Vegetación de bordes en un bosque mesófilo de montaña del occidente de México

Botanical Sciences ◽

10.17129/botsci.2301 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 85 ◽

pp. 31

Author(s):

Ana Luisa Santiago Pérez ◽

Enrique José Jardel Peláez ◽

Ramón Cuevas Guzmán ◽

Francisco Martín Huerta Martínez

Keyword(s):

Cloud Forest ◽

Canopy Cover ◽

Biosphere Reserve ◽

Basal Area ◽

Soil Condition ◽

Forest Edge ◽

Pine Forests ◽

Edge Type ◽

Bosque Mesófilo De Montaña ◽

Sierra De Manantlán

Species composition, diversity, structure and microclimate were compared in two edge type of montane cloud forest (FF, edges with pine forest and FS, secondary shrubland) within a forest-edge-exterior gradient at Sierra de Manantlán Biosphere Reserve (Jalisco, Mexico). The cloud forest presented higher richness (126 species, 52 interior habitat specifi c) than pine forests (84) and shrublands (71). Richness and diversity were similar in FF, but species replacement was higher in FS. Density, diameter structure, basal area and canopy cover were major in FF than in FS. Microclimatic and soil condition, was gradual in FF edges and abrupt in FS edges. Tree species of the cloud forests (high density of seedlings and saplings <5 cm diameter breast height) are colonizing the understory of adjacent pine forests, whereas in shrublands their establishment appears to be limited by competition with shrubs and herbaceous species and microclimatic conditions. Our results highlight the importance of considering edge type contrast in conservation and restoration of cloud forest in forest landscapes.

Estructura, composición florística y diversidad de especies leñosas de un bosque mesófilo de montaña en la Sierra de Manantlán, Jalisco

Botanical Sciences ◽

10.17129/botsci.1676 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 17

Author(s):

Enrique Valente Sánchez-Rodríguez ◽

Lauro López-Mata ◽

Edmundo García-Moya ◽

Ramón Cuevas-Guzmán

Keyword(s):

Species Diversity ◽

Species Composition ◽

Forest Structure ◽

Cloud Forest ◽

Basal Area ◽

Floristic Composition ◽

Importance Value ◽

Transitional Forest ◽

Bosque Mesófilo De Montaña ◽

Sierra De Manantlán

In this paper we describe the structure, floristic composition and woody (tree and shrub) species diversity of a cloud forest at Cuzalapa, Sierra de Manantlán, Jalisco. Two localities with four 2,500 m2 plots each were established at El Durazno and La Pareja. All species present in the plots were identified and recorded, and their diameters at breast height (DBH ≥ 3cm) and heights measured. Forest structure is described using the relative values of density and basal area; in addition, a diagram of forest profile was drawn for each plot. Among-plot similarity was assessed with Sørensen 's Index. Species diversity was evaluated using Shannon-Wiener 's, Simpson's, and Fisher's α indexes. In the total sampled area (2 ha) 2,086 individuals belonging to 101 species (including two new records for the flora de la Sierra de Manantlán, Sapranthus foetidus and AIchornea latifolia), distributed in 75 genera and 44 farnilies, were recorded. The families with the largest numbers of species were: Leguminosae (8), Solanaceae and Fagaceae (7 each), Moraceae and Compositae (6 each), Lauraceae (5), and Rubiaceae (3). Tree density at El Durazno and La Pareja was 1,084 and 1,002 trees ha-', and basal area was 38.7 and 31.9 m2 ha-', respectively. At both localities, Styrax radians had the highest relative importance value. Forest structure and species composition at both localities correspond to tracks of transitional forest between early to intermediate stages, which results from recurrent anthro- pogenic disturbances such as logging 50 years ago. Species diversity in Cuzalapa is one of the highest ever recorded for cloud forests of Mexico, which presumably is a consequence of anthropogenic and natural disturbances. Both kind of disturbances are important forces in maintaining the structure, species composition, and high species diversity in this cloud forest.

