Effects of Bamboo (Phyllostachys praecox) Cultivation on Soil Nitrogen Fractions and Mineralization

The mineralization of soil organic nitrogen (N) is the key process in the cycling of N in terrestrial ecosystems. Land-use change to bamboo (Phyllostachys praecox) cultivation that later entails organic material mulching combined with chemical fertilizer application will inevitably influence soil N mineralization (Nmin) and availability dynamics. However, the soil Nmin rates associated with various N fractions of P. praecox in response to land-use change and mulching are not well understood. The present study aimed to understand the effects of land-use change to P. praecox bamboo cultivation and organic material mulching on soil Nmin and availability. Soil properties and organic N fractions were measured in a P. praecox field planted on former paddy fields, a mulched P. praecox field, and a rice (Oryza sativa L.) field. Soil Nmin was determined using a batch incubation method, with mathematical models used to predict soil Nmin kinetics and potential. The conversion from a paddy field to P. praecox plantation decreased the soil pH, soil total N, and soil organic matter (SOM) content significantly (p < 0.05); the mulching method induced further soil acidification. The mulching treatment significantly augmented the SOM content by 7.08% compared with the no-mulching treatment (p < 0.05), but it decreased soil hydrolyzable N and increased the nonhydrolyzable N (NHN) content. Both the Nmin rate and cumulative mineralized N were lowest in the mulched bamboo field. The kinetics of Nmin was best described by the ‘two-pool model’ and ‘special model’. The Pearson’s correlation analysis and the Mantel test suggested soil pH was the dominant factor controlling the soil cumulative mineralized N and mineralization potential in the bamboo fields. These findings could help us better understand the N cycling and N availability under mulching conditions for shifts in land use, and provide a scientific basis for the sustainable management of bamboo plantations.

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ANALISIS C-ORGANIK, NITROGEN DAN C/N TANAH PADA LAHAN AGROWISATA BEKEN JAYA DI KABUPATEN KUANTAN SINGINGI

Jurnal AGROSAINS dan TEKNOLOGI ◽

10.24853/jat.5.1.11-18 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 11

Author(s):

Trinop Sagiarti ◽

Deno Okalia ◽

Gusti Markina

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Random Sampling ◽

Soil Analysis ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Chemical Characteristic ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Organic N ◽

Total N ◽

Gas Drilling ◽

Very High

Soil fertility determined by land management . Land use in the farmers to Beken Jaya in Kuantan Singingi has been going on for seven years to technique fertilizing not recommended, so it is important to knew soil chemical characteristic are now being to sustainable agriculture.This research in the soil samples uses the method purposive random sampling in 15 points gas drilling land as deep as 20 cm.Parameter examined is pH , C-organic , N-total , N-available and ratio C / N. All the data compared to table criteria of the chemical properties the ground by LPT 1993. Based on the results of the soil analysis in Agrowisata Beken Jaya can be concluded features chemical pH 5,88 -6,41 ( criteria midle acid ) , C-organik 0.25 % - 1,18 % ( criteria very low until low ) , N-total 0,30 -1,16 % ( criteria moderate to very high ), and C/N 0,24-3,97 (criteria very low)

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The attempt to explain the various reaktions of rape and corn plants on the nitrogen usee in the ammonium or nitrate forms

Acta Agrobotanica ◽

10.5586/aa.1993.004 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 46 (1) ◽

pp. 39-49

Author(s):

Zofia Uziak ◽

Edward Borowski ◽

Zbyszek Blamowski

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Biomass Yield ◽

Organic N ◽

Lower Content ◽

Ammonium Ions ◽

Total N ◽

Liming improves soil microbial growth, but trash blanket placement increases labile carbon and nitrogen availability in a sugarcane soil of subtropical Australia

Soil Research ◽

10.1071/sr17116 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 56 (3) ◽

pp. 235 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

X. Y. Liu ◽

M. Rezaei Rashti ◽

M. Esfandbod ◽

B. Powell ◽

C. R. Chen

Keyword(s):

