scholarly journals Impact of land-use change on proteolytic activity of mountain meadows

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 122-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Vranová ◽  
P. Formánek ◽  
K. Rejšek ◽  
M. Pavelka
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Protease Activity ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Field Soil ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Ph Conditions ◽  
Mountain Meadows

Casein-protease activity assessed at 50°C and with adjustment of optimum pH conditions (PA), and casein-protease activity near soil pH and at field soil temperature (LPA) were studied one vegetation period in mountain meadow soils covered with moderately mown vegetation, and over which vegetation had been abandoned for thirteen years. PA peaked in the first part of the vegetation season whereas LPA increased throughout the season; in addition, LPA was not linearly related to temperature (r = 0.127 resp. 0.312; P > 0.05). The combined effect of field soil temperature and pH decreased a casein-protease activity by > 98.4%. A management of meadows had no significant (P > 0.05) effect on PA and LPA.

scholarly journals Impact of Arable Land to Grassland Conversion on the Vegetation-period Water Balance of a Small Agricultural Catchment (Němčický Stream)

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 128-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Kovář ◽  
D. Vaššová
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Water Balance Components ◽  
Total Runoff ◽  
Grassland Conversion ◽  
Pronounced Reduction

This paper presents results of decadal (10-day) water balance simulations for the vegetation periods (April to October) of 2001 (normal year), 2002 (wet year) and 2003 (dry year) in the Němčick&yacute; Stream experimental catchment (3.52 km<sup>2</sup>). The catchment is a typical agricultural area with a large extent of arable land. This paper shows that the model used (WBCM) is capable of reliably simulating decadal water balance components for the actual land use. The same model is then used to estimate water balance changes brought about when 10% of arable land has been transformed into permanent grassland. It is shown that this land use change results in a pronounced reduction of surface runoff and an increase in subsurface storage over the vegetation periods of all three years. The vegetation period groundwater runoff was only enhanced in the wet year, while the total runoff was reduced in all three years.&nbsp;

scholarly journals Seasonal Soil Respiration Dynamics and Carbon-Stock Variations in Mountain Permanent Grasslands Compared to Arable Lands

Agriculture ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Francioni ◽  
Paride D’Ottavio ◽  
Roberto Lai ◽  
Laura Trozzo ◽  
Katarina Budimir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Permanent Grassland ◽  
Heterotrophic Soil Respiration ◽  
C Stock ◽  
Soil C Stock

Permanent grasslands provide a wide array of ecosystem services. Despite this, few studies have investigated grassland carbon (C) dynamics, and especially those related to the effects of land-use changes. This study aimed to determine whether the land-use change from permanent grassland to arable lands resulted in variations in the soil C stock, and whether such variations were due to increased soil respiration or to management practices. To address this, seasonal variations of soil respiration, sensitivity of soil respiration to soil temperature (Q10), and soil C stock variations generated by land-use changes were analyzed in a temperate mountain area of central Italy. The comparisons were performed for a permanent grassland and two adjacent fields, one cultivated with lentil and the other with emmer, during the 2015 crop year. Soil respiration and its heterotrophic component showed different spatial and temporal dynamics. Annual cumulative soil respiration rates were 6.05, 5.05 and 3.99 t C ha−1 year−1 for grassland, lentil and emmer, respectively. Both soil respiration and heterotrophic soil respiration were positively correlated with soil temperature at 10 cm depth. Derived Q10 values were from 2.23 to 6.05 for soil respiration, and from 1.82 to 4.06 for heterotrophic respiration. Soil C stock at over 0.2 m in depth was 93.56, 48.74 and 46.80 t C ha−1 for grassland, lentil and emmer, respectively. The land-use changes from permanent grassland to arable land lead to depletion in terms of the soil C stock due to water soil erosion. A more general evaluation appears necessary to determine the multiple effects of this land-use change at the landscape scale.

scholarly journals Design and Construction of Crop Suitability Prediction System Using Fuzzy Logic Classifier Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-148
Author(s):  
Meli Gustina ◽  
◽  
Irma Salamah ◽  
Lindawati Lindawati ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Software Design ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Prediction System ◽  
Crop Suitability ◽  
Input Variables ◽  
Two Stages

The potential of land in Indonesia which is quite large and has not been used optimally is one of the problems. this study focused on developing fuzzy logic models to predict plants that are suitable for planting on agricultural land to enable the land use more optimal. In conducting this study, there were two stages of implementation, namely hardware design, and software design which included system workflow design using the Fuzzy Logic Classifier method where three input variables were used, namely soil pH, soil temperature, and humidity. The findings of this study are in the form of predictions consisting of eight outputs, namely Unfavorable Land, Spinach, Cayenne Pepper, Beans, Long Beans, Cucumber, Eggplant, and Tomatoo. The prediction results generated were directly displayed on the LCD of the instrument that has been designed.

scholarly journals Effects of Bamboo (Phyllostachys praecox) Cultivation on Soil Nitrogen Fractions and Mineralization

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1109
Author(s):  
Zhuangzhuang Qian ◽  
Xiao Sun ◽  
Jianshuang Gao ◽  
Shunyao Zhuang
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Organic Material ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Organic N ◽  
N Availability ◽  
Total N ◽  
Phyllostachys Praecox ◽  
N Fractions

