The impacts of a biochar application on selected soil properties and bacterial communities in an Albic Clayic Luvisol

In this four-year study, we focused on the impacts of a biochar application on physicochemical soil properties (soil total carbon, total nitrogen, total potassium, total phosphorus, available nitrogen, available potassium, available phosphorus, pH, bulk density and moisture) and bacterial communities in an Albic Clayic Luvisol. The biochar was applied to plots only once with rates of 0, 10, 20 and 30 t/ha at the beginning of the experiment. The soil samples were collected from the surface (0–10 cm) and second depth (10–20 cm) soil layers after four years. The results showed that that the soil total carbon (TC) and pH increased, but the soil bulk density (BD) decreased with the biochar application. The soil bacterial sequences determined by the Illumina MiSeq method resulted in a decrease in the relative abundance of Acidobacteria, but an increase in the Actinobacteria with the biochar application. The bacterial diversity was significantly influenced by the biochar application. The nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) indicated that the soil bacterial community structure was affected by both the biochar addition and the soil depth. The Mantel test analysis indicated that the bacterial community structure significantly correlated to a soil with a pH (r = 0.525, P = 0.001), bulk density (r = 0.539, P = 0.001) and TC (r = 0.519, P = 0.002) only. In addition, most of the differences in the soil properties, bacterial relative abundance and community composition in the second depth soil layer were greater than those in the surface soil layer.

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Difference in Rhizosphere Soil Bacterial Community was among Six Cinnamomum camphora Chemotypes

10.20944/preprints202111.0158.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Zufei Xiao ◽

Beihong Zhang ◽

Yangbao Wang ◽

Zhinong Jin ◽

Feng Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Community Structure ◽

Bacterial Community ◽

Bacterial Communities ◽

Bacterial Community Structure ◽

Rhizosphere Soil ◽

Soil Nutrient ◽

Soil Bacterial Community ◽

Cinnamomum Camphora ◽

Close Relationship ◽

Soil Bacterial

Abstract: Plant types and soil bacterial communities had a close relationship, understanding the profound association between them contributes to better learn bacterial ecological function for plant growth. In this study, rhizosphere soil of six different chemotype Cinnamomum camphora trees were collected, including C. bodinieri var. citralifera, [C. camphora (Linn.) Presl], camphora-type, cineole-type, linalool-type and isoborneol-type. Soil properties content and bacterial communities were analyzed. Two chemotype C. camphora, including [C. camphora (Linn.) Presl] and linalool-type, shaped similar bacterial community structure, decreased Firmcutes relative abundance. richness estimators (Chao1 index and Ace index) of [C. camphora (Linn.) Presl] were decreased compared with the others. Furthermore, soil bacterial community structure was also similar among bodinieri var. citralifera, camphora-type, cineole-type and isoborneol-type. Hence, different chemotype C. camphora altered soil nutrient and shaped rhizosphere bacterial communities.

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Effects of ultraviolet radiation on the community structure and metabolic pathways of A2O process at Plateau environment

10.21203/rs.3.rs-890556/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Zong Yongchen ◽

He Qiang ◽

Guo Mingzhe ◽

You Junhao ◽

Zhang Dongyan

Keyword(s):