Soil Ph ◽

Enzyme Activities ◽

Nitrogen Availability ◽

Microbial Community Composition ◽

Cropping System ◽

Hot Water ◽

Microbial Biomass C ◽

N Availability ◽

Total N ◽

Soil Microbial

Liming has been widely used to decrease soil acidity, but its effects on soil nitrogen (N) availability and microbial processes in sugarcane fields are largely unknown. Adjacent sugarcane soils at 26 months after liming (26ML), 14 months after liming (14ML) and with no lime amendment (CK) in Bundaberg, Australia, were selected to investigate the effect of liming on soil N bioavailability and microbial activity in a long-term subtropical sugarcane cropping system. Liming in both 14ML and 26ML treatments significantly increased soil pH (by 1.2–1.4 units) and exchangeable Ca2+ (>2-fold) compared with the CK treatment. The lower concentrations of hot water extractable organic carbon (C) and total N and ammonium-N in the 14ML, compared with the CK and 26ML treatments, can be attributed to the absence of trash blanket placement in the former. Enhanced microbial immobilisation due to improved soil pH by liming (14ML and 26ML treatments) led to increased soil microbial biomass C and N, particularly in the presence of a trash blanket (26 ML treatment), but decreased soil respiration and metabolic quotient indicated that acidic stress conditions were alleviated in the liming treatments. Soil pH was the main factor governing soil enzyme activities, with an overall decrease in all enzyme activities in response to liming. Overall, liming and trash blanket practices improved sugarcane soil fertility. Further study is warranted to investigate the shifts in soil microbial community composition and the diversity and abundance of N-associated functional genes in response to liming in sugarcane fields.

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Nitrogen isotopic signatures and fluxes of N2O in response to land-use change on naturally occurring saline–alkaline soil

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-78149-w ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Arbindra Timilsina ◽

Wenxu Dong ◽

Jiafa Luo ◽

Stuart Lindsey ◽

Yuying Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Land Use Change ◽

Large Scale ◽

N Availability ◽

Alkaline Soil ◽

Isotopic Signatures ◽

Naturally Occurring ◽

Artificial Ecosystems ◽

The Impact ◽

Natural Grassland

AbstractThe conversion of natural grassland to semi-natural or artificial ecosystems is a large-scale land-use change (LUC) commonly occurring to saline–alkaline land. Conversion of natural to artificial ecosystems, with addition of anthropogenic nitrogen (N) fertilizer, influences N availability in the soil that may result in higher N2O emission along with depletion of 15N, while converting from natural to semi-natural the influence may be small. So, this study assesses the impact of LUC on N2O emission and 15N in N2O emitted from naturally occurring saline–alkaline soil when changing from natural grassland (Phragmites australis) to semi-natural [Tamarix chinensis (Tamarix)] and to cropland (Gossypium spp.). The grassland and Tamarix ecosystems were not subject to any management practice, while the cropland received fertilizer and irrigation. Overall, median N2O flux was significantly different among the ecosystems with the highest from the cropland (25.3 N2O-N µg m−2 h−1), intermediate (8.2 N2O-N µg m−2 h−1) from the Tamarix and the lowest (4.0 N2O-N µg m−2 h−1) from the grassland ecosystem. The 15N isotopic signatures in N2O emitted from the soil were also significantly affected by the LUC with more depleted from cropland (− 25.3 ‰) and less depleted from grassland (− 0.18 ‰). Our results suggested that the conversion of native saline–alkaline grassland with low N to Tamarix or cropland is likely to result in increased soil N2O emission and also contributes significantly to the depletion of the 15N in atmospheric N2O, and the contribution of anthropogenic N addition was found more significant than any other processes.

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Responses of seasonal and diurnal soil CO2 effluxes to land-use change from paddy fields to Lei bamboo (Phyllostachys praecox) stands

Atmospheric Environment ◽

10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.06.011 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 77 ◽

pp. 856-864 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Tao Zhang ◽

Yongfu Li ◽

Scott X. Chang ◽

Peikun Jiang ◽

Guomo Zhou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Land Use Change ◽

Paddy Fields ◽

Soil Co2 ◽

Phyllostachys Praecox

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Nitrogen availability determines the long-term impact of land use change on soil carbon stocks in grasslands of southern Ghana

SOIL ◽

10.5194/soil-6-523-2020 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 523-539

Author(s):

