El delito como castigo: las cárceles colombianas

URVIO - Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios de Seguridad ◽

10.17141/urvio.24.2019.3778 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 134-149

Author(s):

Aurora Inés Moreno Torres

Keyword(s):

Opportunity To Learn ◽

High Rate ◽

Criminal Organizations ◽

Professional Study ◽

Los Grupos

El objetivo de este estudio es analizar hasta qué punto la cárcel se convierte en un lugar de nuevos aprendizajes delincuenciales, donde la lucha por la supervivencia es un desafío diario y la falta de dinero deja al reo en estado de vulnerabilidad frente a los grupos u organizaciones delictivas que operan dentro del penal. La resocialización a través de una ocupación, el aprendizaje de un oficio y el estudio profesional son modalidades que deben existir en toda cárcel para evitar la reincidencia, para que el castigo resulte una oportunidad para aprender un nuevo oficio y para persuadir contra el delito. Contrario a esto, existe un alto índice de reincidencia y hacinamiento, que impide que el delincuente se aparte del delito. En este artículo se hace un análisis dentro de dos cárceles en Colombia. Abstract This article aims to analyze the extent to which the prison becomes a place of new delinquent learning, where the struggle for survival is a daily challenge and the lack of money leaves the prisoner in a vulnerable state in front of groups or criminal organizations who operate inside the prison. The re-socialization through an occupation, learning a trade and professional study are modalities that must exist in every prison to avoid recidivism, for the punishment to become an opportunity to learn a new trade and to persuade against crime. On the contrary, there is a high rate of recidivism and overcrowding, which prevents the offender from separating from the crime. This article presents an analysis inside two prisons in Colombia.

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Prevalencia y evolución de la apendicitis aguda en pacientes del Hospital Belén de Trujillo

Revista ECIPeru ◽

10.33017/reveciperu2016.0006/ ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 41-45

Keyword(s):

Acute Appendicitis ◽

Elderly People ◽

Surgical Procedures ◽

Age Groups ◽

The Elderly ◽

Complicated Appendicitis ◽

High Rate ◽

The Third ◽

The World ◽

Los Grupos

Prevalencia y evolución de la apendicitis aguda en pacientes del Hospital Belén de Trujillo Prevalence and evolution of the acute appendicitis in the La Libertad in the years 2011 to 2015 in HBT Elizabeth Aguirre1ª, Cecilia Cabanillas2ª, Esteban Vergara3ª 1 Hospital Belén de Trujillo, [email protected] 2 Clínica Peruano Americana - Trujillo, [email protected] 3 Hospital Regional Docente de Trujillo, [email protected] ª Maestría de la Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego DOI: https://doi.org/10.33017/RevECIPeru2016.0006/ Resumen La apendicitis aguda es la emergencia quirúrgica más común en todo el mundo, y por eso la apendicectomía es uno de los procedimientos quirúrgicos más comunes. La incidencia máxima es entre la segunda y las terceras décadas de la vida. Aunque la mayoría de los pacientes con apendicitis aguda tiene enfermedad no complicada, la apendicitis complicada es relativamente común con una incidencia similar para todos los grupos de edad. Hemos encontrado que personas de edad avanzada cada vez más están siendo diagnosticados con apendicitis aguda, aunque ya en una etapa posterior de enfermedad. Algunos autores han sugerido que la apendicitis en el anciano es comúnmente asociada con un retraso en el diagnóstico y una alta tasa de complicaciones. En nuestro estudio encontramos que el sexo masculino fue predominante, así mismo la mayor frecuencia se encontró en Trujillo, teniendo el 2012 el año de mayor número de casos. El propósito del estudio fue determinar la prevalencia y la evolución de la apendicitis aguda en los pacientes del Hospital Belén de Trujillo, procedentes del departamento La Libertad, con datos tomados del archivo del Hospital Belén de Trujillo, durante el quinquenio 2011-2015, para poder tener una visión de la realidad de esta patología tan frecuente, pero en nuestra región. Descriptores: apendicitis, prevalencia, evolución. Abstract Acute appendicitis is the most common surgical emergency around the world, and that appendectomy is one of the most common surgical procedures. The peak incidence is between the second and the third decade of life. Although the majority of patients with acute appendicitis has uncomplicated illness, complicated appendicitis is relatively common with an incidence similar for all age groups. We have found that more and more elderly people are being diagnosed with appendicitis, although in a later stage of disease. Some authors have suggested that the appendicitis in the elderly is commonly associated with a delay in the diagnosis and a high rate of complications. We also found that within the Department La Libertad, the patients from nearby provinces attend is with more incidence geographically, although we also found very remote places patients who often are the complicated. The purpose of the study is intended to determine the prevalence and evolution of the acute appendicitis in the La Libertad Department, with data taken from the archive of the Hospital Belen of Trujillo, during the five-year period 2011-2015, in order to have a glimpse of the reality of this disease so prevalent, but in our region. Keywords: appendicitis, prevalence, evolution.