Community Structure ◽

Water Treatment ◽

Bacterial Community ◽

Ultraviolet Radiation ◽

Relative Abundance ◽

Ultraviolet Irradiation ◽

Bacterial Communities ◽

Metabolic Pathways ◽

Bacterial Community Structure ◽

Key Species

Abstract Water treatment ecosystem provides important habitats for various bacterial communities. However, the response mechanism of this ecosystem under ultraviolet rays is not yet clear. In the study, 16S rRNA gene sequencing is used to study the bacterial community structure and metabolic pathways under 5 samples of ultraviolet irradiation times. In general, the bacterial communities of the five samples are different, which indicates that the ultraviolet radiation time has an impact on the bacterial community structure. Analysis of driving factors shows that UV, COD, pH, TN and NH3-N have an impact on the relative abundance of key species. Key species under ultraviolet irradiation are Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Chloroflexi, and Chlamydiae, accounting for 96.69%ཞ98.30%, and ultraviolet irradiation has a significant inhibitory effect on the relative abundance. As the dominant bacterial phyla in Plateau environment, Chlamydiae is discovered for the first time. The network co-occurrence diagrams constructed under different ultraviolet radiation show that each sample is composed of three independent network diagrams. There are 6 common dominant phyla and 33 common dominant bacterial genera in each sample, which reveals that the structure of the ecosystem is composed of more similar microorganisms, rather than random phenomena. It also reflects the competitive relationship between species and the adaptability of bacteria to the environment. Through the analysis of metabolic pathways, it is found that the dominant metabolic pathways in high altitude habitats have certain changes under ultraviolet radiation. Further analysis of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus metabolic pathways shows that the relative abundance of related metabolic pathways has a certain change, but the difference in metabolic maps is small, that is, the effect of ultraviolet radiation is mainly reflected in the relative abundance of metabolic pathways. These findings indicate that ultraviolet radiation in Plateau environment as an important influencing factor has an impact on microbial structure and metabolic pathways. This research provides an important theoretical basis for further understanding of water treatment ecosystem in Plateau environment, and also provides a new perspective for the development of water treatment ecosystem.

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Effects of Continuous Cropping of Codonopsis tangshen on Rhizospheric Soil Bacterial Community as Determined by Pyrosequencing

Diversity ◽

10.3390/d13070317 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 317

Author(s):

Meide Zhang ◽

Yinsheng He ◽

Wuxian Zhou ◽

Lunqiang Ai ◽

Haihua Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Community Structure ◽

Bacterial Community ◽

Relative Abundance ◽

Bacterial Community Structure ◽

Significant Decline ◽

Soil Bacterial Community ◽

Continuous Cropping ◽

Rhizospheric Soil ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Soil Bacterial

Codonopsis tangshen, a perennial herbaceous, has been shown to be affected by continuous cropping, with significant decline in both yield and quality. In this study, we studied the effect of continuous cropping on the abundance and composition of rhizospheric soil bacterial community. Results showed that continuous cropping causes a significant decline in both yield and quality. The nutrient content in continuous cropping soil was higher than that of soil in main cropping. Pyrosequencing analyses revealed Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria as the main phyla in two types of soils. Relative abundance of Acidobacteria, Nitrospirae, TM7, and AD3 phyla was observed to be high in continuous cropping soils, whereas Chloroflexi, Bacteroidetes, and Planctomycetes phyla were richer in main cropping soils. At the genus level, high relative abundance of Pseudomonas (γ-Proteobacteria), Rhodanobacter, Candidatus Koribacter, and Candidatus were observed in continuous cropping soil. Different patterns of bacterial community structure were observed between different soils. Redundancy analysis indicated that organic matter content and available nitrogen content exhibited the strongest effect on bacterial community structure in the continuous cropping soil. Taken together, continuous cropping led to a significant decline in yield and quality, decrease in rhizospheric soil bacterial abundance, and alteration of rhizospheric soil microbial community structure, thereby resulting in poor growth of C. tangshen in the continuous cropping system.

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Bacterial communities in paddy soil and ditch sediment under rice-crab co-culture system

AMB Express ◽

10.1186/s13568-021-01323-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Xu Jiang ◽

Hui Ma ◽

Qing-lei Zhao ◽

Jun Yang ◽

Cai-yun Xin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Community Structure ◽

