Rancang Bangun Prototipe PLTPh Sebagai Listrik Penerangan Kapasitas 9 Watt

This study aims to realize the manufacturing of a prototype design of a pico-hydro power plant, which is expected to be a science of study and a reference for students at the University of Singaperbangsa Karawang in particular and Indonesian students in general, as well as monitoring the performance test of the prototype of pico-hydro power plant that is used as an electricity needs for lighting. The design and manufacture of this prototype require several supporting components: a). Pressure gauge; b). Pelton type turbines; c). Tacho Meter; d). Single-phase Ac generator; e). Avometer; f). Energy saving LED lamp. Pico-hydro power plant prototype testing is carried out by measuring the voltage generated by the generator, tested at no load and given a load using variations of 55%, 70%, 85%, 100% valve openings. Based on the results of the performance test, the pico-hydro power plant can work well. That matter can be seen from the largest flow valve opening which results in a high water flow rate, so that it can rotate the turbine quickly. The flow rate greatly affects the generator rotation. No-load test results, the largest voltage of 90 volts is obtained when using 100% valve opening, with the output producing an air flow of 0.0017 m3 / s, rotation (N1) 136 rpm, rotation (N2) 979 rpm. The results with the load, the largest voltage of 60 volts is obtained when using 100% valve openings, with the output producing rotation (N1) 133 rpm, rotation (N2) 957 rpm, and current 0.13 A when supplying the 4 LED lamps type of 3 watts with litting up brightly.

Peningkatan Efisiensi Distilasi Air Energi Surya Menggunakan Pengapung

The joint for two different materials (AA5052 and AA6061) can be done by the Dissimilar Friction Stir Welding (DFSW) process. Therefore, this study was conducted to analyze the mechanical properties of dissimilar welding joints. In this study the DFSW process uses a tool with a shoulder Ø 17.8 mm and a cylindrical pin Ø 5 mm. FSW blocking is done on conventional milling machines with 1300 rpm, 1950 rpm and 2850 rpm tool rotation variations, while the welding speed variations are 43 mm / min, 130 mm / min and 240 mm / min. The results of mechanical properties testing showed the highest hardness value obtained was 55.3 HBN at 1300 rpm with 240 mm / min feeding, the highest tensile strength occurred for 1300 rpm and 240 mm / min feeding at 123.51 MPa. The fracture of the tensile test results generally occurs in the HAZ area and the AA5052 base metal Nugget. Investigation results show that the DFSW connection of aluminum alloy material AA 6061 and AA 5052 adapt is well connected, but in terms of general strength the tensile strength of the joint (HAZ and Nugget) is smaller than the tensile strength of the base metal. This DFSW connection adaptation is applied to connections that do not accept load or tensile strength due to the load received by the connection not to exceed the maximum tensile strength of base metal AA 5052

Perancangan Umbrella Energy Sebagai Charger Handphone Pada Cafe

Batteries and solar panels are 2 device capable of converting sunlight into unidirectional electrical energy. The power of the energy stored from the battery can be converted into AC or DC current. A canopy umbrella covered with solar panel elements can be used as a mobile phone charger center as well as a place to relax. Umbrella which are a source of DC electrical energy are desaigned to follow existing products in the market with additional modifications in the form of new renewable energy (EBT) or by another nama environmentally friendly energy. This tool is named as umbrella energy, with the use of solar panels used at 90 Wp (Wattpeak), it can produce an average output power of 28.49 W hour. The system will generate maximum power for charging to the battery in 1 day of 227.99.