John Kormla Nyameasem ◽

Thorsten Reinsch ◽

Friedhelm Taube ◽

Charles Yaw Fosu Domozoro ◽

Esther Marfo-Ahenkora ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

N Availability ◽

Plant Metabolites ◽

Total N ◽

Low Input ◽

Native Grassland ◽

Livestock Systems ◽

Southern Ghana ◽

Soc Stocks

Abstract. Enhancing the capacity of agricultural soils to resist soil degradation and to mitigate climate change requires long-term assessments of land use systems. Such long-term evaluations, particularly regarding low-input livestock systems, are limited. In the absence of suitable long-term experiments, this study assessed the outcome of C inputs and outputs across an array of plant functional groups in arable and permanent systems of a tropical savannah after more than 50 years of consistent land use. Soil samples were taken (0–30 cm depth) from arable crop fields, grazed–seeded grassland, cut–use permanent crops and native grassland. Soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks ranged from 17 to 64 Mg SOC ha−1 (mean ± sd = 32.9 ± 10.2 Mg ha−1). SOC stocks were lower for grazed–seeded grassland relative to cut–use grass, legume trees and shrubs. Accordingly, while the conversion of the native grassland to grazed pastures caused an estimated loss of 44 % of SOC over the period, the conversion to woody legumes resulted in slight (5 %), incremental gains. Within sown systems, nitrogen (N) availability seemed to be the most critical factor in determining the fate of the SOC stocks, with the soil N concentration and SOC being highly correlated (r – 0.86; p < 0.001). In total N, P and K were significant predictors of SOC density in the soils. Moreover, secondary plant metabolites in legumes, namely tannins, were identified as having an impact on SOC. The results from this study provide the theoretical basis for testing the hypothesis that improved soil fertility management and the use of tannin-rich plants have the potential to promote long-term SOC storage in the savannah ecological region. Our study also shows the potential of legume tree/shrub forage species as an environmentally sustainable land use option to mitigate agricultural CO2 emissions from low-input livestock systems in the grasslands of southern Ghana.

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Changes in Soil Organic Carbon Under Continuous Farming

Research in Agriculture Livestock and Fisheries ◽

10.3329/ralf.v7i2.48857 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 175-181

Author(s):

Izzah Abd Hamid ◽

Wan Asrina Wan Yahaya ◽

Norziana Zin Zawawi

Keyword(s):

Organic Carbon ◽

Soil Ph ◽

Crop Residue ◽

Flash Flood ◽

Poultry Manure ◽

N Availability ◽

Soil System ◽

Total N ◽

Grid Sampling ◽

Crop Uptake

Cultivating a land without proper crop management may lead to diminished organic carbon. Thus, this study assesses the effects of long-term farming (2014 to 2018) on soil OC. This study was conducted in Share Farm II, Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Sarawak Campus on a selected area that practiced crop rotation. Soil samples have been collected according to grid sampling techniques by beds row and inter-row, and are analysed for soil pH, OM, TOC, and total N. The results show a trend in the alleviation of soil acidity with 2018 > 2016 > 2014, however, there is a diminished of TOC as the year of cultivation increases from 3.42% to 1.87%. The results show insufficient crop residue that returns to the soil system which has been subjected to flash flood and poultry manure application. In return, C retention ability was reduced, which further limit OM capability to supply nutrients upon decomposition. The correlation analysis has revealed that different types of crop residue such as grass clippings that have been applied in 2016 may be another reason for the insufficient N availability (0.44%). Therefore, the quantity and quality of residues may affect the decomposition rate and provide a lower C/N ratio, which significantly affects the soil pH, total N, and other nutrients that are essential for crop uptake. Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.7(2): 175-181, August 2020

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Assessing the Effect of Land Use Change on Surface Runoff in a Rapidly Urbanized City: A Case Study of the Central Area of Beijing

Land ◽

10.3390/land9010017 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 17 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Shanshan Hu ◽

Yunyun Fan ◽

Tao Zhang

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Land Use Change ◽

Correlation Analysis ◽

Surface Runoff ◽

Flood Control ◽

Central Area ◽

Dominant Factor ◽

Landsat Images ◽

Rapid Urbanization ◽

The Impact

The change in land use during the process of urbanization affects surface runoff and increases flood risk in big cities. This study investigated the impact of land use change on surface runoff in Beijing’s central area during the period of rapid urbanization from 1984 to 2019. Land use maps of 1984, 1999, 2009, and 2019 were generated by image classification of Landsat images. Surface runoffs were calculated with the Soil Conservation Service curve number (SCS-CN) model. Correlation analysis was used to identify the dominant factor of land use change affecting surface runoff. The result showed that the variation trend of surface runoff was consistent with the trend of impervious land in Beijing’s central area, which increased during 1984~2009 and decreased during 2009~2019. Correlation analysis showed that changes in surface runoff were most strongly correlated with changes in impervious surfaces when compared with the correlation of runoff with other types of land use. The results of this study may provide a reference for city flood control and urban planning in fast growing cities worldwide, especially in developing countries.