Bacterial Community ◽

Relative Abundance ◽

Paddy Soil ◽

Bacterial Communities ◽

Bacterial Community Structure ◽

High Throughput Sequencing ◽

Available Phosphorus ◽

Uncultured Bacterium ◽

Ditch Sediment

AbstractAs an important form of sustainable agriculture, rice-crab (Eriocheir sinensis) co-culture is rapid developing worldwide. However, the knowledge on the bacterial communities of the different components of the system is limited. In this study, we investigated the bacterial community structure in paddy soil and ditch sediment by using high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that compared with the ditch sediment, the content of NH4+-N in paddy soil decreased by 62.31%, and the content of AP (available phosphorus) increased by 172.02% (P < 0.05). The most abundant phyla in paddy soil and ditch sediment were Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Chloroflexi, whose relative abundance was above 65%. Among the dominant genera, the relative abundance of an uncultured bacterium genus of Saprospiraceae and an uncultured bacterium genus of Lentimicrobiaceae in paddy soil was significantly lower than ditch sediment (P < 0.05). Alpha diversity indicated that the bacterial diversity of paddy soil and ditch sediment was similar. The bacterial community structure was affected by the relative abundance of bacteria, not the species of bacteria. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that the bacterial communities in paddy soil and ditch sediment were correlated with physicochemical properties. Our findings showed that the bacterial community structure was distinct in paddy soil and ditch sediment under rice-crab co-culture probably due to their different management patterns. These results can provide theoretical support for improving rice-crab co-culture technology.

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Effects of Manure and Chemical Fertilizer on Bacterial Community Structure and Soil Enzyme Activities in North China

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11051017 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 1017

Author(s):

Zhiping Liu ◽

Wenyan Xie ◽

Zhenxing Yang ◽

Xuefang Huang ◽

Huaiping Zhou

Keyword(s):

Alkaline Phosphatase ◽

Community Structure ◽

Bacterial Community ◽

Enzyme Activities ◽

Bacterial Communities ◽

Bacterial Community Structure ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Chemical Fertilizer ◽

Soil Bacterial Communities ◽

Soil Bacterial

The application of organic fertilizer affects soil microbes and enzyme activities. In this study, we explored the effects of various long-term different fertilization treatments (manure, M; chemical fertilizer, NP; manure + chemical fertilizer, MNP; and no fertilizer, CK) on bacterial community structure and soil sucrase, urease, and alkaline phosphatase activities in Shaping, Hequ, China. High-throughput sequencing was used to amplify the third to the fourth hypervariable region of the 16S ribosomal RNA for analysis of the bacterial community structure. Enzyme activities were determined by colorimetry. Soil treated with MNP had the highest bacterial Abundance-based Coverage Estimator index and enzyme activities. The principal coordinates analysis results showed significant differences among the various fertilization treatments (p < 0.001). Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, and Chloroflexi were consistently dominant in all soil samples. The redundancy analysis and Monte Carlo permutation tests showed that the soil bacterial communities were significantly correlated with alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, organic matter, urease, and alkaline phosphatase. Our results reveal the fundamentally different effects that organic and inorganic fertilizers have on soil bacterial communities and their functions.

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Local Environmental Factors Drive Divergent Grassland Soil Bacterial Communities in the Western Swiss Alps

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.01170-16 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 82 (21) ◽

pp. 6303-6316 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Erika Yashiro ◽

Eric Pinto-Figueroa ◽

Aline Buri ◽

Jorge E. Spangenberg ◽

Thierry Adatte ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Community Structure ◽

Bacterial Community ◽

Water Content ◽

Bacterial Diversity ◽

Bacterial Communities ◽

Bacterial Community Structure ◽

Swiss Alps ◽

Content Type ◽

Soil Bacterial ◽

Western Swiss Alps

ABSTRACTMountain ecosystems are characterized by a diverse range of climatic and topographic conditions over short distances and are known to shelter a high biodiversity. Despite important progress, still little is known on bacterial diversity in mountain areas. Here, we investigated soil bacterial biogeography at more than 100 sampling sites randomly stratified across a 700-km2area with 2,200-m elevation gradient in the western Swiss Alps. Bacterial grassland communities were highly diverse, with 12,741 total operational taxonomic units (OTUs) across 100 sites and an average of 2,918 OTUs per site. Bacterial community structure was correlated with local climatic, topographic, and soil physicochemical parameters with high statistical significance. We found pH (correlated with % CaO and % mineral carbon), hydrogen index (correlated with bulk gravimetric water content), and annual average number of frost days during the growing season to be among the groups of the most important environmental drivers of bacterial community structure. In contrast, bacterial community structure was only weakly stratified as a function of elevation. Contrasting patterns were discovered for individual bacterial taxa.Acidobacteriaresponded both positively and negatively to pH extremes. Various families within theBacteroidetesresponded to available phosphorus levels. Different verrucomicrobial groups responded to electrical conductivity, total organic carbon, water content, and mineral carbon contents. Alpine grassland bacterial communities are thus highly diverse, which is likely due to the large variety of different environmental conditions. These results shed new light on the biodiversity of mountain ecosystems, which were already identified as potentially fragile to anthropogenic influences and climate change.IMPORTANCEThis article addresses the question of how microbial communities in alpine regions are dependent on local climatic and soil physicochemical variables. We benefit from a unique 700-km2study region in the western Swiss Alps region, which has been exhaustively studied for macro-organismal and fungal ecology, and for topoclimatic modeling of future ecological trends, but without taking into account soil bacterial diversity. Here, we present an in-depth biogeographical characterization of the bacterial community diversity in this alpine region across 100 randomly stratified sites, using 56 environmental variables. Our exhaustive sampling ensured the detection of ecological trends with high statistical robustness. Our data both confirm previously observed general trends and show many new detailed trends for a wide range of bacterial taxonomic groups and environmental parameters.