INTERCAMBIO DE PLANTAS ENTRE HUERTOS Y OTROS ESPACIOS: ¿UNA ESTRATEGIA DE CONSERVACIÓN PARA EL BOSQUE MESÓFILO DE MONTAÑA DEL VOLCÁN TACANÁ, CHIAPAS, MÉXICO?

Revista Pueblos y fronteras digital ◽

10.22201/cimsur.18704115e.2015.20.34 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (20) ◽

pp. 92

Author(s):

María Eugenia Escobar Hernández ◽

Erin Ingrid Jane Estrada Lugo ◽

Eduardo Bello Baltazar

Keyword(s):

Cloud Forest ◽

Biosphere Reserve ◽

Home Gardens ◽

Conservation Strategy ◽

Home Garden ◽

Conservation Practices ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Tacaná Volcano ◽

Bosque Mesófilo De Montaña ◽

Definition Of

Se analiza el papel que realiza una de las prácticas de conservación en los huertos de una comunidad mame en la Reserva de Biosfera Volcán Tacaná; Chiquihuite, Unión Juárez, Chiapas. Lo anterior, se llevó a cabo mediante la recolecta e identificación de las especies presentes en veinticuatro huertos de la comunidad y entrevistas semi estructuradas sobre el espacio de origen y el uso a la especie. Con esta información se elaboró una matriz de presencia-ausencia y una red de relaciones entre espacios, y se concluyó que existe una práctica de intercambio, principalmente entre los espacios huerto-montaña y huerto-huerto. La base de este intercambio es el uso y por ello la definición local del concepto de conservación, no se explica sin este concepto. INTERCHANGE OF PLANTS BETWEEN HOME GARDENS AND OTHER SPACES: A CONSERVATION STRATEGY FOR THE CLOUD FOREST OF THE TACANÁ VOLCANO IN CHIAPAS STATE, MEXICO? This paper analyzes the role played by one of the conservation practices carried out in the home gardens of a Mame community in the Tacaná Volcano Biosphere Reserve: Chiquihuite, in the Unión Juárez municipality of Chiapas State. This analysis was conducted through collecting and identifying the species present in 24 of the home gardens of the community as well as semi-structured interviews regarding the space of origin and use of the species. Based on this information, a presence-absence matrix was developed as well as a network of relationships between spaces. It was concluded that there is a practice of interchange, mainly between home garden and mountain, and between home garden and home garden. This interchange is based on use and therefore the local definition of conservation cannot be explained without this concept.

Daño por herbivoría en plántulas de encino en bordes de fragmentos de bosque mesófilo de montaña

Botanical Sciences ◽

10.17129/botsci.1743 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 29

Author(s):

Juan Antonio Reynoso ◽

Guadalupe Williams-Linera

Keyword(s):

Air Temperature ◽

Cloud Forest ◽

Forest Fragments ◽

Air Humidity ◽

Wet Season ◽

Old Field ◽

Edge Type ◽

Bosque Mesófilo De Montaña ◽

One Year ◽

Soft Edge

Herbivory damage on Quercus xalapensis Humb. et Bonpl. seedlings was experimentally determined in two cloud forest fragments (Veracruz, Mexico), one with an abrupt edge (forest contiguous to a one-year old stand), and another with a soft edge (forest contiguous to a 10 year-old stand). Sets of seedlings were planted in transects parallel to the border. The experiments were conducted in the warm-dry (April-May) and warm-wet (July-August) seasons. Herbivory damage was measured at the beginning and at the end of each season. Weekly, microclimatic variables were measured in the same positions in which seedlings were planted. During the wet season, herbivory was similar at different distances from the border (ca. 2%), but during the dry season, herbivory was higher at the forest border (2.75-11.75%) than at the old-field (0.50-0.75%). Herbivory and air temperature were higher, and air humidity and soil water content were lower in the abrupt than in the soft edge. Our results suggest that herbivory levels on oak seedlings depend on modulating factors such as the edge type and the season of the year.

