scholarly journals The Effect of northern corn leaf blight severity on Fusarium ear rot incidence of maize

2020 ◽  
Vol 116 (11/12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryke Craven ◽  
Liesl Morey ◽  
Liesl Morey ◽  
Adrian Abrahams ◽  
Henry A. Njom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Fusarium Verticillioides ◽  
Plant Stress ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Fusarium Ear Rot ◽  
Ear Rot ◽  
Northern Corn Leaf Blight ◽  
Progress Curve ◽  
Corn Leaf Blight

Northern corn leaf blight (NCLB) caused by Exserohilum turcicum and Fusarium ear rot caused by Fusarium verticillioides, are economically important maize diseases in South Africa. The effect of induced plant stress by NCLB on F. verticillioides ear rot and fumonisin production is unknown. Four field trials were conducted during 2016/2017 and 2017/2018 (November and December planting dates) at the Agricultural Research Council – Grain Crops in Potchefstroom (South Africa). Three maize cultivars with varying resistance levels to NCLB were selected (IMP50-10B – susceptible, BG3292 – moderately susceptible, DKC 61-94BR – resistant). NCLB severities were created through eight treatments: TMT1 – maximum control (three fungicide applications); TMT2 – standard control (two fungicide applications) and TMT3 – natural control (not inoculated or sprayed). The remaining treatments were inoculated with a cocktail of five NCLB races (Race 3, 3N, 23, 23N and 13N): TMT4 (five weeks after planting / WAP); TMT5 (five and six WAP); TMT6 (five, six and seven WAP); TMT7 (six and seven WAP); and TMT8 (seven WAP). Maize ears were naturally infected with F. verticillioides. Fifteen random plants were labelled at dent stage and NCLB severity (%), area under the disease progress curve, ear rot diseased area, ear rot severity (%), ear rot incidence (%) and total fumonisins (FB1+FB2+FB3; ug/kg) were established. Low levels of cob rot severity and fumonisins were obtained in all four trials. NCLB severity did not affect ear rot related parameters measured. Mean fumonisin levels were below the South African tolerance levels. Fumonisin concentrations differed significantly between cultivars but was not affected by NCLB severity or the cultivar x treatment interaction.

scholarly journals Reaction of maize hybrids to Northern corn leaf blight and common rust, and chemical control of Northern corn leaf blight

2019 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliane Nicolodi Camera ◽  
Carlos Alberto Forcelini ◽  
Jana Koefender ◽  
Diego Pascoal Golle ◽  
André Schoffel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Control ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Exserohilum Turcicum ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Northern Corn Leaf Blight ◽  
Progress Curve ◽  
Rust Severity ◽  
The Common ◽  
Corn Leaf Blight

ABSTRACT: Northern corn leaf blight (NCLB) and common rust are among the primary fungal diseases affecting maize production. This study aimed to evaluate the susceptibility of ten maize hybrids to NCLB and to common rust and to verify the efficiency of fungicides in the chemical control of Exserohilum turcicum. In the first experiment, hybrids Pioneer (30F53, P1630H, P2530), Monsanto (AG 8045, AG 9045), Dow AgroSciences (2A550, 2A106 and 2B587) and Syngenta (SYN7205 VIPTERA, SW 3949 TL) were used and in the experiment for effectiveness of fungicides in the control of NCLB. The efficiency of fungicides propiconazole, azoxystrobin, cyproconazole + azoxystrobin, prothioconazole + trifloxystrobin, benzovindiflupir + azoxystrobin, cyproconazole + azoxystrobin + mancozeb were tested in the Pioneer P1630H hybrid. In both experiments, the leaf disease severity (%), yield and the weight of one thousand seeds were evaluated. The experimental design was carried out in randomized blocks with four replicates. The hybrids SYN7205, P2530, SW 3949 TL, 2B587, AG 9045, 2A550, P1630H, 2A106 and AG 8025 showed the smallest areas under the common rust severity progress curve. Hybrids AG9045, 30F53, and 2A550 presented the smallest areas under the NCLB progress curve. Hybrids AG8025, 2B587, P1630H, AG9045, 2A106, 2A550, present the highest yields. The fungicides prothioconazole + trifloxystrobin present the highest chemical control efficiency for NCLB and the lowest area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC).