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Soil bacterial community and functional shifts in response to thermal insulation in moist acidic tundra of Northern Alaska

10.5194/soil-2015-89 ◽

2016 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

M. P. Ricketts ◽

R. S. Poretsky ◽

J. M. Welker ◽

M. A. Gonzalez-Meler

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Community Structure ◽

Bacterial Community ◽

Bacterial Communities ◽

Bacterial Community Structure ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Winter Precipitation ◽

Snow Accumulation ◽

Soil Bacterial Communities ◽

Soil Bacterial

Abstract. Soil microbial communities play a central role in the cycling of carbon (C) in Arctic tundra ecosystems, which contain a large portion of the global C pool. Climate change predictions for Arctic regions include increased temperature and precipitation (i.e. more or less snow), resulting in increased winter soil insulation, increased soil temperature and moisture, and shifting plant community composition. We utilized an 18-year snowfence study site designed to examine the effects of increased winter precipitation on Arctic tundra soil bacterial communities within the context of ecosystem response to climate change. Soil was collected from three pre-established treatment zones representing varying degrees of snow accumulation (DEEP, INT, LOW), soil physical properties (temperature, moisture, active layer thaw depth) were measured, and samples were analysed for C content, nitrogen (N) content, and pH. DNA was extracted and the 16S rRNA gene was sequenced to reveal phylogenetic community differences between samples and determine how soil bacterial communities might respond (structurally and functionally) to changes in winter precipitation and soil chemistry. We analysed relative abundance changes of the six most abundant phyla and found four (Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, and Chloroflexi) responded to deepened snow. All six phyla correlated with at least one of the soil chemical properties (%C, %N, C:N, pH), however a single predictor was not identified suggesting that each bacterial phylum responds differently to soil characteristics. Overall bacterial community structure (beta diversity) was found to be associated with snow accumulation treatment and all soil chemical properties. Bacterial functional potential was inferred using ancestral state reconstruction to approximate functional gene abundance, revealing a decreased abundance of genes required for soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition in the organic horizon of the deep snow accumulation zones. These results suggest that predicted climate change scenarios may result in altered soil bacterial community structure and function, and indicate either a reduction in decomposition potential that may limit C loss from the system, or alleviated temperature limitations on enzymatic efficiency, or both. The fate of stored C in Arctic soils ultimately depends on the balance between these mechanisms.

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Effects of Chemical and Solar Soil-Disinfection Methods on Soil Bacterial Communities

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12239833 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (23) ◽

pp. 9833

Author(s):

Cuixia Yun ◽

Enke Liu ◽

Massimo Rippa ◽

Pasquale Mormile ◽

Dongbao Sun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Community Structure ◽

