Evaluation of clinical signs and causes of lower urinary tract disease in Polish cats

This paper describes the results of a retrospective study performed on 385 cats with feline lower urinary tract disease. The study was conducted to obtain epidemiological data and to evaluate clinical symptoms and the results of laboratory tests in a population of Polish cats with symptoms of lower urinary tract disease. The analysed population comprised feline patients of the veterinary clinic at the University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn who had not been treated prior to admission. Medical history was obtained for all patients. Urine samples were collected mostly, but not solely, by cystocentesis. Feline idiopathic cystitis was diagnosed in most cats (60.7%), while urinary tract infections were noted in only 7.8% of patients. Urethral obstruction caused by mucus plugs was observed in 17.4% of animals. Urolithiasis was observed in 13% of cats, 5% of whom were also diagnosed with urinary tract infections. Hyperplastic changes were identified in only 1% of the studied population. In 59% of cats, feline lower urinary tract disease was accompanied by urethral obstruction. Cats with feline idiopathic cystitis were the youngest animals in the analysed population, and the risk of urinary tract infections and neoplasia increased with age. Our results, obtained over a period of six years in a Polish feline population, show that sex, neutering, age, living conditions and diet influence the type of urinary tract disease, data which are consistent with those obtained in other countries.

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Clinicopathological characteristics of cats with signs of feline lower urinary tract disease in the Czech Republic

Veterinární Medicína ◽

10.17221/146/2019-vetmed ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 65 (No. 3) ◽

pp. 123-133

Author(s):

S Kovarikova ◽

V Simerdova ◽

M Bilek ◽

D Honzak ◽

P Marsalek

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract ◽

Lower Urinary Tract ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Clinicopathological Characteristics ◽

The Other ◽

Urethral Obstruction ◽

Urine Specific Gravity ◽

Common Finding ◽

Tract Disease ◽

Lower Urinary

A total of 214 cats with signs of feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD) were assessed in this study. There were 81.30% males (82.20% of them neutered) and 18.70% females (80.00% of them spayed) with an age range from 9 months to 17 years (mean 5.1 ± 3.7). Most of the cats (111; 51.90%) were diagnosed with feline idiopathic cystitis; in 57 (26.60%) cats, uroliths were detected. A urinary tract infection (UTI) as well as urethral plugs were diagnosed in 23 cats (10.75%). In 100 cats, a non-obstructive form of feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD) was present; in 114 cats (exclusively males) a urethral obstruction was diagnosed. Most of the cats (141; 65.90%) were indoor-housed. The cats with the UTI were significantly older when compared to the other cases of FLUTD. The most common clinical signs reported by the owners were dysuria (39.70%), oliguria/anuria (31.30%), and vomiting (24.80%). In the cats with the urethral obstruction, oliguria/anuria and non-specific systemic signs were dominant whereas in the non-obstructive form, signs of a lower urinary tract disease were more frequent. The urine specific gravity ranged from 1.008 to 1.080, while in the cats diagnosed with UTI, it was significantly lower than the other cats. Haematuria was the most common finding within the urinalysis which was diagnosed in 181 cats (84.60%): macroscopic haematuria was present in 94 patients (43.90%), microscopic haematuria was present in 87 cats (40.70%). Pyuria was found in 36 cats (16.80%). In the UTI cats, the most common bacterial isolate was E. coli. Results of our study are in agreement with previous reports of FLUTD in various countries, with idiopathic cystitis as the most common cause.

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Fungal Urinary Tract Infections in the Dog and Cat: A Retrospective Study (2001–2004)

Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association ◽

10.5326/0410373 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 41 (6) ◽

pp. 373-381 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Yipeng Jin ◽

Degui Lin

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Renal Failure ◽

Candida Albicans ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Urinary Tract Infections ◽

Lower Urinary Tract ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Medical Problems ◽

Tract Infections ◽

Lower Urinary

Thirty-five animals (23 dogs, 12 cats) with fungal urinary tract infections (UTIs) were retrospectively studied. Dysuria, hematuria, increased frequency of micturition, anorexia, depression, and pyrexia were the most common clinical signs noted. Seven species of fungi were identified in the affected animals. Candida albicans was the most common isolate. Most animals diagnosed with fungal UTI also had other concurrent urinary tract or medical problems. Lower urinary tract diseases, diabetes mellitus, neoplasia, and renal failure were the most common concurrent or preceding diseases identified. Resolution of fungal UTI occurred in 12 animals that received specific antifungal treatment.

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Evaluation of lower urinary tract disease in the Yogyakarta cat population, Indonesia

Veterinary World ◽

10.14202/vetworld.2020.1182-1186 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 1182-1186

Author(s):

Alfarisa Nururrozi ◽

Yanuartono Yanuartono ◽

Prisyarlinie Sivananthan ◽

Soedarmanto Indarjulianto

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract ◽

Lower Urinary Tract ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Veterinary Clinic ◽

Bacterial Cultures ◽

The Us ◽

History Of ◽

Physical Examinations ◽

Tract Disease ◽

Lower Urinary

Background and Aim: This paper reports a retrospective study performed in 185 cats diagnosed with feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD). The analyzed population involved feline patients at the Veterinary Clinic of Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia. This research aimed to evaluate the clinical indications and causes of FLUTD in the Yogyakarta cat population. Materials and Methods: The medical data of all feline patients were obtained to conduct this study. FLUTD diagnoses were based on physical examinations, urinalyses, ultrasound examinations, and bacterial cultures. Only cats with a complete examination were used in the study. The clinical signs were evaluated and accompanied by the results of laboratory tests in cats that showed symptoms of FLUTD. The medical history of all feline patients was analyzed thoroughly. Most of the feline's urine samples were collected by catheterization. Results: The most commonly diagnosed of FLUTD in the Yogyakarta cat population were: feline idiopathic cystitis (FIC) (56%), urinary tract infection (UTI; 25%), urolithiasis (13%), urethral plugs (UP) (4.9%), and neoplasia (0.4%), respectively. The prevalence of UTI is higher than that reported in Europe or the US. Older cats more often show symptoms of UTI and neoplasia, whereas young cats more often show symptoms of FIC and UP. The prevalence of male cats experiencing FLUTD in Yogyakarta is much higher than female cats. Conclusion: The incidence rate of FLUTD cases in Yogyakarta is related to age and sex. The results of this study are similar to those of the previous research studies conducted in other countries.

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