From Isolation to Containment: Perceived Fear of Infectivity and Protective Behavioral Changes during the COVID-19 Vaccination Campaign

In the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, maintenance of protective behavior is a continued challenge in the effort to contain the spread of the virus. A cross-sectional study via an internet questionnaire was utilized to elucidate changes in compliance to protective behavior among the Israeli population (n = 1120), after the beginning of the vaccination campaign. Comparison was made between individuals who were previously infected with the virus, those who received one dose of inoculation with the vaccine, and individuals that were neither infected or vaccinated. The study results indicate that those who were previously infected with the COVID-19 virus were less careful about mask wearing (18.8%) and social distancing (29.7%), as compared to the other examined groups (regarding mask wearing, 8.2% and 11.6% respectively, and with regard to social distancing 12.8% and 19.2%) and may require targeted risk communication campaigns to address this population. Furthermore, the study revealed that those that were non-Jewish (as compared to Jewish study counterparts) or that were older (19+) were more vigilant in their protective behavior (29.6% vs. 11.2% respectively for social distancing and 29.6% vs. 11.1% respectively for mask wearing). Despite a successful initial vaccination campaign in Israel, public health officials need to engage all members of the public to unremittingly observe compliance to directed health guidelines, to ensure that the results of previous governmental efforts in fighting the pandemic (such as lockdowns) will be effectively sustained, and the road to containment will be hastened.

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Prevalence and correlates of forgone care among adult Israeli Jews: A survey conducted during the COVID-19 outbreak

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0260399 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (11) ◽

pp. e0260399

Author(s):

Perla Werner ◽

Aviad Tur-Sinai

Keyword(s):

Behavioral Model ◽

Healthcare Services ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

The Novel ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Social Distancing ◽

The Public ◽

The Social ◽

Seeking Help ◽

Novel Coronavirus

Efforts to control the spread of the novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic include drastic measures such as isolation, social distancing, and lockdown. These restrictions are accompanied by serious adverse consequences such as forgoing of healthcare. The study aimed to assess the prevalence and correlates of forgone care for a variety of healthcare services during a two-month COVID-19 lockdown, using Andersen’s Behavioral Model of Healthcare Utilization. A cross-sectional study using computerized phone interviews was conducted with 302 Israeli Jewish participants aged 40 and above. Almost half of the participants (49%) reported a delay in seeking help for at least one needed healthcare service during the COVID-19 lockdown period. Among the predisposing factors, we found that participants aged 60+, being more religious, and reporting higher levels of COVID-19 fear were more likely to report forgone care than younger, less religious and less concerned participants. Among need factors, a statistically significant association was found with a reported diagnosis of diabetes, with participants with the disease having a considerably higher likelihood of forgone care. The findings stress the importance of developing interventions aimed at mitigating the phenomenon of forgoing care while creating nonconventional ways of consuming healthcare services. In the short term, healthcare services need to adapt to the social distancing and isolation measures required to stanch the epidemic. In the long term, policymakers should consider alternative ways of delivering healthcare services to the public regularly and during crisis without losing sight of their budgetary consequences. They must recognize the possibility of having to align medical staff to the changing demand for healthcare services under conditions of health uncertainty.

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PROTECTIVE BEHAVIOR AGAINST COVID-19 AMONG VIETNAMESE PEOPLE IN THE SOCIAL DISTANCING CAMPAIGN A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

10.31219/osf.io/5sxgp ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

AISDL

Keyword(s):

Online Survey ◽

Preventive Measures ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Protective Behavior ◽

Protective Behaviors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Social Distancing ◽

Precautionary Measures ◽

Gender Knowledge

In the global fight against the rapid spread of COVID-19, a variety of unprecedented preventive measures have been implemented across the globe, as well as in Vietnam. How Vietnamese people respond to threats to their health and life remains unclear. For this reason, the current study aims to examine Vietnamese people’s protective behavior and its factors. Based on 1,798 online survey respondents’ data collected on the last three days of the nationwide social distancing campaign in mid-April, it is found that gender, knowledge of COVID-19 and preventive measures, and attitudes towards the COVID-19 prevention policies are the three main factors of participants’ protective behaviors. We also find that males are less likely than females to adopt precautionary measures. People who are knowledgeable about COVID-19 may have inappropriate practices towards it. Further research is needed to examine other determinants of protective behaviors to provide more useful information for authorities, public health policy-makers, and healthcare workers to deliver the best practices to control COVID-19 in our country.

