Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in Russia

2016 ◽  
Vol 88 (11) ◽  
pp. 4-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
V V Pokrovsky
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Antibodies ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
International Experts ◽  
Anti Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

In 2015, the infection caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (HIV infection) dominated among life-threatening infections in Russians: it was first diagnosed in 98,177 Russians and 15,530 citizens of the Russian Federation died from HIV/AIDS, amounting to 45% of all deaths from infectious diseases in Russia. By the mid-2016, there were a total of 1,062,476 identified HIV-positive Russians, of whom 225,992 people died. The estimated number of HIV-infected patients in Russia approximated to 1% of the population, the highest prevalence of HIV being found in the age group of 30—40 years. The most active and expensive measures against HIV/AIDS in Russia are to examine the population for anti-HIV antibodies (29 million screenings per year) and to use in HIV-positive people antiretroviral therapy that was free of charge to more than 200,000 patients, i.e. nearly 25% of the registered Russians living with the HIV-infected. However, treatment coverage and quality are far from the target indicators that the international experts consider needed to reduce HIV prevalence and mortality. A wider program on HIV/AIDS, which includes a number of preventive measures with proven efficiency, as well as a program of promising researches and developments should be introduced in Russia.

HIV/AIDS and traditional healers: a blessing in disguise

2010 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 154-155
Author(s):  
B L Meel
Keyword(s):  
Case Reports ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Herbal Decoction ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Hiv Aids

Traditional healers contribute significantly to the level of health-care systems in Africa. They could play an important role in the prevention and care of patients with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) in the community. The traditional healing system deals with psychosocial stress associated with HIV/AIDS as well as herbal medications. Sometimes, herbal medicine causes serious life-threatening complications. Two case reports are presented in this article. The first is a 48-year-old woman with HIV who was made to drink a large volume of a herbal decoction to stimulate vomiting in the belief that cleansing the bowel would rid the system of the disease. The second is a 25-year-old young man who had a herbal enema, which resulted in gangrene of the large bowel. The case histories, mechanism of action and causes of death are discussed.

scholarly journals Human Immunodeficiency Virus – Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome dengan Sarkoma Kaposi

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 131
Author(s):  
Riry Febrina Ersha ◽  
Armen Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Herpes Virus ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Herpès Virus ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Anti Hiv ◽  
Human Herpes Virus Type ◽  
Hiv Aids

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) adalah infeksi yang disebabkan oleh Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) yang menyebabkan suatu penyakit yang menyerang sel-sel kekebalan tubuh. Sebuah temuan baru yang mengarah pada pertumbuhan, isolasi dan karakterisasi dari sebuah virus herpes baru yang dikenal dengan kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpes virus (KSHV) atau human herpes virus type 8 (HHV-8) dari lesi sarkoma kaposi (SK). Sarkoma kaposi adalah kanker yang berkembang dari sel-sel yang melapisi kelenjar getah bening atau pembuluh darah. Seseorang yang terinfeksi HIV mempunyai risiko 100 hingga 300 kali lebih sering terkena SK. Lesi awal SK-AIDS tampak sebagai makula keunguan berbentuk oval kecil yang berkembang dengan cepat menjadi plak dan nodul kecil, yang seringkali timbul di seluruh bagian tubuh dan memiliki kecenderungan mengalami progresivitas yang cepat. Telah dilaporkan kasus seorang laki-laki imunokompromais berusia 27 tahun datang dengan keluhan lemah letih lesu dan bentol-bentol berwarna merah keunguan di dada, perut, punggung dan belakang telinga sejak 3 bulan sebelum masuk rumah sakit. Pemeriksaan lebih lanjut menunjukkan adanya HIV-AIDS dengan TB paru, candidiasis oral dan sarkoma kaposi. Diagnosis pada pasien ini ditegakkan berdasarkan keluhan dan data klinis yaitu anti HIV positif dengan CD4 49 u/L dan biopsi kulit dengan hasil sesuai dengan gambaran sarkoma kaposi. Penatalaksanaan pada pasien ini yaitu dengan pemberian OAT kategori I, ARV dan anti jamur. Pemberian ARV yang adekuat untuk HIV-AIDS merupakan kunci dalam tatalaksana SK-AIDS.

scholarly journals Infection of megakaryocytes by human immunodeficiency virus in seropositive patients with immune thrombocytopenic purpura