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Art and Architecture as Opponents against the Cultural Identity Loss in the Context of a Post-Industrial Environment - The Case of the Manufacturing Villages of Cebolais de Cima and Retaxo, Portugal

Athens Journal of Architecture ◽

10.30958/aja.7-1-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 59-74

Keyword(s):

Textile Industry ◽

Critical Mass ◽

Opportunity To Learn ◽

High Rate ◽

Experimental Methodology ◽

Human Environment ◽

Daily Lives ◽

Weak Reflection ◽

The University ◽

Intensive Work

Facing the dramatic desertification extent of the territory under study, this article presents the results of an experimental methodology approach on the regeneration of landscapes in the national territory, where man, communities, architecture, art and landscape combine in a visible result, image of synthesis, itself revealing the problem. The deactivation process of the local textile industry, in the territory of Cebolais de Cima and Retaxo, Castelo Branco, Portugal, was marked by a period of stagnation, abandonment and degradation of its manufacturing sites and consequently, of deep degradation of the urban and human landscape. This landscape, which was mainly characterized by an intensive work environment and industrial production, is today essentially portrayed through a legacy of abandoned buildings, materials and machinery, scattered throughout the distorted scenery. It is therefore in a physical, social and human environment with a high rate of abandonment and degradation that matrixes will be found for a process of collaboration between an active group of local forces and the critical mass offered by the University. This was intended to incite a strong awakening of the various agents involved in the alarming conformism installed in these settlements, an environment that transcends the entire frontier territory of the interior border between Portugal and Spain. The beginning of this path with several steps and still in a preliminary stage was offered to students of architecture in Lisbon. It was the opportunity to learn realities other than those of their daily lives, in a universe of excess of information, but weak reflection. It also allowed them to challenge their points of view against the ones of those few who still live in the territory and preferred to stay rather than emigrate as most already did. For this difficult rendezvous, several actions were planned during two years, in Lisbon and Cebolais de Cima and Retaxo, culminating in the so-called Creative Assault, the "occupation" of an abandoned factory intended as a wake-up call for awareness. For three days, various activities and exhibitions took place in this space, inviting the community and local authorities to participate, as well as the students involved in the various moments of work.

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Structure of Palladium Single-Crystal Films Prepared by Flash Evaporation onto (001) NaCl Substrates

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100069272 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 28 ◽

pp. 456-457

Author(s):

L. E. Murr ◽

G. Wong

Keyword(s):

