scholarly journals NATURAL HISTORY OF DEKAY’S BROWNSNAKE, STORERIA DEKAYI (HOLBROOK, 1836), AT A SITE IN NORTHWESTERN PENNSYLVANIA

2014 ◽  
pp. 28-39
Author(s):  
Brian S. Gray
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Site Fidelity ◽  
Additional Data ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Morphometric Data ◽  
Erie County ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
History Of ◽  
A Site

A population of Dekay’s Brownsnake, Storeria dekayi was studied using mark-recapture techniques in Erie County, Pennsylvania, USA during the spring, summer and autumn of 2012. Morphometric data were similar to that reported for the species, with adult females averaging larger and more massive than adult males. However, sexual dimorphism in snout-vent length (SVL) and total length (TL) was not significantly different (P>0.05) in juveniles, although relative tail length (tl/TL) was dimorphic. Relative tail length in both juveniles and adults was greater in males (tl/TL = 0.22-0.27) than females (tl/TL = 0.18-0.23). Storeria dekayi were active from 21 March through 22 October, and displayed a bimodal activity pattern, with peaks in April and August. Using the Schnabel and the Schumacher-Eschmeyer methods, population size was estimated to be 122 ± 19 and 130 ± 35 individuals, respectively. Density was estimated to be 244 and 260 snakes/ha, and biomass 1.60 and 1.71 kg/ha. Additional data regarding population structure, mortality, diet, reproduction, body temperature, movements and site fidelity are also presented.

scholarly journals The Diet and Sexual Differences of the Caspian Bent-Toed Gecko,Tenuidactylus caspius(Squamata: Gekkonidae), in Northern Iran

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vida Hojati ◽  
Reza Babaei Savasari
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Northern Iran ◽  
Widespread Distribution ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Prey Items

The Caspian bent-toed gecko,Tenuidactylus caspius, is one of the most common nocturnal lizards of Iran with widespread distribution especially in the northern provinces. This research was done in order to study the diet and sexual dimorphism of this species in Sari County from 5 May to 20 October. During this research, 40 specimens of them including 20 males and 20 females were studied for diet and 140 specimens including 70 adult males and 70 adult females were studied for sexual dimorphism. Prey items identified were insects that belong to 15 species of 8 families and 6 orders. The most common prey items wereCulex pipiensandMusca domestica. There is no significant difference between diets of males and females. Results show that the adult males in addition of having the apparent femoral and preanal pores are heavier than females and have larger body, head, and tail length.

A new species of terrestrial-breeding frog of the genus Pristimantis (Anura: Terrarana: Craugastoridae) from the eastern Andean slopes of the southern Ecuador

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4658 (3) ◽  
pp. 509-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
JORGE H. VALENCIA ◽  
FRANCISCO VALLADARES-SUNTASIG ◽  
LUIS TIPANTIZA-TUGUMINAGO ◽  
MANUEL R. DUEÑAS
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Cloud Forest ◽  
Small Body ◽  
Advertisement Call ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Upper Eyelid ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
History Of ◽  
Eye Diameter

A new frog of the genus Pristimantis is described from a montane cloud forest at 9 de Octubre (2°14’52” S, 78°16’37” W; 1778 m) province of Morona Santiago in the upper basin of the Upano River, southeastern Ecuador. The description of the new species is based on the examination of eleven adult males and three adult females. The new taxon can be readily distinguished from other congeneric species that inhabit the eastern Andes of Ecuador by the unique combination of the following characters: small body (adult males SVL 12.0–17.0 mm, adult females SVL 18.5–21.7 mm); skin of dorsum finely shagreen with two subconical scapular tubercles, weak and discontinuous dorsolateral folds in the middle of the back; large tympanum 70–93% of eye diameter; snout subacuminate in dorsal view, rounded in profile; upper eyelid bearing four or five small and flat supraocular tubercles; males lacking vocal slits and nuptial pads; all discs on fingers and toes lanceolate. Additionally, we provide information on the advertisement call and natural history of the new species.

Morphological variation in deer mice in relation to sex and habitat

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 527-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuhua Xia ◽  
John S. Millar
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Deer Mice ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Foot Length ◽  
Hind Foot ◽  
Similar Body ◽  
Juvenile Males

Peromyscus maniculatus borealis were collected in two habitats with contrasting physiognomic features in the Kananaskis Valley, Alberta, in the summer of 1983. We tested for differences between sexes and habitats using 4 body measurements (body length, tail length, hind foot length, and ear length) and 10 cranial (including mandibular) measurements of 222 and 192 adult P. m. borealis, respectively. Body measurements of 132 juveniles and five cranial (including mandibular) measurements from 124 juvenile skulls were analysed similarly. When differences in body length were controlled, adult males had significantly longer hind feet than adult females. The mandible was also significantly longer in adult males than in adult females. We interpreted the longer hind foot length in adult males as an adaptation to provide greater mobility, and the differences in mandibular morphology as a consequence of differential habitat use between the two sexes. No significant differences were found between juvenile males and females. Sexual dimorphism appeared to be age dependent rather than size dependent when adults and juveniles of similar body size were analysed.

