scholarly journals Prevalence of oral manifestations of hypophosphatemic rickets in patients treated in a Peruvian Pediatric Hospital.

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 383-391
Author(s):  
Janet Ofelia Guevara-Canales ◽  
◽  
Nathali Cardenas-Zuñiga ◽  
Miguel Chavez-Pastor ◽  
Milana Trubnykova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Dentigerous Cyst ◽  
Tissue Level ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hypophosphatemic Rickets ◽  
Oral Manifestations ◽  
Pediatric Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Results

Objective: To describe the prevalence of oral manifestations of hypophosphatemic rickets in patients treated in a Peruvian referral pediatric hospital during the years 2012-2016. Material and methods: An observational, descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional study was carried out. The sample consisted of patients diagnosed with hypophosphatemic rickets who attended the outpatient clinic of the Stomatology Service and the Genetics Service of the National Institute of Child Health (INSN), Lima, Peru, between the years 2012-2016. The research project was assessed and approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Health Service. Medical records stored in a database of the health institution with the Code CIE E83.3, which corresponds to the diagnosis of Hypophosphatemic Rickets, were requested for the study. Results: Fifteen children received health care, of which only 10 were treated at the Stomatology Service. The distribution of the data was obtained from these 10 patients according to the proposed objective. A higher frequency of gingival lesions was found at the soft tissue level (41.18%); at the bone tissue level, only one case of dentigerous cyst was observed; and at the dental level, 90% of the patients had dental caries. Conclusion: The most frequent oral manifestations of hypophosphatemic rickets in pediatric patients treated at the National Institute of Child Health (2012-2016) were gingivitis and dental caries.

scholarly journals Awareness of Dental Health Checkup omong the Patients Attending at Selected Hospital in Dhaka City

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-51
Author(s):  
MM Karim ◽  
SM Alif ◽  
MA Tarafder ◽  
D Sharmin ◽  
MH Khan
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Check ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Monthly Income ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Sweet Food ◽  
Study Results

This descriptive type of cross sectional study was conducted in selected hospital of Dhaka in order to find out the awareness of dental health check up among the patient in selected hospital in Dhaka city. The study was conducted from September to December 2011 with sample of 150. Results revealed that there is a huge difference between the awareness and practice on oral hygiene. The study showed that most of the respondents are in between 30-39 years of age (39.3%), 22.7% in 20-29 years of age, only very few 0.7% in > 70 years of age with mean age 35.75 + 12.03. Among the respondents 34.7% are housewife, service holder 28%, business 15.3% and others are 22%. Study also showed that 65.3% brushes their teeth once daily and 34.7% in twice daily, 52% brushes only before breakfast, 18.7% before breakfast and before go to bed, 15.3% after breakfast and before go to bed, 12% only after breakfast and rest 2% only before go to bed. Among the respondents 38% visit to dentist more than 1 years for cleaning purpose, 28.7% visit after 1 year, 23.3% visit within 6 months to 1 year and very few only 10% visit before 6 months. Most of the respondent about 66% knows that consumption of sweet food can cause caries and rest 34% have no idea. About 40% feels the necessity of visiting dental surgeon after 1 year, 28% feels the time is after 6 months, 17.3% feels that more than 1 year and 14.1% have no idea.  There is statistically highly significant association between the age of the respondent and the material used for cleaning teeth , sex of the respondent and habit of taking tobacco in both association (P = 0.000).  Another statistically highly significant association between  occupation of the respondent and habit of taking tobacco and also between age of the patient and habit of chewing areca nut and lime (P = 0.000),  between frequency of cleaning teeth and monthly income of the respondent (P = 0.050). Another statistically significant association between age of the respondent and knowledge about sweet food can cause dental caries where (P = 0.023). and between monthly income of the respondent and knowledge about sweet food can cause dental caries (P = 0.013). From the study results it is revealed that only 30-39 years old patients aware about dental health check up, most of  patient  brushes their teeth only before breakfast, visit to dental surgeon visit to dentist more than 1 years for cleaning purpose, and feels the necessity of visiting dental surgeon after 1 year,  So, it is necessary for everyone to attain dental health checkups to look at the health of mouth, find existing problems and discuss planned treatments. It helps to take further steps to minimize future problems of the oral cavity.DOI: http://doi.dx.org/10.3329/bjdre.v2i2.16244 Bangladesh Journal of Dental Research & Education Vol.2(2) 2012: 47-51

