ◽

María Teresa Labajos-Manzanares ◽

Francisco Javier Barón-López ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Health Status ◽

Body Mass ◽

Heel Pain ◽

Foot Health ◽

Foot Posture Index ◽

Health Status Questionnaire ◽

Posture Index ◽

Foot Posture ◽

Foot Health Status Questionnaire

Background: Of all of the lower-extremity injuries with multifactorial causes, heel pain represents the most frequent reason for visits to health-care professionals. Managing patients with heel pain can be very difficult. The purpose of this research was to identify key variables that can influence foot health in patients with heel pain. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was performed with 62 participants recruited from the Educational Welfare Unit of the University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain. Therapists, blinded for the study, acquired the anthropometric information and the Foot Posture Index, and participants completed the Foot Health Status Questionnaire. Results: The most significant results reveal that there is a moderate relationship between clinical variables such as footwear and Foot Health Status Questionnaire commands such as Shoe (r = 0.515; P < .001). The most significant model domain was General Health (P < .001), with the highest determination coefficient (beta not standard = 34.05). The most significant predictable variable was body mass index (−0.110). Conclusions: The variables that can help us manage clinical patients with heel pain are age, body mass index, footwear, and Foot Posture Index (left foot).

Download Full-text

The relationship between foot posture index, ankle equinus, body mass index and intermetatarsal neuroma

Journal of Foot and Ankle Research ◽

10.1186/s13047-016-0179-9 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Reza Naraghi ◽

Alexandra Bremner ◽

Linda Slack-Smith ◽

Alan Bryant

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Foot Posture Index ◽

Posture Index ◽

Foot Posture ◽

The Relationship

Download Full-text

A Study to Co-Relate the Foot Posture Index, H/M Ratio and Spatial Gait Parameters in Post-Stroke Patients with Ankle Planter-Flexor(Calf) Spasticity- An Observational Study

Indian Journal of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy - An International Journal ◽

10.37506/ijpot.v14i3.9696 ◽

2020 ◽

Keyword(s):

Observational Study ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Foot Posture Index ◽

Posture Index ◽

Post Stroke ◽

Gait Parameters ◽

Foot Posture

Download Full-text

Clinical measures of foot posture and ankle joint dorsiflexion do not differ in adults with and without plantar heel pain

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-85520-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Karl B. Landorf ◽

Michelle R. Kaminski ◽

Shannon E. Munteanu ◽

Gerard V. Zammit ◽

Hylton B. Menz

Keyword(s):

Ankle Joint ◽

Body Mass ◽

Heel Pain ◽

Foot Posture Index ◽

Posture Index ◽

Plantar Heel Pain ◽

Ankle Joint Dorsiflexion ◽

Foot Posture ◽

Arch Index ◽

Clinical Measures

AbstractFoot posture and ankle joint dorsiflexion have long been proposed to be risk factors for plantar heel pain, however body mass may be a confounder when investigating these factors. The aim of this study was to determine if clinical measures of foot posture and ankle joint dorsiflexion differ in adults with and without plantar heel pain after accounting for body mass. This was a cross-sectional observational study that compared 50 participants with plantar heel pain to 25 control participants without plantar heel pain who were matched for age, sex and body mass index. Foot posture was assessed using the Foot Posture Index and the Arch Index. Ankle joint dorsiflexion was assessed with a weightbearing lunge test with the knee extended and with the knee flexed. No significant differences (P < 0.05) were found between the groups for foot posture, whether measured with the Foot Posture Index or the Arch Index. Similarly, no significant differences were found in the weightbearing lunge test whether measured with the knee extended or with the knee flexed. Clinical measures of foot posture and ankle joint dorsiflexion do not differ in adults with and without plantar heel pain when body mass is accounted for. Therefore, clinicians should not focus exclusively on foot posture and ankle dorsiflexion and ignore the contribution of overweight or obesity.

Download Full-text

FRI0415 BODY MASS INDEX AND STATIC FOOT DISORDERS IN GONARTHROSIC PATIENTS

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases ◽

10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.6337 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽

pp. 806.3-806

Author(s):