Water-Cooled Chiller Terintegrasi Heat Recovery System pada Industri Perhotelan di Bali

Performance testing of water-cooled chiller integrated with a heat recovery system has been carried out at a hotel in Bali. After commissioning, testing is carried out for 2 days to determine the readiness of the components in operation. The coefficient of performance which is the reference in this study is used to determine the performance of the system with a capacity of 275 tons of refrigeration which is divided into the coefficient of performance of the refrigeration system and the coefficient of performance of the total integrated system. Data was collected with 8 hour intervals starting at 06.00, 14.00, and 22.00 Wita every day. This condition is based on the prediction of the cycle of changes in energy use in the hotel, which includes breakfast, hotel check-in and bedtime. From the research results, it was found that with the condition and situation of the hotel were not measured properly and the occupancy rate of the hotel which was not yet maximal resulted in a greater refrigeration capacity on the second day, but this was also followed by a large demand for compressor power. Although in the end the coefficient of performance was slightly larger than day 1. It was also found that the greatest need for heat transfer rate is required at 22.00 Wita during the 2-day test. This is possibly due to the need for hot water for hotel guests to shower at night. In general, an increase in the coefficient of performance is still possible if there is an increase in hotel occupancy rates.

Simulasi CFD Pengaruh Konsentrasi Nanofluida Al2O3/Air Terhadap Performa Perpindahan Panas Pipa Radiator

The performance of heat transfer on a car radiator can be improved by using nanofluids as working fluids. In this study analyzes the of heat transfer performance of Al2O3/water nanofluids that pass through cylindrical pipes in 3D using the CFD simulation method for single phase approach. This research studied the effect of nanofluid concentration 0.1, 0.5, 1 and 1.5% on the heat transfer coefficient. The Reynolds number is varied between 9000 to 23000 and the ambient temperature is constant. The results showed that 1.5% Al2O3/water nanofluid increasing heat transfer coefficient up to 5.7% compared to base fluid.

Investigasi sifat mekanis sambungan Dissimilar Friction Stir welding (DFSW) Aluminium Alloys (AA5052 to AA6061)

The joint for two different materials (AA5052 and AA6061) can be done by the Dissimilar Friction Stir Welding (DFSW) process. Therefore, this study was conducted to analyze the mechanical properties of dissimilar welding joints. In this study the DFSW process uses a tool with a shoulder Ø 17.8 mm and a cylindrical pin Ø 5 mm. FSW blocking is done on conventional milling machines with 1300 rpm, 1950 rpm and 2850 rpm tool rotation variations, while the welding speed variations are 43 mm / min, 130 mm / min and 240 mm / min. The results of mechanical properties testing showed the highest hardness value obtained was 55.3 HBN at 1300 rpm with 240 mm / min feeding, the highest tensile strength occurred for 1300 rpm and 240 mm / min feeding at 123.51 MPa. The fracture of the tensile test results generally occurs in the HAZ area and the AA5052 base metal Nugget. Investigation results show that the DFSW connection of aluminum alloy material AA 6061 and AA 5052 adapt is well connected, but in terms of general strength the tensile strength of the joint (HAZ and Nugget) is smaller than the tensile strength of the base metal. This DFSW connection adaptation is applied to connections that do not accept load or tensile strength due to the load received by the connection not to exceed the maximum tensile strength of base metal AA 5052

Pendekatan Malcolm Baldrige Criteria For Performance Excellent (Education Criteria) dalam Perancangan Sistem Pengukuran Kinerja Fakultas Teknik Univeritas Udayana menuju Sertifikasi AUN-QA

The Faculty of Engineering, Udayana University is one of the faculties in Udayana University. The Faculty of Engineering has 5 departments that have a lot of interest. Currently, the Faculty of Engineering is preparing to support Udayana University in obtaining the Asean University Network - Quality Assurance (AUN-QA) certification which is targeted for a visitation in 2021. One of the supporters in obtaining this certification is that the Faculty of Engineering must have a performance measurement system. In this research using an integrated performance measurement system that designed through the Malcolm Baldrige Criteria For Performance Excellent (Education Criteria) approach which is integrated with several methods, namely IPMS in determining the Key Performance Indicator (KPI) which becomes a determining indicator of later performance. assisted by using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method in giving the weight of each KPI. After the KPI has a weight, then a comprehensive scoring is carried out using the Objectives Matrix (OMAX) method so that an index number per period is generated which is the reference for the level of performance of the department, as well as a Traffic Light System (TLS) to find out which KPIs require improvement based on color. With the creation of an integrated performance measurement system, it is hoped that the Faculty of Engineering can make continuous improvements. The results showed that the Performance Indicator from the Faculty of Engineering in this period was 427.19 with 24 KPIs being measured. The Performance Indicator shows that the overall performance of the Faculty of Engineering is above average (300). Only 2 categories are in the red zone of 21%, namely Student Criteria (KPI 1 and KPI 4) and Management Criteria (KPI 18, KPI 19, and KPI 20). In the following year, the Faculty of Engineering must focus on the five KPIs so that later they can improve performance.