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ORGANIC NITROGEN IN A TYPIC HAPLUDOX FERTILIZED WITH PIG SLURRY

Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo ◽

10.1590/01000683rbcs20150080 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

pp. 127-139 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Marco André Grohskopf ◽

Paulo Cezar Cassol ◽

Juliano Corulli Correa ◽

Maria Sueli Heberle Mafra ◽

Jonas Panisson

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

N Uptake ◽

Mineral Fertilizer ◽

Organic N ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Pig Slurry ◽

Total N ◽

Ammonium N ◽

N Fractions ◽

Annual Application

The application of pig slurry may have a different effect on nitrogen dynamics in soil compared to mineral fertilization. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the different forms of organic N in a Latossolo Vermelho distroférrico (Typic Hapludox) and their relationship to N uptake by crops in response to 10 years of annual application of pig slurry and mineral fertilizer. The treatments were application rates of 0, 25, 50, 100, and 200 m3 ha-1 of pig slurry, in addition to mineral fertilizer, organized in a randomized block design with four replications. The N contents were determined in the plant tissue and in the forms of total N and acid hydrolyzed fractions: ammonium-N, hexosamine-N, α-amino-N, amide-N, and unidentified-N. Annual application of pig slurry or mineral fertilizer increased the total-N content in the 0-10 cm depth layer. The main fractions of organic N in the soil were α-amino-N when pig slurry was applied and unidentified-N in the case of mineral fertilizers. Pig slurry increased the N fractions considered as labile: α-amino-N, ammonium-N, and amide-N. The increase in these labile organic N fractions in the soil through pig slurry application allows greater N uptake by the maize and oat crops in a no-tillage system.

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AVAILABILITY OF NITROGEN FROM THREE MANURES TO CORN IN THE FIELD

Canadian Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.4141/cjss86-070 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 66 (4) ◽

pp. 713-720 ◽

Cited By ~ 60

Author(s):

E. G. BEAUCHAMP

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Cattle Manure ◽

N Immobilization ◽

Organic N ◽

Yield Response ◽

N Availability ◽

Net N Mineralization ◽

Yield Data ◽

Total N

Three manures were compared with urea as sources of nitrogen for corn (Zea mays L.) on a different field site in each of 3 yr. The manures and their average [Formula: see text]–N:total N ratios were as follows: liquid poultry manure (LPM), 0.89; liquid dairy cattle manure (LCM), 0.53; and solid beef cattle manure (SBM), 0.09. The manures were applied at rates of 100, 200 and 300 kg total N ha−1. An additional LCM treatment of 600 kg total N ha−1 was also included. For comparison with the manures as N sources, urea was applied at rates of 50, 100 and 150 kg N ha−1. The yield response data were examined on the basis of a previously suggested model which predicted that all of the [Formula: see text]–N and part (e.g., 10–20%) of the organic N in manures are available for crop growth in the field. Regression analyses of paired yield data sets of urea and LCM or urea and LPM indicated that only 75–80% of the [Formula: see text]–N fraction applied in these manures was equivalent to urea-N. Thus, it was concluded that the model did not take into account net N immobilization and possibly N losses through denitrification following application. It was concluded also that N release from the organic N fraction of SBM differed substantially from that for the other manures. This conclusion was supported by greenhouse data which indicated that net N immobilization occurred for the first crop shortly after SBM was applied but this was followed by net N mineralization for a second crop as manure decomposition continued. Soil NO3− concentrations in mid-June generally increased with the urea, LPM and LCM sources of N at the higher rates of application in the field. Lower soil NO3− concentrations with SBM reflected the lower availability of N. Key words: Corn, manure N availability, Zea mays L.

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