El bosque mesófilo de montaña en el municipio de Landa de Matamoros, Querétaro, México

Botanical Sciences ◽

10.17129/botsci.1653 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 13 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sandra Cartujano ◽

Sergio Zamudio ◽

Othón Alcántara-Ayala ◽

Isolda Luna

Keyword(s):

Vascular Plants ◽

Vegetation Type ◽

Cloud Forest ◽

Conservation Status ◽

Biosphere Reserve ◽

Distribution Map ◽

Floristic Inventory ◽

Sierra Madre ◽

La Joya ◽

Bosque Mesófilo De Montaña

A floristic inventory of the cloud forest of some localities of Landa de Matamoros municipality, Querétaro, was undertaken; this area is located in the Sierra Madre Oriental and is part of the Sierra Gorda Biosphere Reserve. In this zone the forest is fragmented, but it has a relatively good conservation status in some localities such as Camarones, Neblinas, La Yesca, and La Joya del Hielo. A floristic list of vascular plants composed by 130 families, 465 genera and 774 species was obtained. A distribution map of this vegetation type is included.

El bosque mesófilo de la región de Puerto Soledad (Oaxaca), México: Análisis estructural

Botanical Sciences ◽

10.17129/botsci.1592 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 23 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Carlos Alberto Ruiz-Jiménez ◽

Jorge Meave ◽

José Luis Contreras-Jiménez

Keyword(s):

Cloud Forest ◽

Small Diameter ◽

Canopy Cover ◽

Basal Area ◽

Abundant Species ◽

Forest Tree ◽

Montane Forest ◽

Important Species ◽

Montane Rain Forest ◽

Population Structures

Spatial variation of a mesophyllous montane forest (=cloud forest, montane rain forest) tree community structure (dbh ≥ 3.18 cm; girth≥ 10 cm) was evaluated by sampling with the point-centered quadrat technique at six contrasting environments at Puerto Soledad, Oaxaca: East-facing slope, North-facing slope, West-facing slope, South-facing slope, Mountain Top and Wet Ravine. Density ranged between 505 and 2,730 ind ha•1, and basal area between 41.8 and 172 m2 ha•1. Forest structure at the Mountain Top greatly differed from that in other environments, as the smallest density and largest basal area were found there. Total canopy cover was > 150% in all environments. Canopy height ranged between 20 and 35 m; no well defined strata were found at any site. Structurally important species were: Arctosta.phylos mguta, Clethra. licanoides, C. mexicana, Cyathea fulva, Ilex discolor, Podocarpus reichei, Quercus acherdophylla, Q. eugenifolia, Q. rysophylla and Ternstroermia lineata. Diameter-based population structures for the most abundant species were very variable, but in general small diameter classes were the best represented. According to an association analysis, around 12% of the 34 examined species pairs showed significant, negative associations. In general, the structural values assessed for the studied mesophyllous montane forest fall within the range for similar forests in other regions; however, the results of this study clearly show the large heterogeneity of the vegetation within a single locality, although this variability is more noticeable for some variables (e.g. density, basal area) than for others (e.g. cover). This study supports the idea that under the mesophyllous montane forest (bosque mesófilo de montaña), a diverse array of plant communities is grouped.

Análisis estructural de un bosque mesófilo de montaña en el extremo oriental de la Sierra Madre del Sur (Oaxaca), México

Botanical Sciences ◽

10.17129/botsci.1684 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 13

Author(s):

Nancy R. Mejía-Domínguez ◽

Jorge A. Meave ◽

Carlos A. Ruiz-Jiménez

Keyword(s):

