scholarly journals Effectiveness of some botanical insecticides against Spodoptera littoralis Boisduvala (Lepidoptera: Noctudiae), Myzus persicae Sulzer (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae)

2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 161-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Pavela
Keyword(s):  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Spodoptera Littoralis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Botanical Insecticides ◽  
Biological Efficiency ◽  
Neem Oil ◽  
Pongamia Glabra

Biological efficiency of botanical insecticides was determined that were obtained from <i>Pongamia glabra</i>, <i>Azadirachta indica</i> and <i>Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium</i> against <i>Spodoptera littoralis</i>, <i>Myzus persicae</i> and <i>Tetranychus urticae</i> on greenhouse plants. In all the tested extracts, the highest concentration caused 100% mortality. In the other tested concentrations, a conclusive difference in efficiency was found; on day 12 after application, the highest efficiency was determined for <i>M. persicae</i> pongam oil, for <i>T. urticae</i> and <i>S. littoralis</i> neem oil.

scholarly journals Organic fertilization and botanical insecticides to control two-spotted spider mite in strawberry

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (11) ◽  
pp. 1908-1914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Regina Marques-Francovig ◽  
Adriana Yatie Mikami ◽  
Viviane Dutra ◽  
Mateus Gimenez Carvalho ◽  
Bruno Picareli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Spider Mite ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Botanical Insecticides ◽  
Neem Oil ◽  
Organic Fertilization ◽  
Two Spotted Spider Mite ◽  
Tetranychus Urticae Koch

Strawberry fields receive several pesticides spraying and residues in fruits are recurrent. Development and application of methods that avoid applying pesticides mostly during fructification period are imminent needs. Comparison of population of two-sppoted spider mite (TSSM) Tetranychus urticae Koch. in organic and mineral fertilized plants (as used by growers) and treated with alternative products were done. Plants were grown in vessels in a greenhouse infested with local population of TSSM. Extracts of Tephrosia voggeli (Hook), neem oil (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.), and lime sulfur were applied three times against TSSM in ten days intervals. Assessments were done three times after each spraying. Interaction between fertilization and spraying alternatives was also assessed but was not significant. TSSM population was about 44% lesser in organic fertilized plants than those in inorganic fertilized. T. voggeli extracts reduced in large amounts TSSM; neem oil reduced in some assessments and an intermediate reduction was found for sulfur lime. Organic fertilization and T. voggeli extracts are potential strategies to manage TSSM and additional studies are proposed to enable wide utilization

scholarly journals Effect of Azadirachta indica (Sapindales: Meliaceae) Oil on the Immune System of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Immatures

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jucelio P Duarte ◽  
Luiza R Redaelli ◽  
Carlos Eugênio Silva ◽  
Simone M Jahnke
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Botanical Insecticides ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Neem Oil ◽  
Knowing That ◽  
Latex Beads ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Abstract The insect immune system includes several mechanisms responsible for defending against pathogens, parasites, and parasitoids. Some botanical insecticides, such as Azadirachta indica oil, cause changes in the immune system of various insect species. Spodoptera frugiperda is an important agricultural pest; thus, knowledge about the effect of neem oil on the immune system of this species can assist in its management. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of A. indica oil on the immune system of S. frugiperda. Caterpillars (2–3 mg) were placed individually in containers (50 ml) with approximately 10 g of diet, containing 125, 250, and 500 ppm of neem oil with propanone; the control group received only the propanone diet. In four experiments, the total number of hemocytes, the phagocytic activity, the activity of lysozyme-like enzymes, and phenoloxidase activity were measured in caterpillars at the end of the sixth instar. The total number of hemocytes in insects exposed to neem oil was 21% lower than in the control group. The percentage of cells that phagocyted the latex beads was similar among the caterpillars that ingested the different concentrations. The mean diameter of cell lysis halos was reduced only at concentrations of 125 and 250 ppm. Absorbance did not differ between treatments. Knowing that this oil reduces the number of circulation cells and the activity of lysozyme-like enzymes is of great importance to design control strategies, once the neem oil could be added to other biological agents for mortality reducing the chances of this insect surviving in the environment.