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2010 A(H1N1) vaccination in pregnant women in Brazil: identifying coverage and associated factors

Cadernos de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/0102-311x00084514 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 31 (6) ◽

pp. 1247-1256 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Raul Andres Mendoza-Sassi ◽

Juraci Almeida Cesar ◽

Jussara Maria Cagol ◽

Ivanise Almeida Duarte ◽

Luana Mostardeiro Friedrich ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prenatal Care ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Vaccination Coverage ◽

Skin Color ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Vaccination Campaign ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Public ◽

Income Quartile

We studied vaccination coverage and its associated factors in the 2010 pandemic influenza vaccination of Brazilian pregnant women. A cross-sectional study of pregnant women who had given birth was performed in a municipality in southern Brazil, in 2010. Data about vaccination against A(H1N1) and sociodemographic characteristics, morbidities and prenatal care were collected. Statistical analysis was performed using a Poisson regression. Coverage was 77.4%. Most were vaccinated in the public sector (97.6%) and in the second trimester (47%). Associated factors that increased vaccination were marriage, older age, first income quartile, prenatal care and influenza before pregnancy. Education and skin color were not significantly associated with vaccination. The vaccination campaign was extensive and exhibited no inequality. Prenatal care was the factor that most affected vaccination coverage, reflecting its importance for vaccination campaign success.

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COVID-19 Pandemic and Prevalence of Self-care Practices among the Future Physicians: A Bangladesh Study

10.1101/2021.05.11.21257027 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Fatema Johora ◽

Asma Akter Abbasy ◽

Fatiha Tasmin Jeenia ◽

Mithun Chandra Bhowmik ◽

Mohsena Aktar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Self Care ◽

Face Mask ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Hand Washing ◽

Care Practice ◽

Undergraduate Medical Students ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Social Distancing ◽

Study Results

Background: Since December 2019, the novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, has garnered global attention due to its rapid transmission, which has infected more than twenty nine million people worldwide. World is facing enormous stress and anxiety as there is no effective medicine or vaccine to treat or prevent COVID-19 till date. Experts are recommending self-care like social distancing, respiratory etiquette, hand washing, using face mask to prevent corona virus infection. Materials and methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was designed to assess the prevalence of self-care practice among the undergraduate medical students (4th year) of 14 medical colleges of Bangladesh during COVID-19 pandemic. A structured questionnaire survey linked in the google form was used as study instrument and was distributed among study population through email, messenger, whatsapp and other social media during the month of October 2020. Total 916 students were participated in the study. Results: 79.8% of students reported self-care practice in study period. 44.98% of students went outside once in a week. 90.5%, 70.96% and 52.62% of respondents always used face mask, followed 20 seconds hand washing principle and maintained social distancing. Face masks (97.8%), sanitizers (76.7%) and gloves (71.9%) are most common items purchased as protective mesures. Most of the students (76.9%) follow their hobbies as a coping strategy to overcome phychological stress, while 6% of students took professional help. Conclusion: Suboptimal practice of self-care was found among the undergraduate medical students of Bangladesh.

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PROTECTIVE BEHAVIOR AGAINST COVID-19 AMONG VIETNAMESE PEOPLE IN THE SOCIAL DISTANCING CAMPAIGN: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

10.31219/osf.io/4jqbc ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hoan Luong Cu Si

Keyword(s):

Online Survey ◽

Preventive Measures ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Protective Behavior ◽

Protective Behaviors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Social Distancing ◽

Precautionary Measures ◽

Gender Knowledge

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A Cross-sectional Study on Awareness of Dyslexia Disorder among University Students

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3889/oamjms.2020.4664 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (E) ◽

pp. 251-255

Author(s):

Vetriselvan Subramaniyan ◽

Ng Kah Chun ◽

Puteri Nurkhalilah Huda bt Shahrudin ◽

Deshvinderjit Singh A/L Dalvindar Singh ◽

Gasthuri A/P Sivanadam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

University Students ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Public ◽

Study Results ◽

The Family ◽

Negative Impacts ◽

Survey Questionnaires

BACKGROUND: The condition of dyslexia is a learning disability leading to difficulty in acquiring basic skills of reading, spelling, and writing. It is a disorder with a neurological origin that does not affect the intelligence of a person. It is estimated that between 5% and 10% of the population suffering from dyslexia, but this number can also be as high as 17% because dyslexia may not be recognized and diagnosed in some individuals and because some of them may not disclose that they are diagnosed. In Malaysia, it is estimated that 4% to 8% of children attending school have dyslexia. Dyslexics tend to be more artistic and creative than others. AIM: This study examines the awareness of dyslexia disorder among university students. METHODS: The data are collected from the participants through self-made survey questionnaires that consist of 25 questions per questionnaire. A descriptive cross-sectional study is conducted from April 2019 to May 2019. RESULTS: The current study reflected that dyslexia, not a disease, thus it is not curable. Individuals with dyslexia require extra patience and effort from the family members, teachers, as well as the public, especially in their learning process. We believe that a lack of understanding about this disorder by the public will bring negative impacts to dyslexic individuals such as causing unwanted misunderstanding, causing mental stress to the dyslexics, bringing negative impact to their learning processes, and so on. CONCLUSION: Our study results suggest that the knowledge level of dyslexia among university students considered as lower than average.