Vegetation Type ◽

Cloud Forest ◽

Basal Area ◽

Individual Species ◽

Crown Cover ◽

Sierra Madre ◽

Tropical America ◽

Sierra Madre Del Sur ◽

Bosque Mesófilo De Montaña ◽

Topographic Heterogeneity

We analyzed vegetation structure in a 1-ha plot of cloud forest at Santo Tomás Teipan (Oaxaca, Mexico). Considering its marginal location near the edge of a region covered by this vegetation type on the Sierra Madre del Sur, we examined to what extent this community differed from other cloud forest communities thriving under better conditions for this plant formation. Each individual with diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥2.5 cm was located in a system of coordinates; besides, its taxonomic identity, crown cover, DBH and total height as well as the height to the first branch and the crown base were recorded. Basal area (46.41 m2 ha-1), cover (44,247.33 m2 ha-1), and density (1,035 ind. ha-1) figures fall within the known range for the lower montane rain forests of tropical America. According to structure and composition, two strata were differentiated: a lower one (2 to 11 m), and an upper one (11 to 30 m). Overall dominance corresponded to Cornus disciflora, an upper stratum species. In the plot two topographic conditions were distinguished, namely lower ravine slope and hilltop, which seem to be associated to contrasting soil characteristics. Although this topographic heterogeneity does not match the structural homogeneity of the forest, we detected some clumped patterns for individual species that were preferentially distributed in one of these conditions. The structure of the forest at Teipan is comparable to that of similar forests, but its diversity is relatively low. This may be explained by the absence of taxa occurring in the adjacent dry tropical communities, unlike other cloud forests whose flora appears to be enriched with some elements typical of tropical moist communities with which they abut.

Almacén de carbono en biomasa aérea de plantaciones experimentales con especies de sucesión temprana del bosque mesófilo de montaña

Botanical Sciences ◽

10.17129/botsci.2031 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 97 (1) ◽

pp. 82

Author(s):

Maria De la Luz Avendaño-Yañez ◽

Lázaro Rafael Sánchez-Velásquez ◽

Daniela Martínez-Ramírez ◽

Yareni Perroni ◽

Sara Patricia Ibarra-Zavaleta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Native Species ◽

Carbon Capture ◽

Cloud Forest ◽

Capture Rate ◽

Central Area ◽

Basal Area ◽

Annual Carbon ◽

Trema Micrantha ◽

Bosque Mesófilo De Montaña ◽

And Storage

Background: Forest plantations with fast-growing native species contribute to the capture and storage of Carbon (C). However, little is known about the survival, the potential of capture and storage of C in plantations with native species of the mountain cloud forest in Mexico.Questions: Is the survival different between individuals of Alnus acuminata and Trema micrantha sown in experimental plantations? Are the annual carbon capture rate and the total C content between the two species different?Species of study: A. acuminata and T. micrantha, species of rapid growth of the mountain cloud forest (MCF). Both of early successional states.Study site and years of study: Central area of the state of Veracruz. 2009-2012.Method: In the experimental plantations of A. acuminata and T. micrantha of three and a half years of age, survival, diameter and height were recorded. With these variables, the volume, the basal area, the weight of the aerial biomass, the carbon content of the trees and height, diameter and carbon growth rate were estimated.Results: The survival of A. acuminata plants was greater than T. micrantha (P < 0.05). The plantations of A. acuminata stored significantly more C (12.55 ± 0.05 Mg C ha-1) than the plantations of T. micrantha (11.62 ± 0.042 Mg C ha-1) (P < 0.001). The annual rate of carbon capture in A. acuminata was higher (2.6 ± 0.0001 Mg ha-1 yr-1) that T. micrantha (2.02 ± 0.00001 Mg ha-1 yr-1) (P < 0.001).Conclusions: Plantations with native species of early succession represent a viable complementary strategy in MCF restoration actions, as well as being carbon sinks that could be contributing to the mitigation of climate change.

Frogs and a Cloud-Forest Edge in Ecuador

Conservation Biology ◽

10.1046/j.1523-1739.2002.00250.x ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 735-744 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Eduardo Toral C. ◽

Peter Feinsinger ◽

Martha L. Crump

Keyword(s):

Cloud Forest ◽

Forest Edge

Adjudicating Perspectives on Forest Structure: How Do Airborne, Terrestrial, and Mobile Lidar-Derived Estimates Compare?