Control of Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.), Myzus persicae (Sulz.) and Tetranychus urticae (Koch) by cold storage and fumigation

1971 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. F. Powell ◽  
K. G. Gostick
Keyword(s):  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Spodoptera Littoralis ◽  
Spider Mite ◽  
Cotton Leaf ◽  
Potato Aphid ◽  
Red Spider Mite ◽  
Tetranychus Urticae Koch ◽  
Egyptian Cotton ◽  
Peach Potato Aphid

In laboratory experiments, all stages of the Egyptian cotton-leaf worm (Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.)) were killed by exposure at 1–2%C for ten days, but the peach-potato aphid (Myzus persicae (Sulz.)) and the red spider mite (Tetranychus urticae (Koch)) were not controlled by this treatment. When exposed to methyl bromide, all the S. littoralis eggs tested were killed by a concentration × time product (CTP) of 44 mg h/litre at 18%C, but control of all stages of M. persicae and T. urticae required a CTP of at least 88 mg h/litre.

scholarly journals Bioactivity of aqueous extracts of Clibadium sylvestre (Aubl.) Baill. and Derris amazonica Killip on the aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 1059-1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Cramer Filgueiras ◽  
Paulo Roberto Silva Farias ◽  
Maria das Graças Cardoso ◽  
José Djair Vendramim ◽  
Edson Marcos Leal Soares Ramos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
The Other ◽  
Deterrent Effect ◽  
Botanical Insecticides ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Root Extracts ◽  
Choice Preference

Studies with botanical insecticides have become more popular as an alternative to Integrated Pest Management. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of leaf and fruit aqueous extracts, from the species Clibadium sylvestre, and leaves and root of Derris amazonica species at concentrations of 0, 1, 2, 4 and 8%, in the control of the aphid Myzus persicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Four experiments were conducted; two tests with choice preference and two tests with no choice preference, giving nine treatments and five repetitions. Phytochemical screening was carried out from the leaves and fruit of the species C. sylvestre and leaves and root of D. amazonica. Evaluations of mortality, number of nymphs, and deterrence index of the insects were conducted 24, 48 and 72 h after the application of the extracts. The aqueous extracts tested from C. sylvestre fruit concentrations had the highest mortality compared to the control; in the analysis of the number of the nymphs, the aqueous extract from fruit at 8% concentration had a higher efficiency than the other treatments. The D. amazonica leaves extract at 1% concentration showed the highest mortality and the lowest number of nymphs. The D. amazonica root extracts increased mortality at all concentrations tested, and the 8% concentration had the fewest nymphs. All treatments showed a deterrent effect. The 72 h period showed the greatest effect of the extracts, on two species of insects.

Effectiveness of Neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) Oil against Decay Fungi

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanchan Rawat ◽  
◽  
Uttam Kumar Sahoo ◽  
Nagaraj Hegde ◽  
Awadhesh Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Schizophyllum Commune ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Fusarium Proliferatum ◽  
Wood Preservatives ◽  
Neem Oil ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Decay Fungi ◽  
Natural Oils ◽  
Mycelia Growth

The enormous use of metallic wood preservatives has caused destructive impact on environment as well as human health. Therefore realizing the urgency of switching to Environment friendly options such as natural oils are being tested for their antimicrobial properties. The present study aimed at investigating potential of Neem oil against the growth ofdecaying fungi. The ability of Neem oil to inhibit mycelia growth of Schizophyllum commune, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium proliferatum, Coniophora puteana and Alternaria alternata was tested at different concentrations of 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 6.0, 8.0 and 10%. Results of the study revealed Neem oil concentrations above 2% were significantly inhibitory to all the tested fungi.

scholarly journals Effect of Biofertilizers and Neem Oil on the Entomopathogenic Fungi Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edson Hirose ◽  
Pedro M. O. J. Neves ◽  
João A. C. Zequi ◽  
Luís H. Martins ◽  
Cristiane H. Peralta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Organic Agriculture ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Neem Oil ◽  
Colony Diameter ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Fungitoxic Effect