The mineralization of soil organic nitrogen (N) is the key process in the cycling of N in terrestrial ecosystems. Land-use change to bamboo (Phyllostachys praecox) cultivation that later entails organic material mulching combined with chemical fertilizer application will inevitably influence soil N mineralization (Nmin) and availability dynamics. However, the soil Nmin rates associated with various N fractions of P. praecox in response to land-use change and mulching are not well understood. The present study aimed to understand the effects of land-use change to P. praecox bamboo cultivation and organic material mulching on soil Nmin and availability. Soil properties and organic N fractions were measured in a P. praecox field planted on former paddy fields, a mulched P. praecox field, and a rice (Oryza sativa L.) field. Soil Nmin was determined using a batch incubation method, with mathematical models used to predict soil Nmin kinetics and potential. The conversion from a paddy field to P. praecox plantation decreased the soil pH, soil total N, and soil organic matter (SOM) content significantly (p < 0.05); the mulching method induced further soil acidification. The mulching treatment significantly augmented the SOM content by 7.08% compared with the no-mulching treatment (p < 0.05), but it decreased soil hydrolyzable N and increased the nonhydrolyzable N (NHN) content. Both the Nmin rate and cumulative mineralized N were lowest in the mulched bamboo field. The kinetics of Nmin was best described by the ‘two-pool model’ and ‘special model’. The Pearson’s correlation analysis and the Mantel test suggested soil pH was the dominant factor controlling the soil cumulative mineralized N and mineralization potential in the bamboo fields. These findings could help us better understand the N cycling and N availability under mulching conditions for shifts in land use, and provide a scientific basis for the sustainable management of bamboo plantations.

Reconciling the multiple impacts of land use change on soil carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and sulphur cycles

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Carlos Colocho Hurtarte ◽  
Liming Wang ◽  
Jörg Prietzel
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Molecular Composition ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Edge Structure ◽  
Molecular Changes ◽  
Alpine Pasture ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
The Impact

&lt;p&gt;Predicted changes in land use in mountain ecosystems due to agricultural and climatic pressure have the potential to change the abiotic controls of soil organic matter storage (i.e. temperature, and humidity). Yet an integrated assessment of the impact of land use change on site abiotic varibles (temperature, humidity) and its relation to the molecular composition of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), sulphur (S) and phosphorus (P) is lacking. In this study, we used a natural land use gradient (forest [F], degraded forest [DF] and alpine pasture [AP]) within the Karwendel mountain range as a model system to &amp;#160;analyse the C, N,S and P dynamics. At these sites, we measured climatic variables (air temperature and humidity and soil temperature at three depths) through a whole year and determined significant changes in soil temperature after conversion to alpine pasture. Soils were sampled at the organic and mineral horizons of each site and thereafter analysed for its C, N, S and P total concentrations, pH and sugar and amino sugars content. Thereafter, the molecular composition of C,N,S and P in the soils &amp;#160;was analysed combining synchrotron-based X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy and liquid state &lt;sup&gt;31&lt;/sup&gt;P-NMR spectroscopy. Our results show that although forest to alpine pasture conversion led to losses of C no changes of N, P or S concentrations where observed. These analyses show that with conversion to alpine pasture the SOM changes to a more decomposed state (increase of Alkyl:O-Alkyl ratio), which is accompanied by an increase of Amidic and Pyrrolic-N and an increase of sulfate-S. Moreover, the nominal oxidation state (NOS) of each analysed element, calculated from the spectral data shows a decrease, which might be due to higher decomposition rates in alpine pasture. &amp;#160;This shows that molecular changes in C,N,S and P occur after land use change in the topsoil, and are majorly depended on the soil temperature. &amp;#160;Moreover, this indicates changes that soil microorganisms were affected by land use change, which will be explored further by aminosugar analysis and PLFA. Our results show the rapid molecular changes of soil C,N,S and P after to land use.&lt;/p&gt;

Assessment of land-use change in coastal areas through geographical information systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Verónica Lango-Reynoso ◽  
Karla Teresa González-Figueroa ◽  
Fabiola Lango-Reynoso ◽  
María del Refugio Castañeda-Chávez ◽  
Jesús Montoya-Mendoza
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Coastal Ecosystems ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Coastal Zones ◽  
Computer Based

Objective: This article describes and analyzes the main concepts of coastal ecosystems, these as a result of research concerning land-use change assessments in coastal areas. Design/Methodology/Approach: Scientific articles were searched using keywords in English and Spanish. Articles regarding land-use change assessment in coastal areas were selected, discarding those that although being on coastal zones and geographic and soil identification did not use Geographic Information System (GIS). Results: A GIS is a computer-based tool for evaluating the land-use change in coastal areas by quantifying variations. It is analyzed through GIS and its contributions; highlighting its importance and constant monitoring. Limitations of the study/Implications: This research analyzes national and international scientific information, published from 2007 to 2019, regarding the land-use change in coastal areas quantified with the digital GIS tool. Findings/Conclusions: GIS are useful tools in the identification and quantitative evaluation of changes in land-use in coastal ecosystems; which require constant evaluation due to their high dynamism.

Monitoring land use change in the Lake Taupo catchment between 1975, 1990 and 2002 using satellite remote sensing data

2007 ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
H. Lilienthal ◽  
A. Brauer ◽  
K. Betteridge ◽  
E. Schnug
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Satellite Remote Sensing ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Native Vegetation ◽  
Lake Water Quality ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
Slow Decline

Conversion of native vegetation into farmed grassland in the Lake Taupo catchment commenced in the late 1950s. The lake's iconic value is being threatened by the slow decline in lake water quality that has become apparent since the 1970s. Keywords: satellite remote sensing, nitrate leaching, land use change, livestock farming, land management

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