scholarly journals Effect of wine maturing on the colour and chemical properties of Chardonnay wine

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 223-228
Author(s):  
Martin Bartkovský ◽  
Boris Semjon ◽  
Slavomír Marcinčák ◽  
Peter Turek ◽  
Viera Baričičová
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Total Polyphenols ◽  
Wine Colour ◽  
Oak Chips ◽  
Comparable Effect ◽  
Lower Oxygen ◽  
Oak Barrels ◽  
Wine Ageing ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Untreated chardonnay wine was used as the raw material for this study. The wine samples were divided into three groups and monitored over 32 weeks. Three ways of wine maturation were used: glassware, wooden barrel and the addition of oak chips for 6 weeks, which can significantly increase total polyphenols (P < 0.05) and flavonoids (P < 0.05) concentration. The use of oak shavings had a comparable effect to the oak barrels. The use of oak shavings can replace wood barrels in the maturation process. The oak shavings also achieved lower oxygen concentration (P < 0.05) in wine. Ageing the Chardonnay increased (P < 0.05) the polyphenol concentration and had an impact on the wine colour under the different maturation conditions.

Sugarcane Biochar for Agricultural Use Produced in Different Conditions of Pyrolysis

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Juliany Barbosa de Pinho ◽  
Aloisio Bianchini ◽  
Pedro Silvério Xavier Pereira ◽  
Letycia Cunha Nunes ◽  
Rodrigo Fernandes Daros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Oxidizing Atmosphere ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Agricultural Use ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

From the pyrolysis process, biochar is a carbon rich and recalcitrant organic material with potential for long term carbon sequestration because of its aromatic structure. However, the physical and chemical properties of the biochar vary due to the diversity of raw material and the conditions of production. The present study aimed to evaluate the biochar from the sugarcane bagasse at different temperatures and under two conditions of pyrolysis. The biochar was produced at two final temperatures 200°C (1 hour); 250°C (1h) and 250°C (2h), with pyrolysis of an oxidizing and non-oxidizing atmosphere for both. PH, cation exchange capacity (CTC), carbon content (C), Nitrogen (N), hydrogen (H), H:C, C:N and ash ratios were evaluated. The contents of C, H, N and the atomic ratios H:C and C:N were higher in Biochar produced in a non-oxidizing atmosphere (BNO). However, the content of ash, pH and CTC were higher in Biochar produced in oxidizing atmospheres (BO). One can conclude the direct influence of the pyrolysis condition.

scholarly journals Technological Parameters of the Process of Producing Metallized Iron Concentrates from Poor Raw Material

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 600-603 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Metallurgical Processing ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

In article the possibility of receiving the metallized concentrates from ferriferous ores with the low content of iron, for the purpose of preparation them to metallurgical processing is considered. It is shown that the following factors have significant effect on effectiveness of process of receiving the metallized concentrates: composition of ore, physical and chemical properties of ore, possibility of receiving pellets, type and consumption of reducer, etc.

scholarly journals Study of Microstructural and Corrosion Properties of Aluminium Alloy 7075 after Plasma Nitriding

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Haerul Ahmadi ◽  
Rizky Abdul Aziz ◽  
Suprapto Suprapto ◽  
Tjipto Sujitno ◽  
Sophie Hapsari
Keyword(s):  
Aluminium Alloy ◽  
Plasma Nitriding ◽  
White Layer ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Electrochemical Corrosion ◽  
Corrosion Testing ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Corrosion Properties ◽  
Structural Part ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Plasma nitriding is a treatment process of metals by depositing nitrogen into metal that considered to be nitrided by mean of increasing the mechanical, physical, and chemical properties of the metal. This treatment will form a hard layer compund of Al-N on the surface of the sample. In this study, aluminium alloy 7075 was nitrided which the application of it to structural part of aircraft makes it vulnarable to not only corrosion and wear attack but also decreasing the hardness of the material. One method to overcome these issues is plasma nitriding. The purpose of of this research is to do the characterizations of plasma nitrided aluminium alloy 7075 regarding its microstructure, mechanical, and chemical properties. The characterizations that had been done were microhardness Vickers testing, SEM-EDX, and electrochemical corrosion testing Potensiostat. The hardness of the sample increased 55% from 75,88 VHN (raw material) to 117,68 VHN (at optimum parameter). The depth of the white layer of plasma nitriding is approximately 6 µm, while the EDX result reported carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen presence. Corrosion testing showed that the highest corrosion rate is on the raw material, 0,15393 mpy. While the optimum one is 0,07184 mpy.

scholarly journals Effect of Li, Na and K Modification of Alumina on its Physical and Chemical Properties and Water Adsorption Ability