Evaluation of Maize Hybrids for Identifying Resistance to Northern Corn Leaf Blight in Northeast China

Plant Disease ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhoujie Ma ◽  
Hongyan Hui ◽  
Yufei Huang ◽  
Yuan Yao ◽  
Yanqiu Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Northeast China ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Northern Corn Leaf Blight ◽  
Progress Curve ◽  
Severity Scores ◽  
Disease Parameter ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Corn Leaf Blight

Northern corn leaf blight (NCLB) caused by Setosphaeria turcica is one of the most devastating foliar diseases in maize (Zea mays), resulting in great economic losses worldwide. The mutation of the pathogen exacerbates the occurrence and harmfulness of NCLB in China. Therefore, there is an urgent need for evaluating and cultivating resistant hybrids. Here, the response of 239 maize hybrids approved in Northeast China to NCLB was evaluated during 2019 and 2020. The results showed that 92 (38.49%) and 75 (31.38%) hybrids were rated as moderately resistant and resistant, respectively, which together constituted the predominant resistant categories. We observed that maize hybrids from different certified sources had different levels of resistance to NCLB, whose disease parameter values varied significantly (P <0.05) among 52 main cultivated hybrids. In 2019 and 2020, the average size of the lesions increased from 21.02 to 21.06 cm2, the average lesion density decreased from 1.36 to 1.33 lesions/100 cm2, and more than 30% of the hybrids registered final disease severity scores between 10% and 30%. The area under the disease progress curve of the main cultivated hybrids ranged from 57.96 to 986.86 cm2 in 2019 and from 50.75 to 1028.65 cm2 in 2020. Correlation analysis revealed a significant relationship (P <0.0001) among four disease parameters. Current research has shown that many maize hybrids in Northeast China are resistant to NCLB. This study should assist growers in purposefully selecting resistant commercial hybrids to contribute to the management of NCLB.

scholarly journals Resistance in Maize Inbred Lines to Fusarium verticillioides and Fumonisin Accumulation in South Africa

Plant Disease ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 881-888 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. M. Small ◽  
B. C. Flett ◽  
W. F. O. Marasas ◽  
A. McLeod ◽  
M. A. Stander ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Fusarium Verticillioides ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Fusarium Ear Rot ◽  
Ear Rot ◽  
Maize Breeding ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines

Fusarium ear rot of maize, caused by Fusarium verticillioides, is an important disease affecting maize production worldwide. Apart from reducing yield and grain quality, F. verticillioides produces fumonisins which have been associated with mycotoxicoses of animals and humans. Currently, no maize breeding lines are known with resistance to F. verticillioides in South Africa. The objective of this study, therefore, was to evaluate 24 genetically diverse maize inbred lines as potential sources of resistance to Fusarium ear rot and fumonisin accumulation in field trials at Potchefstroom and Vaalharts in South Africa. After artificial silk channel inoculation with F. verticillioides, Fusarium ear rot development was determined at harvest and fumonisins B1, B2, and B3 quantified. A significant inbred line by location effect was observed for Fusarium ear rot severity (P ≤ 0.001), although certain lines proved to be consistently resistant across both locations. The individual inbred lines also differed considerably in fumonisin accumulation between Potchefstroom and Vaalharts, with differentiation between susceptible and potentially resistant inbred lines only being possible at Vaalharts. A greenhouse inoculation trial was then also performed on a subset of potentially resistant and highly susceptible lines. The inbred lines CML 390, CML 444, CML 182, VO 617Y-2, and RO 549 W consistently showed a low Fusarium ear rot (<5%) incidence at both Potchefstroom and Vaalharts and in the greenhouse. Two of these inbred lines, CML 390 and CML 444, accumulated fumonisin levels <5 mg kg–1. These lines could potentially act as sources of resistance for use within a maize breeding program.

Morphological and molecular markers based screening of maize hybrids against northern corn leaf blight

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadaf Naeem ◽  
Muhammad Tahir ◽  
Kiramat Khan ◽  
Amjad Hasan ◽  
Rafiq Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Northern Corn Leaf Blight ◽  
Corn Leaf Blight

Klebsiella jilinsis 2N3 promotes maize growth and induces resistance to northern corn leaf blight

2021 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 104554
Author(s):  
Meng Zhang ◽  
Cheng Zhang ◽  
Sisheng Zhang ◽  
Huilin Yu ◽  
Hongyu Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Northern Corn Leaf Blight ◽  
Maize Growth ◽  
Corn Leaf Blight

scholarly journals A Quantitative Disease Severity Rating Scale for Northern Corn Leaf Blight

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trey Price ◽  
Myra Purvis ◽  
Hunter Pruitt
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
The United States ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Analysis Software ◽  
Northern Corn Leaf Blight ◽  
Severity Rating ◽  
Corn Leaf Blight

Northern corn leaf blight (NCLB) is an annual issue for corn producers throughout the United States. Consequently, researchers are constantly evaluating hybrids for resistance and fungicides for efficacy. In most cases, NCLB severity is evaluated by visually estimating the percentage of affected foliage. Perceptions of disease severity are variable among stakeholders; therefore, a rating scale was created using photo analysis software that may be used to increase accuracy of disease severity estimations. Accepted for publication 15 March 2016. Published 28 March 2016.

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