scholarly journals FRATRICIDE OR PATRICIDE –THE CRISIS OF PATRIARCHY IN THE NOVELS ĐUKA BEGOVIĆBY IVAN KOZARAC AND ZEMJABY ELIN PELIN

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-111
Author(s):  
Marijana Bijelić ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Explanation ◽  
Capitalist Society ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Mimetic Theory ◽  
Rene Girard ◽  
René Girard ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Structural Positions

Sincethe plots of the novels Đuka Begovićand Zemja(Land) by Elin Pelin are constructed around the ancient mythical murder motifs of patricide and fratricide, this analysis relies on mimetic theory by Rene Girard that is also constructed as a theoretical explanation of the afore mentioned mythical murders. Although Girard denies libidinal and object-directed causation of desire, in his polemics with the Freudian model of the libidinal desire Girard implies that there is a privileged object of desire in the patriarchal order –i.e. women because the father is the natural model for the son, and men’s desire for women is interindividually directed and intensified. Money and some other types of property are the privileged objects in a capitalist society –since thedesires of all members of the society are concentrated around them. The crisis of patriarchal order in Đuka Begovićcauses the loss of degree and the elevation of the structural positions of the father and the son, which then becomes the motive for Đuka’spatricide. On the other hand, the idealization and the persevered authority of the older brother causes Enjo’s repentance and the semi-establishing of the patriarchal order in the novel Zemja. The idealized older brother in the Pelin’s novel preserves thefunction of the paternal authority, and the father in Kozarac’s novel loses his authority and degree so he functions as the rival brother within the framework of the Girardian mimetic theory.

scholarly journals The influence of J.-P. Sartre’s philosophy on the mimetic theory of R. Girard

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
Maxim V. Gafurov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The Novel ◽  
Cartesian Dualism ◽  
Mimetic Theory ◽  
Mimetic Desire ◽  
Critical View ◽  
Philosophical Thought ◽  
Literary Structure ◽  
Self And Other ◽  
Rene Girard ◽  
René Girard

Certainly Sartre had an enormous influence on the subsequent philosophical thought, primarily in France. Rene Girard did not ignore this thinker either. In this article we will look at the influence of Sartre’s philosophy on the formation of Rene Girard’s mimetic theory. Already in his early work, “Deceit, Desire and the Novel: Self and Other in Literary Structure”, Rene Girard repeatedly refers to the work of Sartre, explaining how his work can be considered in the context of mimetic theory. Further, in an interview with Michel Treger in 1992, Girard controversially proposes to examine the existential-phenomenological constructions of Sartre by means of mimetic theory, putting forward his vision and critical view on overcoming the Cartesian dualism that Girard finds in Sartre’s philosophy. The author of the article considers the convergence of the mimetic theory of R. Girard with some provisions of the work by J.-P. Sartre, turning to one of the main philosophical works of J.-P. Sartre “Being and Nothingness”, which also influenced the early work of R. Girard. It should be noted that J.-P. Sartre does not offer a system describing the mechanisms of mimetic desire. But through the prism of mimetic theory we can see certain philosophical intuitions that reveal to us the nature of mimetic desires in the works of Sartre.

scholarly journals Identiteit en narratieven in Dit zijn de namen van Tommy Wieringa

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 219-227
Author(s):  
Sonya Dimitrova
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Dynamic Nature ◽  
Midlife Crisis ◽  
Rene Girard ◽  
René Girard ◽  
Scapegoat Mechanism ◽  
The One ◽  
Psychoanalytic Theories

Identity and narratives in Dit zijn de namen by Tommy WieringaTommy Wieringa is one of the most prominent contemporary Dutch novelists. The novel These are the Names 2012 depicts, on the one hand, a police commissioner’s need for faith in midlife crisis and, on the other, the journey of a group of refugees in the steppe in search for civilisation and salvation. On the edge of existence and without any point of narrative reference, the refugees kill one of them and then sacralise their act. Using a postmodern paradigm, in particular, the psychoanalytic theories and the theory of the scapegoat mechanism developed by René Girard, this paper attempts to show the connection between the lack of narrative and the birth of the ritual, which is later to become a myth. This underlines the dynamic nature of identity and its dependence on various narratives.