Uji Performa Kompor Surya Tipe Parabola Silinder Menggunakan Reflektor Cermin dengan Variasi Bahan Absorber

Kompor surya tipe parabola silinder berbentuk setengah tabung dengan ukuran diameter 43 cm x 63 cm, memiliki variasi bahan absorber yaitu alumunium, tembaga dan kuningan dengan ukuran diameter 41 cm x 61 cm dan ketebalan 0,02 mm. Pemilihan bahan yang digunakan terdapat pada nilai konduktivitas bahan. Uji performa dilakukan selama 6 hari mulai pukul 10:00- 14:00 atau selama 240 menit, meliputi pengukuran radiasi matahari, suhu air, suhu absorber dan suhu lingkungan. Pengujian dilakukan di Gedung Teknik Politeknik Negeri Jember. Data hasil pengukuran digunakan untuk menghitung daya masak, daya masak standart dan efisiensi kompor surya. Suhu tertinggi air pemasakan terdapat pada kompor surya bahan absorber kuningan pada pengujian ke-5 sebesar 80,25 oC pukul 12:20, daya masak tertinggi pada pengujian hari ke-4 kompor surya bahan absorber aluminium yaitu sebesar 18,46 W, efisiensi kompor tertinggi terdapat pada kompor bahan alumunium pada pengujian pertama sebesar 25,57% pukul 13:10 WIB. Nilai efisiensi yang dihasilkan dipengaruhi radiasi matahari, beda suhu awal dan akhir serta lama waktu dalam proses pemasakan. Cylindrical parabolic solar cooker has a half-tube shaped with a diameter of 43 cm x 63 cm, has a variety of absorber materials, that is aluminum, copper and brass with a diameter of 41 cm x 61 cm and a thickness of 0.02 mm. The choice of material used for the conductivity value of the material. Performance tests are carried out for 6 days starting at 10:00 - 14:00 or for 240 minutes, including measurements of solar radiation, water temperature, absorber temperature and ambient temperature. The test was conducted at the Engineering Building in Politeknik Negeri Jember. Measurement data is used to calculate cooking power, standard cooking power and solar cooker efficiency. The highest temperature of cooking water is on the brass stove with absorber brass material at the fifth test of 80.25 oC at 12:20, the highest cooking power on the 4th day of the aluminum solar cooker absorber material that is equal to 18.46 W, the highest cooker efficiency found on the aluminum material cooker in the first test of 25.57% at 13:10 WIB. The resulting efficiency is influenced by solar radiation, the difference between the initial and final temperatures and the length of time in the cooking process.

