scholarly journals Fedwire Funds Service: Payments, Balances, and Available Liquidity

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (070) ◽  
pp. 1-51
Author(s):  
Anton Badev ◽  
◽  
Lauren Clark ◽  
Daniel Ebanks ◽  
Jeffrey Marquardt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Federal Reserve ◽  
The Universe

We analyze the universe of payments settled through the Fedwire Funds Service--the primary U.S. real-time gross settlement service operated by the Federal Reserve--for the period January 2004 to December 2020. We report on trends in payments volume, payments value, balances, and overdrafts, in addition to documenting changes in the behavior of financial institutions transacting via the Fedwire Funds Service.

Regulation of Swaps

2019 ◽  
pp. 249-286
Author(s):  
Alan N. Rechtschaffen
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Consumer Protection ◽  
Federal Reserve ◽  
Regulatory Regime ◽  
Wall Street ◽  
Regulatory Oversight ◽  
Consumer Protection Act ◽  
Reporting Requirements ◽  
Derivatives Markets

Former Federal Reserve Chairman Ben S. Bernanke classified derivatives as a “vulnerability” of the financial system that led to the financial crisis. He explained that derivatives concentrated risk within particular financial institutions and markets without sufficient regulatory oversight. The Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act—Dodd-Frank—constituted a seismic shift in the regulation of financial institutions and markets in a massive effort to address regulatory shortcomings in derivatives markets. This chapter discusses the Dodd-Frank regulatory regime. Topics covered include the Dodd-Frank and derivatives trading; jurisdiction and registration; clearing, exchange, capital and margin, and reporting requirements; analysis of the provisions of Dodd-Frank on derivatives trading; rationale behind the exemptions and exclusions; the Lincoln Rule; Futures Commission Merchants; and criticisms of Dodd-Frank's derivatives trading provisions.

scholarly journals EXACT INHOMOGENEOUS MODELS AND THE DRIFT OF LIGHT RAYS INDUCED BY NONSYMMETRIC FLOW OF THE COSMIC MEDIUM

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (06) ◽  
pp. 1330013 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDRZEJ KRASIŃSKI ◽  
KRZYSZTOF BOLEJKO
Keyword(s):  
Time Dependence ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Null Geodesic ◽  
Cosmological Models ◽  
Zero Drift ◽  
Inhomogeneous Models ◽  
Cosmic Medium ◽  
Light Rays ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
The Universe

After introducing the Szekeres and Lemaître–Tolman cosmological models, the real-time cosmology program is briefly mentioned. Then, a few widespread misconceptions about the cosmological models are pointed out and corrected. Investigation of null geodesic equations in the Szekeres models shows that observers in favorable positions would see galaxies drift across the sky at a rate of up to 10-6 arc s per year. Such a drift would be possible to measure using devices that are under construction; the required time of monitoring would be ≈10 years. This effect is zero in the FLRW models, so it provides a measure of inhomogeneity of the Universe. In the Szekeres models, the condition for zero drift is zero shear. But in the shearfree normal models, the condition for zero drift is that, in the comoving coordinates, the time dependence of the metric completely factors out.

scholarly journals The Commensal Real-Time ASKAP Fast-Transients (CRAFT) Survey

2010 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 272-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Pierre Macquart ◽  
M. Bailes ◽  
N. D. R. Bhat ◽  
G. C. Bower ◽  
J. D. Bunton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Data Stream ◽  
High Time Resolution ◽  
Radio Sources ◽  
Survey Experiment ◽  
High Brightness ◽  
Gravitational Fields ◽  
Fast Transients ◽  
Strong Gravitational Fields ◽  
The Universe

AbstractWe are developing a purely commensal survey experiment for fast (<5 s) transient radio sources. Short-timescale transients are associated with the most energetic and brightest single events in the Universe. Our objective is to cover the enormous volume of transients parameter space made available by ASKAP, with an unprecedented combination of sensitivity and field of view. Fast timescale transients open new vistas on the physics of high brightness temperature emission, extreme states of matter and the physics of strong gravitational fields. In addition, the detection of extragalactic objects affords us an entirely new and extremely sensitive probe on the huge reservoir of baryons present in the IGM. We outline here our approach to the considerable challenge involved in detecting fast transients, particularly the development of hardware fast enough to dedisperse and search the ASKAP data stream at or near real-time rates. Through CRAFT, ASKAP will provide the testbed of many of the key technologies and survey modes proposed for high time resolution science with the SKA.

scholarly journals Capital Adequacy and Liquidity of Global Financial Institutions: A Study of Reforms after the Great Recession

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. p419
Author(s):  
Mehdi Monadjemi ◽  
John Lodewijks
Keyword(s):  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Great Recession ◽  
Federal Reserve ◽  
Financial Crises ◽  
Central Banks ◽  
Capital Adequacy ◽  
Federal Reserve Bank ◽  
The Great Recession ◽  
The Great Depression ◽  
Reserve Bank

The global financial crises of 2007-2009 was followed by the Great Recession which was the worst since the Great Depression of 1930s. The crises left significant adverse effects on global growth and employment. Policymakers of affected countries responded differently to the outcomes of these crises. The central banks, including US Federal Reserve Bank and Bank of England, provided ample liquidity for the financial institutions and lowered the interest rate to near zero. The policymakers and regulators realized that capital inadequacy and insufficient liquidity of financial institutions were the main problems preventing the financial firms to protect themselves against major financial crises. In addition, lack of guidelines for compensations encourages managers to take the extra risks. The US Federal Reserve Bank took the initiative, in cooperation with international central banks to introduce rules and regulations to safeguard the financial systems against another major crisis. It is not guaranteed that another episode of financial instability will not happen again. However, with existing regulations on financial institutions in force, the severity of the crises on the whole global financial system may possibly become weaker. This is a conjecture we explore here.