The in vitro fungitoxic effect of three biofertilizers, E.M.-4, Multibion <FONT FACE=Symbol>Ô</FONT> and Supermagro used in organic agriculture and the neem oil (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) on the entomopathogenic fungi Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana was studied. These products were mixed in a medium where the two fungi were inoculated, and germination, vegetative growth and conidiogenesis were assessed. The biofertilizers Supermagro and E.M.- 4 showed to be less toxic for the two fungi whereas Multibion<FONT FACE=Symbol>Ô</FONT> caused major inhibition on M. anisopliae, with reductions in germination (-37.74%), colony diameter (-30.26%) and conidiogenesis (-42.62%). Neem oil promoted a larger negative effect on B. bassiana, inhibiting germination (-45.27%), colony diameter (-36.62%) and conidiogenesis (-84.93%).

scholarly journals Bioactivity of Neem oil in leafhopper nymphs Empoasca kraemeri (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 32-40
Author(s):  
Maria Jéssica dos Santos CABRAL ◽  
Rodrigo Almeida PINHEIRO
Keyword(s):  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Neem Oil ◽  
Ipomea Batatas ◽  
Empoasca Kraemeri

A cigarrinha-verde Empoasca kraemeri (Ross e Moore, 1957) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), tem sido relatada como uma das principais pragas que atacam I. batatas. O Neem Azadirachta indica é uma alternativa viável no controle de insetos pragas, pois é um produto natural, não polui o meio ambiente e não causa resistência. Portanto, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a bioatividade do óleo de Neem sobre ninfas de E. kraemeri. Para constatação do efeito folhas de Ipomea batatas foram pulverizados nas concentrações 6,0; 3,0; 1,5; 0,75 e 0,25 ul l-1. Foram fornecidas a ninfas e as testemunhas foram pulverizadas com água destilada. O experimento foi mantido, em laboratório, a 25 ± 2°C; UR de 50 ± 10% e fotofase de 12 h. O período de incubação, para todos os tratamentos inclusive as testemunhas, foi de três dias. As concentrações 1,5, 3,0 e 6,0 ul foram as que atingiram mortalidade de 92%, 100% e 100% nas ninfas de E. kraemeri, demonstrando o potencial da Azadirachta indica para controle da cigarrinha. Portanto, conclui-se que, o óleo de Neem ocasionou significativa mortalidade sobre as ninfas de Cigarrinha E. kraemeri .

scholarly journals In-Vivo Effectiveness of 5% Azadirachta indica Oil Cream as Anti-Scabies

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Patihul Husni ◽  
Mayang K. Dewi ◽  
Norisca A. Putriana ◽  
Rini Hendriani
Keyword(s):  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Recovery Time ◽  
Sarcoptes Scabiei ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Neem Oil ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Irritation Test ◽  
Primary Irritation

Scabies is an infectious skin disease caused by mite Sarcoptes scabiei. Neem tree (Azadirachta indica) has the potential to be used as an anti-parasite due to the presence of azadirachtin compound that is commonly found in the seeds. The aim of this study was to evaluate in-vivo effectiveness of neem oil as an anti-scabies. This study used an experimental method.  The effectiveness of the cream as an anti-scabies was tested on New Zealand white rabbits which were infected with scabies. Permethrin cream was used as a positive control and cream base was used as a negative control.  Cream was applied once daily and left for 8 hours. The data were analyzed using Kruskal Wallis and Mann Whitney. Dermal acute irritation test was performed by applying  0.5 g cream on the rabbit dorsal. We found that 5% neem oil cream was effective as an anti-scabies with 20-21 days recovery time. The recovery time is longer than permethrin cream (7-8 days), but shorter compared to negative control with recovery time over 30 days. Primary irritation index for 5% neem oil creams was 0, indicating negligible irritation category. In conclusion, A. indica cream was effective for the treatment of scabies although its recovery time is shorter than permethrin cream.  Keywords: effectiveness test, irritation test, neem oil cream, scabies

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