Blood ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 78 (7) ◽  
pp. 1697-1705 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Louache ◽  
A Bettaieb ◽  
A Henri ◽  
E Oksenhendler ◽  
JP Farcet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Thrombocytopenic Purpura ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Antibodies ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Abstract Twenty-one human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients, including 11 acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-free patients with immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), were studied to determine whether the megakaryocytic/platelet lineage was infected by HIV. Because purification of platelets did not reach a level sufficient for unequivocal results by the polymerase chain reaction, in situ hybridization was thus performed. Purified marrow megakaryocytes (MK) from 10 HIV-infected ITP patients were studied using a 35S HIV riboprobe, antisense of an HIV ENV sequence. HIV transcripts were clearly detected in MK from five of these 10 patients, although heterogeneity among MK was observed. In three of these five cases, small amounts of HIV glycoproteins were detected in MK by means of immunofluorescence. In addition anti-HIV antibodies could be eluted from platelets of all patients. In contrast, HIV transcripts were not detected in MK derived from colony-forming units-MK (CFU-MK) cultured in suspension, suggesting either that MK are infected by HIV during terminal differentiation or that HIV-infected CFU-MK are unable to differentiate in vitro. In conclusion, this study suggests that HIV infection of MK may be implicated in the pathogenesis of thrombocytopenia of HIV-positive patients.

scholarly journals Spatial Analysis of Risk Factors of Potable Water and The Efficiency of HIV/AIDS in Ekiti State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Folorunso Owoola ◽  
Wole W. Adebayo ◽  
Kayode O. Olowe
Keyword(s):  
Potable Water ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Health Institutions ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Hiv Aids

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) have been a major problem around the world, and various control have been put in place to tame this potentially life-threatening virus. The research aims to expose the relationship between HIV/AIDS and potable water. However, it is generally believed that the virus cannot be contacted through water, but the interface between HIV/AIDS may likely be influenced through scarcity of water. The data for this research was collected through administration of questionnaire to people leaving with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) at major health institutions in the three senatorial districts in Ekiti state. The data collected were analyzed using statistical tools and the results show that 44.5% of the respondents believed that water availability can reduce the spread of HIV/AIDS infection around the study area. 84.5% of the respondents had an increased need of water after HIV infections. While 92.7% of the respondents agreed HIV positive people have increased need for better hygiene and sanitation. The study discovers that water, sanitation, hygiene and population are agents determining the spread of HIV/AIDS in the environment. Thus, planning and proper spread of infrastructure that support supply of potable water will reduce and control the virus.

scholarly journals Infection of megakaryocytes by human immunodeficiency virus in seropositive patients with immune thrombocytopenic purpura

Blood ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 78 (7) ◽  
pp. 1697-1705 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Louache ◽  
A Bettaieb ◽  
A Henri ◽  
E Oksenhendler ◽  
JP Farcet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Thrombocytopenic Purpura ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Antibodies ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Twenty-one human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients, including 11 acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-free patients with immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), were studied to determine whether the megakaryocytic/platelet lineage was infected by HIV. Because purification of platelets did not reach a level sufficient for unequivocal results by the polymerase chain reaction, in situ hybridization was thus performed. Purified marrow megakaryocytes (MK) from 10 HIV-infected ITP patients were studied using a 35S HIV riboprobe, antisense of an HIV ENV sequence. HIV transcripts were clearly detected in MK from five of these 10 patients, although heterogeneity among MK was observed. In three of these five cases, small amounts of HIV glycoproteins were detected in MK by means of immunofluorescence. In addition anti-HIV antibodies could be eluted from platelets of all patients. In contrast, HIV transcripts were not detected in MK derived from colony-forming units-MK (CFU-MK) cultured in suspension, suggesting either that MK are infected by HIV during terminal differentiation or that HIV-infected CFU-MK are unable to differentiate in vitro. In conclusion, this study suggests that HIV infection of MK may be implicated in the pathogenesis of thrombocytopenia of HIV-positive patients.