Solar Radiation ◽

Bacterial Community ◽

Community Composition ◽

Bacterial Communities ◽

Bacterial Community Structure ◽

Disinfection Methods ◽

Soil Disinfection ◽

Soil Bacterial

The actctivated carbon + solar radiation membrane is an eco-friendly soil disinfestations method for managing soil-borne plant pathogens. However, little was known the impact of Activated carbon + solar radiation membrane on bacterial community structure in strawberry production systems under field conditions. A comprehensive evaluation of the impacts of different soil disinfection methods on the bacterial community structure is fundamental to understand the role of disinfection in maintaining soil health. The changes in the soil bacterial diversity and community composition were detected using realtime fluorescence quantitative PCR (RTFQ PCR) and next-generation sequencing techniques to better understand the effect of soil disinfection. The bacterial community composition was monitored after disinfection using dazomet (DZ), chloropicrin (CP), 100 kg/ha activated carbon + solar radiation membrane (AC1), 200 kg/ha activated carbon + solar radiation membrane (AC2), and 300 kg/ha activated carbon + solar radiation membrane (AC3) and compared with the control (CT). The results indicated that the different dosages of activated carbon (AC1, AC2, and AC3) did not affect the bacterial community structure. On the other hand, DZ and CP considerably reduced the soil biomass and abundance of bacterial species. Chemical fumigants influenced the bacterial community structure, with DZ treatment leading to the dominance of the phylum Firmicutes, accounting for approximately 54%. After fumigation with CP, Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria were the dominant phyla. Beta diversity analysis and principal coordinate analysis revealed that the bacterial communities in the soil treated with DZ and CP formed clusters. Redundancy analysis indicated that soil pH, available potassium, and available phosphorus were the key factors influencing microbial metabolic functional diversity. Thus, it was verified that the damage caused by activated carbon + solar radiation membrane—a potential alternative for chemical fumigant—to the soil bacterial community was less than that caused by chemicals DZ and CP.

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Effects of Plastic Debris on the Biofilm Bacterial Communities in Lake Water

Water ◽

10.3390/w13111465 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (11) ◽

pp. 1465

Author(s):

Chao Shen ◽

Liuyan Huang ◽

Guangwu Xie ◽

Yulai Wang ◽

Zongkai Ma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Community Structure ◽

Bacterial Community ◽

Bacterial Communities ◽

Bacterial Community Structure ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Plastic Substrate ◽

Simpson Index ◽

Plastic Debris ◽

Plastic Substrates ◽

Wiener Diversity Index

Increasing discharge of plastic debris into aquatic ecosystems and the worsening ecological risks have received growing attention. Once released, plastic debris could serve as a new substrate for microbes in waters. The complex relationship between plastics and biofilms has aroused great interest. To confirm the hypothesis that the presence of plastic in water affects the composition of biofilm in natural state, in situ biofilm culture experiments were conducted in a lake for 40 days. The diversity of biofilm attached on natural (cobble stones (CS) and wood) and plastic substrates (Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)) were compared, and the community structure and composition were also analyzed. Results from high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA showed that the diversity and species richness of biofilm bacterial communities on natural substrate (observed species of 1353~1945, Simpson index of 0.977~0.989 and Shannon–Wiener diversity index of 7.42~8.60) were much higher than those on plastic substrates (observed species of 900~1146, Simpson index of 0.914~0.975 and Shannon–Wiener diversity index of 5.47~6.99). The NMDS analyses were used to confirm the taxonomic significance between different samples, and Anosim (p = 0.001, R = 0.892) and Adonis (p = 0.001, R = 808, F = 11.19) demonstrated that this classification was statistically rigorous. Different dominant bacterial communities were found on plastic and natural substrates. Alphaproteobacterial, Betaproteobacteria and Synechococcophycideae dominated on the plastic substrate, while Gammaproteobacteria, Phycisphaerae and Planctomycetia played the main role on the natural substrates. The bacterial community structure of the two substrates also showed significant difference which is consistent with previous studies using other polymer types. Our results shed light on the fact that plastic debris can serve as a new habitat for biofilm colonization, unlike natural substrates, pathogens and plastic-degrading microorganisms selectively attached to plastic substrates, which affected the bacterial community structure and composition in aquatic environment. This study provided a new insight into understanding the potential impacts of plastics serving as a new habitat for microbial communities in freshwater environments. Future research should focus on the potential impacts of plastic-attached biofilms in various aquatic environments and the whole life cycle of plastics (i.e., from plastic fragments to microplastics) and also microbial flock characteristics using microbial plastics in the natural environment should also be addressed.

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