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 4212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey Reshetnikov ◽  
Irina Kurzina ◽  
Alesia Livanova ◽  
Eugene Meshcheryakov ◽  
Lyubov Isupova
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Water Adsorption ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
High Adsorption ◽  
Initial Sample ◽  
Adsorption Ability ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The effect of alkali metal (Li, Na, K) incorporation on the morphology and water vapor uptake properties of mesoporous Al2O3 has been studied. The modification of the raw material, pseudoboehmite, represented a mixture of low-temperature phases (γ + η + χ)-Al2O3, and has been done at low-temperature that does not change the phase ratio. A decrease in specific surface values and an average pores size increase were observed as a result of the introduction of metal cations by impregnation and subsequent thermal treatment. The influence of the content of the modifying metal on the adsorption ability of the obtained samples in relation to water vapours has been studied. It has been established that alkaline modification Al2O3 with the lithium cations did not result in adsorption ability improvement, whereas samples that were modified with sodium or potassium in the amount of 1.2 weight % and 2.6 weight %, respectively, possess a higher equilibrium capacity (by ~40%), as compared to that of the initial sample (Al2O3), and a sufficiently high adsorption rate.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Proses Refining Minyak Bekas Sebagai Bahan Baku Biodiesel

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Ni Made Suaniti ◽  
I Wayan Bandem Adnyana
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Frying Oil ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Infrared Analysis ◽  
Used Oil ◽  
Wave Numbers ◽  
Homogeneous Particle ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Penampakan minyak bekas hasil penggorengan yang berwarna coklat gelap tidak baik dikonsumsi akibat sifat fisik dan kimia minyak berubah sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan bakar atau biodiesel. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis bahan baku minyak hasil penggorengan setelah direfining dengan asam sulfat dan biodiesel hasil proses transesterifikasi dengan CaO sebagai katalis heterogen. Metode yang digunakan adalah spektroskopi Infra merah dan pengukuran secara mikroskopik. Hasil refining minyak bekas dengan asam sulfat lebih jernih dan analisis secara Infra Merah menunjukkan bahwa terjadi penurunan serapan pada berbagai bilangan gelombang dibandingkan terhadap minyak bekas. Serapan terjadi pada bilangan gelombang 2900 cm-1 diduga adanya ikatan –CH3, -CH2-, -C-H; 1656 cm1 diduga adalah ikatan C=C dan C=O; 1300 cm-1 diduga ikatan–C-H; dan 3600 cm-1 diduga adanya ikatan O-H. Secara mikroskopik menunjukkan hasil dengan ukuran partikel semakin kecil dan lebih homogen. The appearance of dark brown frying oil that is used for frying is not well consumed due to the changing physical and chemical properties of the oil so that it can be used as fuel or biodiesel. The aim of this study was to analyze the raw material of frying oil after being refined with sulfuric acid and biodiesel from the transesterification process with CaO as a heterogeneous catalyst. The method used is infrared spectroscopy and microscopic measurements. The results of refining used oil with sulfuric acid became clear and infrared analysis showed that there was a decrease in absorption at various wave numbers compared to used oil. Absorption occurred at wave numbers 2900 cm-1 was suspected to have –CH3, -CH2-, C-H bonds; 1656 cm-1 was thought to be C=C and C=O bonds; 1300cm-1  was –C-H bond;  and 3600 cm-1 was suspected to be O-H bond. Microscopically shows the results with smaller and more homogeneous particle sizes.

scholarly journals Physical and Chemical Properties of Biodiesel Obtained from Amazon Sailfin Catfish (Pterygoplichthys pardalis) Biomass Oil

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Anguebes-Franseschi ◽  
A. Bassam ◽  
M. Abatal ◽  
O. May Tzuc ◽  
C. Aguilar-Ucán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Ecological Impact ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Amazon sailfin catfish (Pterygoplichthys pardalis) is considered one of the greatest threats to the biodiversity of continental aquatic systems, causing serious economic and environmental problems in the regions. In this work, the production of biodiesel from Amazon sailfin catfish biomass oil is studied. The physical and chemical properties of biofuel produced were evaluated under the specifications of the European standard EN-14214 by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, infrared spectroscopy, and atomic absorption spectrometry analyses. The results show that the biodiesel complies with all the specifications of the standard, except the content of polyunsaturated methyl esters. The yields obtained from oil and biodiesel were 9.67 and 90.71% (m/m), respectively. The methyl ester concentrations study identified 17 components where 47.003% m/m corresponded to methyl esters with saturated chains, whereas 34.394% m/m was attributed to monosaturated methyl esters and the remaining (18.624% m/m) to polysaturated methyl esters. Finally, mineral analysis by atomic absorption showed the absence of heavy metals Cd, Ni, and Pb, as well as low concentrations of Ni, Fe, Cu, and Zn, demonstrating that the quality of the fuel is not compromised. The study indicates the feasibility of manufacturing biodiesel using Amazon sailfin catfish biomass oil as a low-cost raw material. It represents an environmental option to mitigate a global problem of atmospheric pollution, and at the same time, it shows a commercial alternative to reduce the ecological impact caused by this fish in the diverse ecosystems to which it has spread. In addition, the great adaptability of this fish provides the possibility of a profitable process to have very high rates of reproduction and growth, allowing the generation of large amounts of biomass for the production of biodiesel.