Single Crystal ◽

High Vacuum ◽

Ultra High Vacuum ◽

High Rate ◽

Flash Evaporation ◽

Optimum Load ◽

Single Crystal Films ◽

Crystal Films ◽

A Current

Palladium single-crystal films have been prepared by Matthews in ultra-high vacuum by evaporation onto (001) NaCl substrates cleaved in-situ, and maintained at ∼ 350° C. Murr has also produced large-grained and single-crystal Pd films by high-rate evaporation onto (001) NaCl air-cleaved substrates at 350°C. In the present work, very large (∼ 3cm2), continuous single-crystal films of Pd have been prepared by flash evaporation onto air-cleaved (001) NaCl substrates at temperatures at or below 250°C. Evaporation rates estimated to be ≧ 2000 Å/sec, were obtained by effectively short-circuiting 1 mil tungsten evaporation boats in a self-regulating system which maintained an optimum load current of approximately 90 amperes; corresponding to a current density through the boat of ∼ 4 × 104 amperes/cm2.

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Rapid Freezing of Freeze-Etch Specimens

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s1431927600003275 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 38 ◽

pp. 752-755

Author(s):

A. Elgsaeter ◽

T. Espevik ◽

G. Kopstad

Keyword(s):

Low Temperature ◽

Metal Surface ◽

Relative Velocity ◽

Thermal Contact ◽

High Rate ◽

Rapid Freezing ◽

Temperature Decrease ◽

Freeze Etching

The importance of a high rate of temperature decrease (“rapid freezing”) when freezing specimens for freeze-etching has long been recognized1. The two basic methods for achieving rapid freezing are: 1) dropping the specimen onto a metal surface at low temperature, 2) bringing the specimen instantaneously into thermal contact with a liquid at low temperature and subsequently maintaining a high relative velocity between the liquid and the specimen. Over the last couple of years the first method has received strong renewed interest, particularily as the result of a series of important studies by Heuser and coworkers 2,3. In this paper we will compare these two freezing methods theoretically and experimentally.

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Spotlight on the Clinician in the Life Participation Approach to Aphasia: Balancing Relationship-Centered Care and Professionalism

Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups ◽

10.1044/2019_persp-19-00025 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 414-424

Author(s):

Rochelle Cohen-Schneider ◽

Melodie T. Chan ◽

Denise M. McCall ◽

Allison M. Tedesco ◽

Ann P. Abramson

Keyword(s):

Social Workers ◽

Therapeutic Relationship ◽

Interprofessional Collaboration ◽

Opportunity To Learn ◽

Subjective Experiences ◽

Speech Language Pathologists ◽

Self Disclosure ◽

Centered Care ◽

High Standards ◽

Therapeutic Encounter

Background Speech-language pathologists make clinical decisions informed by evidence-based theory and “beliefs, values and emotional experiences” ( Hinckley, 2005 , p. 265). These subjective processes, while not extensively studied, underlie the workings of the therapeutic relationship and contribute to treatment outcomes. While speech-language pathologists do not routinely pay attention to subjective experiences of the therapeutic encounter, social workers do. Thus, the field of social work makes an invaluable contribution to the knowledge and skills of speech-language pathologists. Purpose This clinical focus article focuses on the clinician's contribution to the therapeutic relationship by surfacing elements of the underlying subjective processes. Method Vignettes were gathered from clinicians in two community aphasia programs informed by the principles of the Life Participation Approach to Aphasia. Results and Discussion By reflecting on and sharing aspects of clinical encounters, clinicians reveal subjective processing occurring beneath the surface. The vignettes shed light on the following clinical behaviors: listening to the client's “whole self,” having considerations around self-disclosure, dealing with biases, recognizing and surfacing clients' identities, and fostering hope. Speech-language pathologists are given little instruction on the importance of the therapeutic relationship, how to conceptualize this relationship, and how to balance this relationship with professionalism. Interprofessional collaboration with social workers provides a rich opportunity to learn ways to form and utilize the benefits of a strong therapeutic relationship while maintaining high standards of ethical behavior. Conclusion This clinical focus article provides speech-language pathologists with the “nuts and bolts” for considering elements of the therapeutic relationship. This is an area that is gaining traction in the field of speech-language pathology and warrants further investigation.

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