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ASSESSMENT OF SKILLED BIRTH ATTENDANTS REGARDING HELPING BABIES BREATH INTERVENTION TO IMPROVE NEWBORN CARE IN RURAL DISTRICT OF SINDH

Pakistan Journal of Public Health ◽

10.32413/pjph.v7i1.24 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 48-53

Author(s):

Sheh Mureed ◽

Muhammad Hassan Gandro ◽

Walid Hassan

Keyword(s):

Newborn Care ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Vital Role ◽

Skilled Birth Attendants ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Neonatal Deaths ◽

Birth Attendants ◽

Study Results ◽

Knowledge And Practice ◽

Labour Room

Background: Globally, 3.1 million newborn deaths occur every year out of these estimated 400,000 neonatal deaths occur in Pakistan. All neonatal deaths 99% take place in poorest region and countries of the world, usually within hours of birth; mostly the cause of neonatal deaths is hypoxia. To access knowledge and practice of SBAs regarding HBB and to access the availability of equipments required for HBB. Methods: Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study on SBAs as trained in HBB. All 46 SBAs trained on HBB working in Labour room eight rural Health centers, four Taluka, One district Head Quarter Health Facilities and thirteen Mlbcs of the district, were included in the sample for study. All 41 SBAs were trained on HBB participated in the study. Results: Mean age of 30 years. Out of total 41 participants 25 were working in B-EmoNC (61%), 3in C-EmoNC (7.3%) and 13 in mid wife laid birth Centre (MLBC) or birth station (31.7%). About 92.7% of participants said that main purpose of HBB training is to decrease the NMR by improving newborn care. Drying of newborn is 82.7%, hand washing is 95.12% and 85.3% of the study participants said that they gave 30-40 breaths per minutes. Cord clamp and pair of ties was accessible to 85% of participants versus 14.3% who reported it's not accessible. Almost one quarter (34.1%) participants have low knowledge and practice. Knowledge and training had significant effect on the overall practices of the skilled birth attendants for skilled birth deliveries and reduce the neonatal deaths (P <0.001). Conclusion: Tools play a vital role for the implication of the knowledge into practices and tools were available almost to every participant. Although few barriers also identified for the less application of the helping hand babies trainings in the community.

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CONSUMO DE ALIMENTOS PROCESSADOS E ULTRAPROCESSADOS POR ESCOLARES DE ARROIO DO TIGRE, RS

Revista Interdisciplinar de Estudos em Saúde ◽

10.33362/ries.v7i1.1300 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 157-164

Author(s):

Rubiane Inara Wagner ◽

Patrícia Molz ◽

Camila Schreiner Pereira

Keyword(s):

Public School ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Private School ◽

Food Habits ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

School Students ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Public And Private ◽