scholarly journals Teoria Mimética e vulnerabilidade do sujeito – Ou: René Girard, Sigmund Freud e Oswald de Andrade | Mimetic Theory and the vulnerability of the subject – Or: René Girard, Sigmund Freud and Oswald de Andrade

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-77
Author(s):  
João Cezar De Castro Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mimetic Theory ◽  
Rene Girard ◽  
René Girard ◽  
The Subject

ResumoEsse artigo propõe um contraponto entre a teoria mimética de René Girard, as considerações freudianas sobre sujeito e a obra de Oswald de Andrade. O sujeito mimético coincide com o sujeito antropofágico oswaldiano, pois idêntica divisa poderia defini-los, transformando o alheio em próprio, e transformá-lo a tal ponto que as fronteiras entre o eu e o outro se confundem. Cada um a seu modo, Oswald de Andrade e René Girard assimilaram criativamente a lição freudiana, especialmente a leitura de Totem e Tabu (1913). O pensador e poeta brasileiro inverteu os termos da equação, descobrindo “a transformação permanente do Tabu em totem”.Palavras-chave: Teoria Mimética Girardiana. Sujeito Mimético. Antropofagia em Oswald de Andrade. Totem e Tabu. AbstractThis article proposes a comparison among René Girard’s mimetic theory, Freudian assumptions on the self and Oswald de Andrade’s work. The mimetic self coincides with the Oswaldian anthropophagic subject, since the identical division could define them, transforming the other in the self, and transform it in such a way that the limits between the self and the other can be confused. Each one in his own way, Oswald de Andrade and René Girard assimilated creatively Freud’s lesson, especially the reading of Totem and Taboo (1913). The thinker and Brazilian poet inverted the terms in the formula, descovering ‘the permanent transformation of the Taboo in totem.’Keywords: Girardian Mimetic Theory. Mimetic Self. Anthropophagy in Oswald de Andrade. Totem and Taboo.

scholarly journals Gandhi’s Militant Nonviolence in the Light of Girard’s Mimetic Anthropology

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 988
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Palaver
Keyword(s):  
Fear Of Death ◽  
Mimetic Theory ◽  
Rene Girard ◽  
Cultural Anthropologist ◽  
René Girard ◽  
Contagious Nature ◽  
Nonviolent Action ◽  
God's Grace

Nuclear rivalry, as well as terrorism and the war against terror, exemplify the dangerous escalation of violence that is threatening our world. Gandhi’s militant nonviolence offers a possible alternative that avoids a complacent indifference toward injustice as well as the imitation of violence that leads to its escalation. The French-American cultural anthropologist René Girard discovered mimetic rivalries as one of the main roots of human conflicts, and also highlighted the contagious nature of violence. This article shows that Gandhi shares these basic insights of Girard’s anthropology, which increases the plausibility of his plea for nonviolence. Reading Gandhi with Girard also complements Girard’s mimetic theory by offering an active practice of nonviolence as a response to violent threats, and by broadening the scope of its religious outreach. Gandhi’s reading of the Sermon on Mount not only renounces violence and retaliation like Girard but also underlines the need to actively break with evil. Both Gandhi and Girard also address the religious preconditions of nonviolent action by underlining the need to prefer godly over worldly pursuits, and to overcome the fear of death by God’s grace. This congruence shows that Girard’s anthropology is valid beyond its usual affinity with Judaism and Christianity.

scholarly journals TEORI DIALOGISME BAKHTIN DAN KONSEP-KONSEP METODOLOGISNYA

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 235
Author(s):  
Fadlil Munawwar Manshur
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
The Other ◽  
Literary Genre ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Universe

This paper discusses the theory advanced by Bakhtin about dialogism and methodological concepts. This theory to formulate the concept of human existence on the other, which is based on the idea that humans judge him from the viewpoint of others. Humans understand the moments of consciousness and take it into account through the eyes of others. According to this theory, the essence of human life is a dialogue. The Method of heteroglossia talks about signs in the universe of individuals because of the word "heteros" means "other" or different, while "glossia" means the tongue or language. In this method mentioned that people are saying needs to be heard, and the author also has the same rights that words need to be heard. A word is born from dialogue to address the problems of life. On the other hand, Bakhtin sees carnival method has spawned a new literary genre, the polyphonic novel. The polyphonic novel is a novel that is characterized by a plurality of voice or consciousness, and the voices or the overall awareness dialogical. Polyphonic essentially a "new theory of authorial viewpoint". Polyphonic appear in fiction when the position of the author freely allowed to interact with the characters. The characters in the novel are freely polyphonic appear to argue with each other and even with the author.