scholarly journals Morphological variation of Philodryas patagoniensis (Girard, 1858) (Serpentes, Dipsadidae) from Brazil, based on the study of pholidosis, coloration and morphometric features

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafaella Vallim Gouveia ◽  
Iara Alves Novelli ◽  
Fabiano Matos Vieira ◽  
Bernadete Maria de Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Head Length ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Morphometric Features ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The current study aimed to verify the relationship between the patterns of coloration, the morphometrical features and pholidosis of specimens of Philodryas patagoniensis from Brazil, with the sexual dimorphism of this species. We studied specimens of P. patagoniensis deposited in several herpetological collections from Brazil. A total of 355 specimens were analyzed, of these 145 were males (87 adults and 58 juveniles) and 210 were females (134 adults and 76 juveniles). Adult specimens exhibit sexual dimorphism in snout-vent length, tail length, head length, number of ventral shields, and number of subcaudal shields. The analysis of variance showed that the adult females are significantly longer than adult males, both at snout-vent length and tail length. Females have a greater number of ventral shields (138-210) than males (151-200). The specimens studied also exhibit two distinct patterns of coloration unrelated to geographical or sexual variations.

Site fidelity of Weddell seals: the effects of sex and age

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael F. Cameron ◽  
Donald B. Siniff ◽  
Kelly M. Proffitt ◽  
Robert A. Garrott
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Site Fidelity ◽  
Life History Strategy ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Weddell Seals ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
A Site ◽  
Traditional Breeding

AbstractSite fidelity is believed to be an important life history strategy for Weddell seals (Leptonychotes weddellii), that return to traditional breeding colonies each spring. We examined four hypotheses concerning their fidelity to these colonies: 1) fidelity is stronger to natal sites (natal fidelity) than to other sites, 2) females exhibit greater site fidelity than males, 3) site fidelity for both sexes increases with age, 4) site fidelity in adult females is related to their reproductive status and their total number of offspring. Analysis of a long-term tagging database from McMurdo Sound did not support hypotheses 1 and 2. Although animals did express fidelity to specific sites over their lifetime (χ2 tests, P < 0.05), fidelity to natal colonies was lower than to other sites (χ2 test, P < 0.05). There were no differences in site fidelity between males and females (χ2 tests, P > 0.05). Hypothesis 3 was supported. Since the probability of a returning seal occupying the same colony as the previous year increased with age among both sexes to about age 12. Finally, in support of hypothesis 4, females with a higher degree of site fidelity were more likely to both have a higher reproductive rate and return to a site where they have previously given birth.

scholarly journals Struktur Populasi Kelelawar (Tylonycteris pachypus) yang Bersarang pada Bambu (Bambusa maculata) di Dusun Jangkok, Kecamatan Air Besar, Kabupaten Landak

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Salomon Tri Rima Setyawati, Ari Hepi Yanti
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Rubber Plantation ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Mark Release Recapture

Tylonycteris pachypus is included into Vespertilonidae family which nesting in bamboo (Bambusa maculata) in rubber plantation of Jangkok Hamlet, Air Besar Sub-District, Landak District. The aim of this study was to determine the population structure of bats and the characteristics of bamboo nests. Data collection was carried out from May to July 2017. The method used was Capture Mark Release Recapture (CMRR), the bats caught were marked with red-oil paint on the back. The results showed that one group of T. pachypus nesting in bamboo consisted of 2 adult males, 1 male young bat, and 6 adult females. The estimated total population of 14 estimated population is (SE ± 2,09). The bamboo cavity that is made as the nest by             T. pachypus has a smooth inner-wall texture, moist, with a section length of 406 mm, a diameter of 41 mm, and it is at the altitude of 1870 mm above the ground. Cracks or inlets on bamboo as the entrance is small and narrow with a vertical length of 33 mm and a horizontal width of 8-10 mm.

scholarly journals Assessing population structure and body condition to inform conservation strategies for a small isolated Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) population in southwest China

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0248210
Author(s):  
Yakuan Sun ◽  
Ying Chen ◽  
Juan José Díaz-Sacco ◽  
Kun Shi
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Asian Elephant ◽  
Elephas Maximus ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Sampling Effort ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Elephant Population

The Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) population in Nangunhe National Nature Reserve in China represents a unique evolutionary branch that has been isolated for more than twenty years from neighboring populations in Myanmar. The scarcity of information on population structure, sex ratio, and body condition makes it difficult to develop effective conservation measures for this elephant population. Twelve individuals were identified from 3,860 valid elephant images obtained from February to June 2018 (5,942 sampling effort nights) at 52 camera sites. Three adult females, three adult males, one subadult male, two juvenile females, two juvenile males and one male calf were identified. The ratio of adult females to adult males was 1:1, and the ratio of reproductive ability was 1:0.67, indicating the scarcity of reproductive females as an important limiting factor to population growth. A population density of 5.32 ± 1.56 elephants/100 km2 was estimated using Spatially Explicit Capture Recapture (SECR) models. The health condition of this elephant population was assessed using an 11-point scale of Body Condition Scoring (BCS). The average BCS was 5.75 (n = 12, range 2–9), with adult females scoring lower than adult males. This isolated population is extremely small and has an inverted pyramid age structure and therefore is at a high risk of extinction. We propose three plans to improve the survival of this population: improving the quality and quantity of food resources, removing fencing and establishing corridors between the east and wet parts of Nangunhe reserve.

Allometric models for sex ratio determination in all stages of ontogeny of Chelonia mydas from Bahía de los Ángeles, México

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (5) ◽  
pp. 825-830
Author(s):  
Elena Solana-Arellano ◽  
David Ramírez-Delgado ◽  
Erika Santacruz-López
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Gulf Of California ◽  
Carapace Length ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Chelonia Mydas ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Allometric Models ◽  
Adult Females

AbstractIn order to determine the sex of Chelonia mydas individuals found within one of the principal foraging areas of the Gulf of California during any given stage of ontogeny, 529 individuals were sampled in Bahía de los Ángeles from 1995–2012, and their morphometric data were collected. A principal component analysis (PCA) was performed for the morphometric variables, and two principal components were obtained that unambiguously separated sexes and ontogenetic stages. The first component was defined by straight carapace length (SCL), curve carapace length (CCL), plastron length (PL) and carapace depth (CD), while the second factor was represented by total tail length (TTL). Allometric models were fitted with the most important variables determined by the PCA. The model PL = αSCLβ was able to distinguish between adults and immature individuals. For adult organisms, the model that best separated males from females was TTL = αSCLβ. Adult females had SCL values of 66–96.7 cm and TTL values of 16.3–25 cm, while adult males had SCL values of 66.4–12.5 cm and TTL values > 25 cm. As the organisms were considered immature only if SCL < 77.3, we were able to determine the TTL values for immature individuals by using elemental mathematics and solving for SCL in the equation TTL = αSCLβ for each group (i.e. adult females, adult males and immatures). So, considering the mathematical approach and acknowledging the lack of background information, immature individuals may be considered potential females if the TTL value is between 7.04–17.8 cm and potential males if the TTL value > 17.8 cm.

scholarly journals Population Structure of Mesoclemmys vanderhaegei (Bour, 1973) (Testudines:Chelidae) in the Cerrado of Chapada dos Guimarães, Mato Grosso, Brazil

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 245-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizângela Silva de Brito ◽  
Christine Strussmann ◽  
Jerry Magno Ferreira Penha
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Freshwater Turtles ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
The Family ◽  
Number Of Individuals

Studies on population structure of freshwater turtles belonging to the family Chelidae are scarce in Brazil. Herein we describe the structure of a population of the chelid Mesoclemmys vanderhaegei in a Cerrado area in the municipality of Chapada dos Guimarães, Mato Grosso, Brazil. A total of 80 individuals were captured in five collecting sites, from January to March 2007: 42 adult females, 27 adult males, and 11 juveniles with undetermined sex. Among 80 individuals, 24% were recaptured, at least once. This is the first attempt to estimate the size of a population of Mesoclemmys vanderhaegei. Our results suggest that additional sampling efforts are needed for more accurate estimates of population structure. Nevertheless, they surely provide minimum values of the number of individuals of M. vanderhaegei living in the locality sampled.

scholarly journals Site fidelity and effects of body mass on home-range size of Egyptian mongooses

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 465-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Palomares
Keyword(s):  
Home Range ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Site Fidelity ◽  
Home Range Size ◽  
Range Size ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Spatial Strategies ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Egyptian Mongoose ◽  
Herpestes Ichneumon

Home-range size has been found to be related to body mass of some animals both across species and within species when the spatial strategies of the sexes differ. I studied home-range size in a polygynous carnivore, the Egyptian mongoose (Herpestes ichneumon), and compared observed home-range size with predictions based on body mass. First, I tested whether mongooses actually exhibited site fidelity (for daily and multiday periods). Mongooses always showed site fidelity for a multiday home range, but in only 59% of the cases for daily home range. Adult males exhibited less daily site fidelity than did adult females or young. Multiday home-range size was similar among age–sex classes, but males had significantly more core areas than females or young. Multiday home-range size was positively correlated with body mass for adult males (r2 = 0.98, P = 0.0122) and negatively correlated with body mass of adult females (r2 = 0.40, P = 0.0374). Differences in these relationships and daily site fidelity between adult males and females suggest that the spatial strategies of male and female Egyptian mongooses are different, with the larger females defending the areas richer in resources and the larger males having more access to females.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document