The Public ◽

Cereal Bars

O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a frequência do consumo de alimentos processados e ultraprocessados e verificar a associação entre estado nutricional por adolescentes do ensino público e privado do município de Arroio do Tigre, RS. Trata-se de um estudo transversal realizado com adolescentes, com idade entre 10 e 15 anos, de uma escola pública e uma privada de Arroio do Tigre, RS. O estado nutricional foi avaliado pelo índice de massa corporal. Aplicou-se um questionário de frequência alimentar contendo alimentos processados e ultraprocessados. A amostra foi composta por 64 adolescentes com idade média de 12,03±1,15 anos, sendo 53,1% da escola pública. A maioria dos adolescentes encontravam-se eutróficos (p=0,343), e quando comparado com o consumo de alimentos processados e ultraprocessados, a maioria dos escolares eutróficos relataram maior frequência no consumo de balas e chicletes (50,0%) e barra de cereais (51,0%), de 1 a 3 vezes por semana (p=0,004; p=0,029, respectivamente). Houve também uma maior frequência de consumo de alimentos processados e ultraprocessados como pizza (73,5%; p0,001), refrigerante (58,8%; p=0,036) e biscoito recheado (58,8%; p=0,008) entre 1 a 3 vezes por semana na escola pública em comparação a escola privada. O consumo de suco de pacote (p=0,013) foi relatado não ser consumido pela maioria dos alunos da escola particular em comparação a escola pública. Os dados encontrados evidenciam um consumo expressivo de alimentos processados e ultraprocessados pelos adolescentes de ambas as escolas, destacando alimentos com alto teor de açúcar e sódio.Palavras-chave: Hábitos alimentares. Adolescentes. Alimentos industrializados. ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to compare the frequency of consumption of processed and ultraprocessed foods and to verify the association between nutritional status by adolescents from public and private schools in the municipality of Arroio do Tigre, RS. This was a cross-sectional study conducted with adolescents, aged 10 to 15 years, from a public school and a private school in Arroio do Tigre, RS. Nutritional status was assessed by body mass index. A food frequency questionnaire containing processed and ultraprocessed foods was applied. The sample consisted of 64 adolescents with a mean age of 12.03±1.15 years, 53.1% of the public school. Most of the adolescents were eutrophic (p=0.343), and when compared to the consumption of processed and ultraprocessed foods, most eutrophic schoolchildren reported a higher frequency of bullets and chewing gum (50.0%) and cereal bars (51.0%), 1 to 3 times per week (p=0.004, p=0.029, respectively). There was also a higher frequency of consumption of processed and ultraprocessed foods such as pizza (73.5%, p0.001), refrigerant (58.8%, p=0.036) and stuffed biscuit (58.8%, p=0.008) between 1 to 3 times a week in public school compared to private school. Consumption of packet juice (p=0.013) was reported not to be consumed by the majority of private school students compared to public school. Conclusion: The data found evidenced an expressive consumption of processed and ultraprocessed foods by the adolescents of both schools, highlighting foods with high sugar and sodium content.Keywords: Food Habits. Adolescents. Industrialized Foods.

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Blood Analysis Requests of Patients’ and Clinical Reflections in Primary Care

Eurasian Journal of Family Medicine ◽

10.33880/ejfm.2020090205 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 96-102

Author(s):

Zerrin Gamsizkan ◽

Mehmet Ali Sungur ◽

Yasemin Çayır

Keyword(s):

Chronic Disease ◽

Blood Test ◽

Family Health ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Blood Analysis ◽

Primary Role ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

High Expectations ◽

Blood Tests ◽

Study Results

Aim: The aim of the study is to determine the factors that may affect the demands of patients who come with the request to have a blood test without any chronic disease or a planned examination check. Methods: The data of this descriptive, cross-sectional study, were collected with a questionnaire that was prepared to examine the opinions of the patients who claim to have a blood test by coming to the family health center without any complaints. Patients over 18 years of age, who did not have any chronic disease and had no scheduled examination appointments were included in the study. Results: A total of 278 patients who wanted to have a blood test within the 6-months period were included in the study. Female patients who wanted to have a blood test were significantly more than male patients. When we look at the causes of patients who wanted to have a blood test; 61.2% (n=170) patients stated that they are concerned about their health and 6.1% (n=17) stated that they were affected by media warnings. There was no significant relationship between the frequency of blood test requests of patients and their age, gender, education, and general health status. Conclusion: Patients with high expectations and anxiety may be more willing to perform blood tests at inappropriate intervals. Family physicians, whose primary role is preventive medicine, have consultancy and information duties in order to protect their patients from the risk of over-examination and diagnosis. Keywords: blood tests, patient, screening, routine diagnostic tests

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STUDYING OF CHILDREN WITH MENTAL RETARDATION IN HUE CITY IN 2011

Journal of Medicine and Pharmacy ◽

10.34071/jmp.2012.2.11 ◽

2012 ◽

pp. 83-87

Author(s):

Thi Minh Xuan Doan ◽

Xuan Chuong Tran

Keyword(s):

Mental Retardation ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Learning Ability ◽

Daily Activities ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Slow Development ◽

Study Results

Children with mental retardation have low intelligence, slow thinking, low learning ability in comparison with the same age children. Objectives: 1. To determine the prevalence of children with mental retardation in Hue City. 2. To study some characteristics of children with mental retardation. Materials and methodes: All children with mental retardation in Hue city. Cross sectional study. Results: The prevalence of children with mental retardation (CMR) among children under 15 yrs is 0.23%, among disable children 38.16%. The highest prevalences ware in Phu Binh, Xuan Phu quarters (0.79 and 0.66%), lowest in Thuan Loc, Thuan Thanh quarters (0.03 and 0.06%). Children over 5 yrs old were 75.95%. Most of children have slow development in movement and daily activities. More than 78% have late walking, 84% have late speaking. Conclusions: The prevalence of children with mental retardation among children under 15 yrs is 0.23%, among disable children 38.16%. Most of children have slow development in movement and daily activities.

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