scholarly journals Over de referentiële waarde van Juffrouw Lina (1888) van M. Emants, van Chateaubriand (1908) van E. Masoin en van de gevalsstudies van J.M. Charcot

1970 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 273-288
Author(s):  
Elke Van Nieuwenhuyze
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
French Writer ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The One ◽  
Jean Martin Charcot

The aim of this article is to trace the referential value of juffrouw Lina (1888)as part of its narrative organisation by means of the narrativist historical theoryof Frank Ankersmit. This starting point demands a confrontation of thisnaturalist novel by Marcellus Emants with the contemporary medical biographyof the French writer and politician Chateaubriand by the Belgian physicianErnest Masoin on the one hand and with some case studies of hystericsby the famous French docter Jean-Martin Charcot on the other hand. lt willbe argued that the narrativity of the novel plays a key-role in the constructionof its referential value on various levels.

Marx, Central Planning, and Utopian Socialism

1989 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Scott Arnold
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Historical Materialism ◽  
Central Planning ◽  
Capitalist Society ◽  
The Other ◽  
Socialist Society ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Adequate Understanding ◽  
Utopian Socialism

Marx believed that what most clearly distinguished him and Engels from the nineteenth-century French socialists was that their version (or vision) of socialism was “scientific” while the latters' was Utopian. What he intended by this contrast is roughly the following: French socialists such as Proudhon and Fourier constructed elaborate visions of a future socialist society without an adequate understanding of existing capitalist society. For Marx, on the other hand, socialism was not an idea or an ideal to be realized, but a natural outgrowth of the existing capitalist order. Marx's historical materialism is a systematic attempt to discover the laws governing the inner dynamics of capitalism and class societies generally. Although this theory issues in a prediction of the ultimate triumph of socialism, it is a commonplace that Marx had little to say about the details of post-capitalist society. Nevertheless, some of its features can be discerned from his critical analysis of capitalism and what its replacement entails.

FROM “CALM CHAOS” TO “COLIBRI”. THE WORKS OF SANDRO VERONESI

2021 ◽  
pp. 122-131
Author(s):  
Tatiana A. Bystrova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Italian Literature ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Novel ◽  
High Demand ◽  
Surrounding World ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
First Time

The paper examines two key novels by Sandro Veronesi, the modern Italian writer, Calm Chaos (2006) and Colibri (2020). Both novels were awarded Italy’s main literary prize, the Premio Strega, which is a unique precedent. The relevance of the article comes from the high demand for research on contemporary Italian literature on the one hand and from the novelty of the proposed interpretation for the novel Calm Chaos on the other hand. For the first time, the protagonist of Calm Chaos, Pietro Palladini, is presented not as a preacher of eternal values, returning the reader to the theme of knowing oneself and the surrounding world, but as a mad visionary with clear signs of psychopathy and schizophrenia. The analysis of Veronesi’s latest novel Colibri reveals the character’s evolution and the writer’s narrative manner. The theme of psychiatry in the life of a modern person appears to be one of the key ones in Veronesi’s work.

conflict between tradition and modernity in Amitav Ghosh’s ‘The Shadow lines’

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 31-37
Author(s):  
Mona Beniwal ◽  
◽  
Dr. Anshu Raj Purohit
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Traditional Values ◽  
Other Hand

The novel presents a variety of characters, each has his own journey. Since the novel puts forth the time of partition (Indo- Bangladesh) and time after it, characters can be seen with traits which are both traditional and modern. It is due to their upbringing and values that their mind has certain inclinations. Because of her traditional values Thamma shows repulsion towards Ila and Tridib. The later ones on the other hand has their own personal set of beliefs to live their lives. Such disparity in thoughts gives a hint of clashes between them in many parts of the novel. However, even the traditional characters carry a spirit of freedom and modernity within them. Also modern characters have an urge to cling to their roots too.

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