scholarly journals A genetic base of utilisation of maize cob as a valuable naturally renewable raw material

Genetika ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Bozovic ◽  
Milica Radosavljevic ◽  
Sladjana Zilic ◽  
Rade Jovanovic
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Great Capacity ◽  
Renewable Raw Material ◽  
Maize Cob ◽  
Metal Processing Industry ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Maize Research Institute ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The original technological method of the maize cob processing has been developed at the Maize Research Institute, Zemun Polje, by which lignocellulose granules of different particle sizes are produced from the cob. Different chemical composition and physical and chemical properties of these fractions, and especially a great capacity of binding liquids particularly oil and water determine, their usage as degreasing and drying means. Due to their great hardness and abrasive capacity, products made from ground cobs are usable for polishing in the metal processing industry, while the composition of certain compounds (pento-san) are of a particular importance in the chemical industry for the pro duction of furfural and its derivates. As these products are inert, of neutral pH and free of heavy metals they are used as organic carriers in the pro duction of pesticides and agro-chemicals, as well as, in cosmetics and the pharmaceutical industry.

scholarly journals The Characteristics of Buffalo Hide as Raw Material for Gelatin Production

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Mulyani ◽  
F.M.C. Sigit Setya Budi ◽  
Yudi Pranoto ◽  
Umar Santoso
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Gel Strength ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Hydroxyproline Content ◽  
Collagen Density ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Better Than ◽  
And Chemical Properties

This study was aimed to observe the physical and chemical properties of buffalo hide as raw material for gelatin production by pretreatment using alkali-acid. Buffalo hide was observed on three sections, i.e. back (butt/croupon), abdomen (belly) and shoulder. The physical properties of the hide were analysed through the measurement of hide thickness, whereas the chemical properties were analysed by determining the proximate and amino acid composition. The qualities of gelatin (gel strength, viscosity and pH) were compared to standard commercial gelatin and Gelatin Manufactures Institute of America (GMIA). Gelatin extraction was done using a combination pretreatment alkali (0.5M NaOH) and acid (0,9M HCl). The results showed that butt section had collagen density was best compared to shoulder and belly. The thickness of butt (10.219 ± 0.318 mm) smaller than the shoulder (11.365 ± 0.389 mm), but thicker than the belly. The protein and hydroxyproline content on the butt was the highest, resulting the value 27.517 ± 0.049% and 97.330 ± 0.331 ppm, respectively. Extraction using 0.9 M hydrochloric acid produced yield 29.17 ± 2.12%. The gel strength 242.35 ± 12.90 g Bloom, viscosity 16.37 ± 1.5 cp and pH 5.15 ± 0.05. The gelatin quality meets the standards of quality of GMIA (2012) even better than commercial gelatin.

scholarly journals OPTIMISATION OF A RESIN-COATED CHROMITE SAND FOR RAPID SAND CASTING APPLICATIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 290-298
Author(s):  
Neo Tshabalala ◽  
Kasongo Nyembwe ◽  
Malan Van Tonder
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Sand Casting ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Dimensional Printing ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Applications of three-dimensional printing (3DP) to sand casting have been well-established in the last two decades. The preferred raw material is silica (quartz) sand, as it is the most readily available and cost effective sand. However, silica sand as a refractory material has some technical limitations, including high thermal linear expansion, low refractoriness, and thermal conductivity. Therefore, it is not suitable for all castings. Other refractory sand types are available, including chromite sand, which is abundantly available in South Africa. Analysis of the physical and chemical properties of in-laboratory coating of a locally available chromite sand was conducted through known metal foundry tests that provide an understanding of the quality and suitability of the use of chromite sand as a potential substitute for silica material for rapid sand-casting applications. The results of this study will inform the industry about the optimisation of parameters for the manufacturing of a resin-coated chromite sand and its use in additive manufacturing using a Voxeljet VX 1000 printer.

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