ASSESSMENT OF SKILLED BIRTH ATTENDANTS REGARDING HELPING BABIES BREATH INTERVENTION TO IMPROVE NEWBORN CARE IN RURAL DISTRICT OF SINDH

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-53
Author(s):  
Sheh Mureed ◽  
Muhammad Hassan Gandro ◽  
Walid Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Newborn Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Skilled Birth Attendants ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
Birth Attendants ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
Labour Room

Background: Globally, 3.1 million newborn deaths occur every year out of these estimated 400,000 neonatal deaths occur in Pakistan. All neonatal deaths 99% take place in poorest region and countries of the world, usually within hours of birth; mostly the cause of neonatal deaths is hypoxia. To access knowledge and practice of SBAs regarding HBB and to access the availability of equipments required for HBB. Methods: Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study on SBAs as trained in HBB. All 46 SBAs trained on HBB working in Labour room eight rural Health centers, four Taluka, One district Head Quarter Health Facilities and thirteen Mlbcs of the district, were included in the sample for study. All 41 SBAs were trained on HBB participated in the study. Results: Mean age of 30 years. Out of total 41 participants 25 were working in B-EmoNC (61%), 3in C-EmoNC (7.3%) and 13 in mid wife laid birth Centre (MLBC) or birth station (31.7%). About 92.7% of participants said that main purpose of HBB training is to decrease the NMR by improving newborn care. Drying of newborn is 82.7%, hand washing is 95.12% and 85.3% of the study participants said that they gave 30-40 breaths per minutes. Cord clamp and pair of ties was accessible to 85% of participants versus 14.3% who reported it's not accessible. Almost one quarter (34.1%) participants have low knowledge and practice. Knowledge and training had significant effect on the overall practices of the skilled birth attendants for skilled birth deliveries and reduce the neonatal deaths (P <0.001). Conclusion: Tools play a vital role for the implication of the knowledge into practices and tools were available almost to every participant. Although few barriers also identified for the less application of the helping hand babies trainings in the community.

Blood Analysis Requests of Patients’ and Clinical Reflections in Primary Care

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-102
Author(s):  
Zerrin Gamsizkan ◽  
Mehmet Ali Sungur ◽  
Yasemin Çayır
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Blood Test ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Blood Analysis ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Expectations ◽  
Blood Tests ◽  
Study Results

Aim: The aim of the study is to determine the factors that may affect the demands of patients who come with the request to have a blood test without any chronic disease or a planned examination check. Methods: The data of this descriptive, cross-sectional study, were collected with a questionnaire that was prepared to examine the opinions of the patients who claim to have a blood test by coming to the family health center without any complaints. Patients over 18 years of age, who did not have any chronic disease and had no scheduled examination appointments were included in the study. Results: A total of 278 patients who wanted to have a blood test within the 6-months period were included in the study. Female patients who wanted to have a blood test were significantly more than male patients. When we look at the causes of patients who wanted to have a blood test; 61.2% (n=170) patients stated that they are concerned about their health and 6.1% (n=17) stated that they were affected by media warnings. There was no significant relationship between the frequency of blood test requests of patients and their age, gender, education, and general health status. Conclusion: Patients with high expectations and anxiety may be more willing to perform blood tests at inappropriate intervals. Family physicians, whose primary role is preventive medicine, have consultancy and information duties in order to protect their patients from the risk of over-examination and diagnosis. Keywords: blood tests, patient, screening, routine diagnostic tests

ECONOMIC BUDERN AND TREATMENT COST OF FALLS, BURNS, AND TRAFFIC INJURIES IN CHILDREN

2017 ◽  
pp. 100-106
Author(s):  
Thuan Huynh ◽  
Minh Tam Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Cost ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Pediatric Hospital ◽  
Child Injury ◽  
Total Treatment Cost ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cost Treatment ◽  
Significant Burden ◽  
Total Treatment ◽  
Fatal Injuries

Introduction: Child injury is a significant burden for community health care in Vietnam. Besides the fatal injuries, millions of children need hospital care for non-fatal injuries. Investigation on treatment cost and economic burden of the most common non-fatal injuries such as falls, burns, and traffic injuries is very necessary. Objectives: (1) Describe the patterns of falls, burns, and traffic injuries among children admitted with injuries to the Quang Nam Pediatric Hospital; (2) Analyze the treatment cost for falls, burns, and traffic injuries of these patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study on 424 pediatric patients under 16 year old admitted with falls, burns, and traffic injuries to the Quang Nam Pediatric Hospital from 01/6/2014 to 31/3/2015. Results: Most of participants admitted to the hospital for falls (66%), traffic injuries (22,4%). Mild injuries was dominated, burns and traffic injuries were more serious in almost cases and the average of PTS index was 9.4 points. Average total treatment cost was 1,259,200 VN dong, direct cost accounted for 68.4% of total treatment cost. Treatment costs of burns and traffic injuries were higher than that of falls. Key words: burden of disease, treatment cost, injury, children