Kajian Efisiensi Energi di Industri Pulp dan Kertas

Pertumbuhan industri pulp dan kertas diproyeksi akan mengalami perkembangan yang signifikan. Menurut asosiasi industri, pertumbuhan itu antara lain karena terdorong oleh peningkatan permintaan dan produksi seiring dengan beroperasinya beberapa pabrik baru. Industri pulp dan kertas memberikan sumbangan yang cukup besar terhadap PDB (Produk Domestik Bruto) mencapai 101,76 triliun rupiah (harga berlaku). Sumber energi utama industri ini meliputi energi panas dalam bentuk steam dan energi listrik. Dari keseluruhan proses, penggunaan energi panas mencapai 70-80% dari total energi yang dikonsumsi, dimana sebagian besar energi digunakan di proses pulping dan pengeringan. Steam dapat dibangkitkan dari black liquor dan bahan bakar lainnya seperti batubara, minyak, gas dan biomassa. Kebutuhan energi industri pulp dan kertas akan meningkat rata-rata 2,49% per tahun dari 108,5 juta SBM pada tahun 2018 menjadi 135,4 juta SBM pada tahun 2027, sehingga termasuk industri dengan konsumsi energi yang cukup besar. Sehingga perlu adanya inovasi penggunaan teknologi dengan efisiensi tinggi sehingga mengurangi penggunaan energi. Sampai saat ini lindi hitam (black liquor) dari pabrik pulp dan kertas di Indonesia pada umumnya belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal sebagai bahan bakar boiler. Upaya pemanfaatan black liquor dan penerapan teknologi yang efisien di industri pulp dan kertas mampu membantu mengurangi ketergantungan pada bahan bakar fosil serta mengurangi emisi dari bahan bakar fosil. Dengan skenario efisiensi energi, kebutuhan energi industri pulp dan kertas akan menurun sebesar 12,5% pada tahun 2027. Potensi penghematan energi industri pulp dan kertas mulai tahun 2023 sebanyak 8,4 juta SBM dan menjadi 16,9 juta SBM pada tahun 2027. Besar peluang penghematan dan reduksi emisi bervariasi dan bergantung pada berbagai faktor, antara lain tingkat efisiensi proses dan teknologi yang telah diimplementasikan di industri tersebut.

Pengaruh katalis zeolit alam pada pirolisis plastik polyethylene terephthalate dan polypropylene

Penggunaan plastik akan semakin meningkat seiring dengan bertambahnya jumlah populasi penduduk dan meningkatnya perkembangan teknologi. Meningkatnya sampah plastik menjadi masalah besar bagi kehidupan dan ekosistem, Karena plastik sulit terurai di dalam tanah dan membutuhkan waktu yang lama untuk dapat terurai. Dengan adanya permasalahan tentang banyaknya sampah plastik yang sulit di uraikan maka dapat dilakukan dengan metode pirolisis, metode pirolisis adalah proses pemanasan sampah plastik dengan menggunakan sedikit oksigen atau tanpa oksigen di dalamnya. Untuk memperbaiki minyak hasil pirolisis maka ditambahkan katalis sebagai katalisator sehingga memperoleh hasil minyak pirolisis lebih baik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan minyak PET (polyethylene terephthalate) dan PP (polypropylene), untuk membandingkan hasil pirolisis dari penggunaan katalis dan tidak menggunakan katalis terhadap viskositas minyak yang dihasilkan, serta pengaruh waktu pemanasan terhadap hasil volume minyak pirolisis. Dari penelitian yang dilakukan didapatkan hasil minyak terbanyak dengan bahan plastik PP dengan katalis 33 ml atau 8,46 %, PET katalis 23 ml atau 8,943 % dan minyak PP tanpa katalis 76 ml atau 19,26 %, PET tanpa katalis 65 ml atau 17,23%. The use of plastic will increase along with the increasing population and increasing technological development. Increased plastic waste is a big problem for life and ecosystems, because plastic is difficult to decompose in the soil and requires a long time to be decomposed. With the problem of the amount of plastic waste that is difficult to describe, it can be done with the pyrolysis method, the pyrolysis method is the process of heating plastic waste using little or no oxygen in it. To improve the pyrolysis oil, the catalyst is added as a catalyst to obtain better pyrolysis oil results. The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PP (polypropylene) oils, to compare the results of pyrolysis from the use of catalysts and not use catalysts to the viscosity of the oil produced, as well as the effect of heating time on the results of the pyrolysis oil volume. The results of the research showed that most PP plastic catalyst oils were 33 ml or 8.46%, catalyst PET 23 ml or 8.943% and PP oil without catalyst 76 ml or 19.26%, PET without catalyst 65 ml or 17.23%.