K. Maatallah ◽

M. Hfaidh ◽

H. Ferjani ◽

W. Triki ◽

D. Kaffel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Navicular Bone ◽

Hindfoot Alignment ◽

Knee Oa ◽

Postural Changes ◽

Flat Feet ◽

Foot Posture ◽

Hindfoot Deformities

Background:Several studies have shown that there is a link between body mass index (BMI) and painful foot imputed to a biomechanical change in foot structure [1].Objectives:Our objective was to study the association between BMI and static foot disorders in gonarthrosic subjects.Methods:It was a prospective descriptive study conducted in the rheumatology department of the Mohamed Kassab Institute of Orthopedics with 60 patients with Gonarthrosis. The socio-demographic data of the patients were studied. BMI was calculated for all patients. Static foot disorders have been studied.Results:Sixty patients were included, 83.3% of whom were female. The average age was 55.2 years [38-78 years]. The disease has been evolving for an average of 6 years [1-13 years]. The lesion was bilateral in 80% of cases, the average body mass index was 30.4 kg / m2 [24-36]. Knee arthritis was classified as stage I, II and III according to the Kellgren and Lawrence classification in 18.5%, 55.6% and 25.9% of patients respectively. The foot examination involved 108 gonarthrosic limbs. Examination of the integuments showed hyperkeratosis in 94.4% of the cases (79.6% calluses and 83.3% callosities). Forefoot deformities were Hallux valgus (HV) in 52.8% of cases and overlapping toes in 18.5% of cases. Pronation deformity using the Foot Posture Index (FPI) was found in 51.9% of cases. Abnormal lowering of navicular bone was noted in 51.9%. The podoscopic impression revealed flat feet in 73.2% of the cases.A statistically significant association was found between BMI and the presence of calluses (31.21 ± 2.897 vs26.83 ± 1.425, p <0.001), with HV (31.37 ± 3.086 vs29.49 ± 2.969, p = 0.002), at the overlap of the toes (33.2 ± 1.361vs29.86 ± 1.130, p <0.001), with the lowering of the navicular bone (31.17 ± 2.885vs29.68 ± 3.304, p = 0.015), FPI (p = 0.003) and flat podoscopic impression (p <0.001).Conclusion:BMI is strongly associated with static feet disorders in gonarthrosic patients by aggravating the postural changes in the foot caused by knee osteoarthritis [2]. Obesity is associated mainly with the existence of flat feet, pronation of the foot, toes deformities and hyperkeratosis.References:[1]Steele JR, Mickle KJ, Munro B. Fat flat frail feet: how does obesity affect the older foot. XXII Congress of the International Society of Biomechanics; 2009[2]Norton AA, Callaghan JJ, Amendola A, Phisitkul P, Wongsak S, Liu SS, et al. Correlation of knee and hindfoot deformities in advanced knee OA: compensatory hindfoot alignment and where it occurs. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2015;473(1):166-74Disclosure of Interests:None declared

Download Full-text

Effects of sedentary behavior and daily walking steps on body mass index and body composition: Prospective observational study using outpatient clinical data of Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes

Journal of Diabetes Investigation ◽

10.1111/jdi.13527 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shuhei Nakanishi ◽

Masashi Shimoda ◽

Fuminori Tatsumi ◽

Kenji Kohara ◽

Atsushi Obata ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Composition ◽

Observational Study ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

Body Mass ◽

Clinical Data ◽

Prospective Observational Study ◽

Japanese Patients

Download Full-text

Maternal body mass index and oxytocin in augmentation of labour in nulliparous women: a prospective observational study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044754 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. e044754

Author(s):

Anna Ramö Isgren ◽

Preben Kjölhede ◽

Sara Carlhäll ◽

Marie Blomberg

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Observational Study ◽

Body Mass ◽

Infusion Rate ◽

Maximum Rate ◽

Prospective Observational Study ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Nulliparous Women ◽

Oxytocin Infusion ◽

Labour Ward

ObjectiveTo evaluate oxytocin use for augmentation of labour in relation to body mass index (BMI) on admission to the labour ward, focusing on cumulative oxytocin dose and maximum rate of oxytocin infusion during the first stage of labour.DesignProspective observational study.SettingSeven hospitals in Sweden.Participants1097 nulliparous women with singleton cephalic presentation pregnancy, ≥37 weeks of gestation, spontaneous onset of labour and treatment with oxytocin infusion for labour augmentation. The study population was classified into three BMI subgroups on admission to the labour ward: normal weight (18.5–24.9), overweight (25.0–29.9) and obese (≥30.0). The cumulative oxytocin dose was measured from the start of oxytocin infusion until the neonate was born.Primary outcomeCumulative oxytocin dose.Secondary outcomeMaximum rate of oxytocin infusion during the active phase of first stage of labour.ResultsThe mean cumulative oxytocin dose increased in the BMI groups (normal weight 2278 mU, overweight 3108 mU and obese 4082 mU (p<0.0001)). However, when adjusted for the confounders (cervical dilatation when oxytocin infusion was started, fetal birth weight, epidural analgesia), the significant difference was no longer seen. The maximum oxytocin infusion rate during the first stage of labour differed significantly in the BMI groups when adjusted for the confounding factors individually but not when adjusted for all three factors simultaneously. In addition, the maximum oxytocin infusion rate was significantly higher in women with emergency caesarean section compared with women with vaginal delivery.ConclusionsWomen with increasing BMI with augmentation of labour received a higher cumulative oxytocin dose and had a higher maximum oxytocin infusion rate during first stage of labour, however, when adjusted for relevant confounders, the difference was no longer seen. In the future, the guidelines for augmentation of labour with oxytocin infusion might be reconsidered and include modifications related to BMI.

Download Full-text