Connecting the Dots

2015 ◽  
pp. 345-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Programming Language ◽  
Living Organism ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Real Time Data ◽  
Connecting The Dots ◽  
Graphical System ◽  
The Universe

This chapter presents the motivation, background, and implementation of Living Mandala: The Cosmic of Being1, an interactive graphics installation that combines real-time data, multi-cultural mandalas, scientific imagery, and cosmological symbols. Built with an open source programming language and environment, this living contemporary symbol is an exploration into uncharted territories of the human soul sculpted by our present time. Its interactive revolving graphical system visualizes our perceptions of life (microcosm) and the universe (macrocosm), our connections to ancient mythology, cosmology, and cultural heritage, and the relationships among humankind, science, technology, and nature in a globalized society. Merging rich historical, cultural, and scientific imagery and symbols with real-time data and relaxing sound, this living organism alters every moment responding to the movement, color, light, sound, and temperature of its surroundings.2

A Comprehensive Analysis of Cyber Security Protection Approaches for Financial Firms: A Case of Al Rajhi Bank, Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
pp. 8-17
Author(s):  
Mohammed I. Alghamdi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Cyber Security ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Security Threats ◽  
Security Measures ◽  
Financial Firms ◽  
Positive Effects

In the modern internet-connected society, technologies underpin almost every action in society. Although there have been positive effects of technologies in the organization, there have been forensic specialists indicating the issues and challenges with cyber security threats. The real-time conditions provide the capability of the organization in detecting, analyzing, and defending individuals against such threats. In this research project, the focus is on understanding the cyber security threats and the protection approaches to be utilized in safeguarding threats from financial institutions. With the Covid-19 pandemic, most of the financial firms, including Al Rajhi Bank, are utilizing technologies in their operations, and this has exposed them to cyber security threats. From the literature review conducted, the financial firms need to consider cyber security approaches including implementing triple DES, RSA, and blowfish algorithms in improving the security measures of the organizations.

Part IV UK Payment and Settlement, 12 UK Payment Systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rogers Jonathan
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Financial Market ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Payment Systems ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
Payments Systems ◽  
Efficient Processing ◽  
The Uk

This chapter looks at the main provisions of the Banking Act and the 2013 Act, as well as the actions taken by the regulators under these Acts in the present time and in future developments. It discusses payments systems as an essential part of any modern financial market economy that enables the fast and efficient processing of transactions. It also describes the increase in the turnover of payment systems and digitization of the UK economy that made financial institutions and regulators recognize the central importance of payment systems in supporting a technologically enabled global economy. This chapter talks about regulators that are focused both on real time supervision and the modernization and development of the UK's payment systems. It mentions CREST as one of the eight payment systems that are currently recognised by the Treasury.

Financial Impact of COVID-19: Stock Market Volatility and US Cash Crisis

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 45-56
Author(s):  
Umidahon Mardonovna Ubaydullaeva ◽  
Viktoriya Andreevna Tolstikova
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Federal Reserve ◽  
The United States ◽  
Current Level ◽  
Financial Impact ◽  
Stock Market Volatility ◽  
Difficult Situation ◽  
The Us ◽  
Reserve System

This article examines the financial implications of COVID-19 in the United States. The author examines the problems faced by financial institutions in America and tries to answer two questions. First, is the current level of volatility in the US “normal”? Second, will COVID-19 and low oil prices lead to a cash crisis in the country? To answer the questions posed, the main indexes and indicators of the stock market are assessed. Also, the author analyzes the behavior of companies and how they "adapt" to new realities. Particular attention is paid to the Federal Reserve System, which is trying to help companies get out of a difficult situation.

scholarly journals Monetary Policy Rules Based on Real-Time Data

2001 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 964-985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athanasios Orphanides
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Federal Reserve ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Policy Rules ◽  
Monetary Policy Rules ◽  
Reaction Functions ◽  
Ex Post

This paper examines the magnitude of informational problems associated with the implementation and interpretation of simple monetary policy rules. Using Taylor's rule as an example, I demonstrate that real-time policy recommendations differ considerably from those obtained with ex post revised data. Further, estimated policy reaction functions based on ex post revised data provide misleading descriptions of historical policy and obscure the behavior suggested by information available to the Federal Reserve in real time. These results indicate that reliance on the information actually available to policy makers in real time is essential for the analysis of monetary policy rules. (JEL E52, E58)

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