Remote Sensing ◽

10.3390/rs13122297 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (12) ◽

pp. 2297

Author(s):

Jonathon J. Donager ◽

Andrew J. Sánchez Meador ◽

Ryan C. Blackburn

Keyword(s):

Ponderosa Pine ◽

Laser Scanning ◽

Canopy Cover ◽

Basal Area ◽

Tree Height ◽

Absolute Error ◽

Forest Monitoring ◽

Individual Tree ◽

Structural Configurations ◽

Individual Trees

Applications of lidar in ecosystem conservation and management continue to expand as technology has rapidly evolved. An accounting of relative accuracy and errors among lidar platforms within a range of forest types and structural configurations was needed. Within a ponderosa pine forest in northern Arizona, we compare vegetation attributes at the tree-, plot-, and stand-scales derived from three lidar platforms: fixed-wing airborne (ALS), fixed-location terrestrial (TLS), and hand-held mobile laser scanning (MLS). We present a methodology to segment individual trees from TLS and MLS datasets, incorporating eigen-value and density metrics to locate trees, then assigning point returns to trees using a graph-theory shortest-path approach. Overall, we found MLS consistently provided more accurate structural metrics at the tree- (e.g., mean absolute error for DBH in cm was 4.8, 5.0, and 9.1 for MLS, TLS and ALS, respectively) and plot-scale (e.g., R2 for field observed and lidar-derived basal area, m2 ha−1, was 0.986, 0.974, and 0.851 for MLS, TLS, and ALS, respectively) as compared to ALS and TLS. While TLS data produced estimates similar to MLS, attributes derived from TLS often underpredicted structural values due to occlusion. Additionally, ALS data provided accurate estimates of tree height for larger trees, yet consistently missed and underpredicted small trees (≤35 cm). MLS produced accurate estimates of canopy cover and landscape metrics up to 50 m from plot center. TLS tended to underpredict both canopy cover and patch metrics with constant bias due to occlusion. Taking full advantage of minimal occlusion effects, MLS data consistently provided the best individual tree and plot-based metrics, with ALS providing the best estimates for volume, biomass, and canopy cover. Overall, we found MLS data logistically simple, quickly acquirable, and accurate for small area inventories, assessments, and monitoring activities. We suggest further work exploring the active use of MLS for forest monitoring and inventory.

Flora y Vegetación de las zonas núcleo de la Reserva de la Biosfera Mariposa Monarca, México

Botanical Sciences ◽

10.17129/botsci.1678 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 43

Author(s):

Guadalupe Cornejo-Tenorio ◽

Alejandro Casas ◽

Berenice Farfán ◽

José Luis Villaseñor ◽

Guillermo Ibarra-Manríquez

Keyword(s):

Cloud Forest ◽

Vascular Plant ◽

Coniferous Forest ◽

Biosphere Reserve ◽

Field Work ◽

Monarch Butterfly ◽

Oak Forests ◽

Vegetation Types ◽

Voucher Specimens ◽

One Year

A study of the flora and vegetation physiognomy was conducted at the core zones of the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve, in the states of México and Michoacán. Collection of plant specimens was carried out du ring one year of field work and this activity was supplemented by a review of voucher specimens previously collected in the area and deposited at the Mexican herbaria IEB, EBUM, and MEXU. A total of 423 vascular plant species including 32 infraespecific taxa and grouped in 86 families and 244 genera were identified, Families with the largest species richness were Asteraceae (103), Lamiaceae (21), Fabaceae (17), and Scrophulariaceae (17).The most speciose genera were Salvia (13), Stevia (8), and Ageratina (7). Mexican endemic species comprised 135 (31.9%) species, which included 13 infrae spec ific taxa; 40 of these species belong to Asteraceae. Herbs were represented by 326 species, followed by shrubs (5 1) and trees (33). The main vegetation types recognized were coniferous forest (including combinations of fir, pine, and oak forests), cloud forest, anthropogenic grass land, and Quercus forest.