Tingkat Pengetahuan Mahasiswa Tentang Hiv/Aids Di Akademi Kebidanan Sandi Karsa Makassar

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Nur Syamsi NL
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Hiv Aids

AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) adalah syndrom yang timbul akibat adanya virus HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) yang menyerang sistem kekebalan tubuh manusia. HIV/AIDS dapat menular melalui darah, sperma, cairan vagina, dan ASI (Air Susu Ibu). Penelitian ini dilakukan di Akademi Kebidanan Sandi Karsa Makassar yang terletak di jalan Bung lorong 2, Kelurahan Tamalanrea, Kecamatan Tamalanrea Jaya, Makassar. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif. Besarnya sampel yang digunakan adalah 30 responden dari 600 populasi yang dipilih secara Total Sampling. Di mana dalam pengambilan data digunakan instrumen berupa kuesioner yang dibagikan kepada responden. Dari keseluruhan responden didapatkan tingkat pengetahuan mahasiswa Akademi Kebidanan Sandi Karsa Makassar yang diteliti didapat 15 mahasiswa (50%) yang tingkat pengetahuan baik tentang HIV/AIDS dan terdapat 14 mahasiswa (46,7%) yang tingkat pengetahuan cukup tentang HIV/AID dan terdapat 1 mahasiswa (3,3%) yang tingkat pengetahuan kurang tentang HIV/AIDS

scholarly journals Non-Hodgkin’s Plasmablastic Lymphoma as Initial Presentation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 232470962110146
Author(s):  
Roopam Jariwal ◽  
Nadia Raza ◽  
Janpreet Bhandohal ◽  
Everardo Cobos
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Initial Presentation ◽  
Plasmablastic Lymphoma ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Head Neck

Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a subtype of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma that manifests in patients with the diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), more prominently in the head, neck, and oral mucosal region. The diagnosis of this rare lymphoma serves as a concomitant diagnosis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The case is of a 33-year-old previously healthy male, with an unknown diagnosis of HIV with a painful right mandibular mass. He was subsequently diagnosed with PBL and HIV. This case of PBL illustrates the importance of linking a rare and potentially life-threatening diagnosis as a possible first manifestation of HIV.

Pengetahuan dan Sikap Wanita Pekerja Seks (WPS) dalam Upaya Penanggulangan HIV/AIDS dengan Persuasi Penggunaan Kondom di Eks Lokalisasi Gempol Porong Kabupaten Banyuwangi Tahun 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-63
Author(s):  
Machria Rachman
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Hiv Aids

HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)  dan AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome masih menjadi ancaman kesehatan masyarakat secara global. Prevalensi HIV/AIDS di Kabupaten Banyuwangi juga cukup tinggi yakni 4.557 kasus. Cara penularan HIV terbesar adalah melalui hubungan seksual (71 %). Sejumlah 18,23% orang dengan HIV/AIDS (ODHA) adalah wanita pekerja seks (WPS). Meskipun lokalisasi di Banyuwangi telah resmi ditutup pada tahun 2013, namun praktik prostitusi masih terselubung dijalankan. Hubungan seksual tanpa kondom menjadi mata rantai penyebaran HIV/AIDS di masyarakat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui korelasi pengetahuan dan sikap WPS dengan persuasi penggunaan kondom di eks lokalisasi Gempol Porong Kabupaten Banyuwangi. Desain penelitian adalah analitik kuantitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel penelitian yaitu WPS di Eks Lokalisasi Gempol Porong berjumlah 32 orang yang diambil dengan teknik Total sampling. Pengambilan data dengan metode angket dan dianalisis statistik menggunakan SPSS 20.0 version. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa WPS yang memiliki pengetahuan rendah dalam penanggulangan HIV/AIDS sebanyak 56,2 %, sikap negatif sebesar 53,1% dan sebanyak 59,4% tidak melakukan persuasi penggunaan kondom. Analisis uji chi-Square menunjukkan ada hubungan antara pengetahuan WPS dalam penanggulangan HIV/AIDS dengan persuasi penggunaan kondom (ρ = 0,002α), serta ada hubungan antara sikap WPS dalam upaya penanggulangan HIV/AIDS dengan persuasi penggunaan kondom (nilai ρ = 0,000α). Variabel yang berpengaruh terhadap penanggulangan HIV/AIDS dengan persuasi penggunaan kondom adalah sikap, dengan  probabilitas sikap negatif WPS sebesar 78%. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan masukan pihak terkait guna peningkatan 100% penggunaan kondom sehingga dapat menekan angka pertumbuhan HIV/AIDS di Kabupaten Banyuwangi.

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