STUDYING OF CHILDREN WITH MENTAL RETARDATION IN HUE CITY IN 2011

2012 ◽  
pp. 83-87
Author(s):  
Thi Minh Xuan Doan ◽  
Xuan Chuong Tran
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Learning Ability ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Slow Development ◽  
Study Results

Children with mental retardation have low intelligence, slow thinking, low learning ability in comparison with the same age children. Objectives: 1. To determine the prevalence of children with mental retardation in Hue City. 2. To study some characteristics of children with mental retardation. Materials and methodes: All children with mental retardation in Hue city. Cross sectional study. Results: The prevalence of children with mental retardation (CMR) among children under 15 yrs is 0.23%, among disable children 38.16%. The highest prevalences ware in Phu Binh, Xuan Phu quarters (0.79 and 0.66%), lowest in Thuan Loc, Thuan Thanh quarters (0.03 and 0.06%). Children over 5 yrs old were 75.95%. Most of children have slow development in movement and daily activities. More than 78% have late walking, 84% have late speaking. Conclusions: The prevalence of children with mental retardation among children under 15 yrs is 0.23%, among disable children 38.16%. Most of children have slow development in movement and daily activities.

scholarly journals Evaluation of clinical performance and survival rate of Straumann dental implants in Saudi Population based on cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reham AL Jasser ◽  
Mohammed AlSarhan ◽  
Dalal Alotaibi ◽  
Saleh Aloraini ◽  
Pradeep Koppolu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Tissue Level ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Poor Oral Hygiene ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Keratinized Tissue

AbstractRisk indicators of peri-implantitis is still contradictory and somehow unclear in present literature therefore efforts should be done for better understanding of the exact etiology of peri-implant disease progression. The present study aimed to assess risk indicators associated with peri-implantitis by observing the changes in several periodontal parameters after implant placement. This cross-sectional study included 213 female and 271 male patients aged 26–87 years, who received 484 titanium implants (Straumann, Switzerland) at King Saud University’s Dental College, Saudi Arabia. Patients were called for dental visits. During these visits; full clinical and radiographic assessment of implants were done. The periodontal pocket depth (PPD) was greater around implants placed at grafted sites than non-grafted sites and around bone-level implants than tissue-level implants. The plaque index (PI) was associated with poor oral hygiene. There was a strong association between graft (yes/no) and bleeding on probing (BOP). Patients with good oral hygiene showed high radiographic bone stability. Keratinized tissue width < 2 mm was associated with a higher PPD, higher PI, higher BOP, more edematous gingiva, and more exposed implant threads on radiography. In patients receiving implants, poor oral hygiene status and inadequate keratinized tissue level can be proposed as risk indicators for developing periimplantitis due to strong association found between them and developments of peri-implantitis.

scholarly journals Sarcopenia and Malnutrition Screening in Female Osteoporosis Patients—A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2344
Author(s):  
Franca Genest ◽  
Dominik Rak ◽  
Elisa Bätz ◽  
Kerstin Ott ◽  
Lothar Seefried
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Functional Deficits ◽  
Complementary Approach ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Patients At Risk ◽  
Not At Risk

Sarcopenia and malnutrition are important determinants of increased fracture risk in osteoporosis. SARC-F and MNA-SF are well-established questionnaires for identifying patients at risk for these conditions. We sought to evaluate the feasibility and potential added benefit of such assessments as well as the actual prevalence of these conditions in osteoporosis patients. We conducted a cross-sectional, single-center study in female osteoporosis patients ≥ 65 years (SaNSiBaR-study). Results of the sarcopenia (SARC-F) and malnutrition (MNA-SF) screening questionnaires were matched with a functional assessment for sarcopenia and data from patients’ medical records. Out of 107 patients included in the analysis, a risk for sarcopenia (SARC-F ≥ 4 points) and a risk for malnutrition (MNA-SF ≤ 11 points) was found in 33 (30.8%) and 38 (35.5%) patients, respectively. Diagnostic overlap with coincident indicative findings in both questionnaires was observed in 17 patients (16%). As compared to the respective not-at-risk groups, the mean short physical performance battery (SPPB) score was significantly reduced in both patients at risk for sarcopenia (7.0 vs. 10.9 points, p < 0.001) and patients at risk for malnutrition (8.7 vs. 10.5 points, p = 0.005). Still, confirmed sarcopenia according to EWGSOP2 criteria was present in only 6 (6%) of all 107 patients, with only 3 of them having an indicative SARC-F score. Bone mineral density was not significantly different in any of the at-risk groups at any site. In summary, applying SARC-F and MNA-SF in osteoporosis patients appears to be a complementary approach to identify individuals with functional deficits.

scholarly journals Variation in performance on common content items at UK medical schools

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Hope ◽  
David Kluth ◽  
Matthew Homer ◽  
Avril Dewar ◽  
Richard Fuller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Standard Setting ◽  
Medical Schools ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Pass Rates ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Institutional Differences ◽  
Common Content ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Due to differing assessment systems across UK medical schools, making meaningful cross-school comparisons on undergraduate students’ performance in knowledge tests is difficult. Ahead of the introduction of a national licensing assessment in the UK, we evaluate schools’ performances on a shared pool of “common content” knowledge test items to compare candidates at different schools and evaluate whether they would pass under different standard setting regimes. Such information can then help develop a cross-school consensus on standard setting shared content. Methods We undertook a cross-sectional study in the academic sessions 2016-17 and 2017-18. Sixty “best of five” multiple choice ‘common content’ items were delivered each year, with five used in both years. In 2016-17 30 (of 31 eligible) medical schools undertook a mean of 52.6 items with 7,177 participants. In 2017-18 the same 30 medical schools undertook a mean of 52.8 items with 7,165 participants, creating a full sample of 14,342 medical students sitting common content prior to graduation. Using mean scores, we compared performance across items and carried out a “like-for-like” comparison of schools who used the same set of items then modelled the impact of different passing standards on these schools. Results Schools varied substantially on candidate total score. Schools differed in their performance with large (Cohen’s d around 1) effects. A passing standard that would see 5 % of candidates at high scoring schools fail left low-scoring schools with fail rates of up to 40 %, whereas a passing standard that would see 5 % of candidates at low scoring schools fail would see virtually no candidates from high scoring schools fail. Conclusions Candidates at different schools exhibited significant differences in scores in two separate sittings. Performance varied by enough that standards that produce realistic fail rates in one medical school may produce substantially different pass rates in other medical schools – despite identical content and the candidates being governed by the same regulator. Regardless of which hypothetical standards are “correct” as judged by experts, large institutional differences in pass rates must be explored and understood by medical educators before shared standards are applied. The study results can assist cross-school groups in developing a consensus on standard setting future licensing assessment.

scholarly journals From Isolation to Containment: Perceived Fear of Infectivity and Protective Behavioral Changes during the COVID-19 Vaccination Campaign

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6503
Author(s):  
Arielle Kaim ◽  
Maya Siman-Tov ◽  
Eli Jaffe ◽  
Bruria Adini
Keyword(s):  
Vaccination Campaign ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Protective Behavior ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Road ◽  
Israeli Population ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Public Health Officials

In the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, maintenance of protective behavior is a continued challenge in the effort to contain the spread of the virus. A cross-sectional study via an internet questionnaire was utilized to elucidate changes in compliance to protective behavior among the Israeli population (n = 1120), after the beginning of the vaccination campaign. Comparison was made between individuals who were previously infected with the virus, those who received one dose of inoculation with the vaccine, and individuals that were neither infected or vaccinated. The study results indicate that those who were previously infected with the COVID-19 virus were less careful about mask wearing (18.8%) and social distancing (29.7%), as compared to the other examined groups (regarding mask wearing, 8.2% and 11.6% respectively, and with regard to social distancing 12.8% and 19.2%) and may require targeted risk communication campaigns to address this population. Furthermore, the study revealed that those that were non-Jewish (as compared to Jewish study counterparts) or that were older (19+) were more vigilant in their protective behavior (29.6% vs. 11.2% respectively for social distancing and 29.6% vs. 11.1% respectively for mask wearing). Despite a successful initial vaccination campaign in Israel, public health officials need to engage all members of the public to unremittingly observe compliance to directed health guidelines, to ensure that the results of previous governmental efforts in fighting the pandemic (such as lockdowns) will be effectively sustained, and the road to containment will be hastened.

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