scholarly journals Effect of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations on growth and yield of blackgram (Vigna mungo L. Hepper) - a rainfed pulse crop

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 81-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Vanaja ◽  
P. Raghuram Reddy ◽  
N. Jyothi Lakshmi ◽  
M. Maheswari ◽  
P. Vagheera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Vigna Mungo ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Percentage Increase ◽  
Total Seed ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
100 Seed Weight

The response of blackgram (<i>Vigna mungo</i> L. Hepper) to two levels of elevated carbon dioxide (550 and 700 ppm) in terms of growth and yield was investigated and compared with ambient CO<sub>2</sub> level (365 ppm) using open-top chambers. The growth parameters viz., length and weight of root and shoot, root:shoot ratio, leaf area and weight significantly increased at 700 ppm CO2 when compared with 550 ppm. The percentage increase in total biomass at 700 and 550 ppm CO<sub>2</sub> was 65.4% and 39%, respectively compared to the ambient (chamber) control. The increase in total seed yield at 700 ppm (129%) was due to an increase in number of pods per plant and 100 seed weight, whereas at 550 ppm (88.7%) it was due to an increased number of pods/plant and seeds/pod. The results indicate variable responsive effects at different levels of CO<sub>2</sub> emphasizing the pertinence of research on elevated CO<sub>2</sub> in various agroecological inhabitations all over the world. The indication of higher responses for root and leaf at initial growth stages at the higher elevated level of CO<sub>2</sub> (700 ppm), which leads to better root establishment, achieving early photosynthetic efficiency and also better biomass production, and its improved partitioning can be reckoned as a positive aspect of increasing concentrations of CO<sub>2</sub> in atmosphere. The harvest index increased significantly to 35.7 and 38.4% at 550 and 700 ppm, respectively; it is a very important phenomenon in pulses for breaking the yield barrier.

scholarly journals Effect of mixed cropping and plant extracts on the growth, yield and pest control of jute (Corchorus olitorius L.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeyela I. Okunlola ◽  
Thomas I. Ofuya
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Percentage Increase ◽  
Mixed Cropping ◽  
Corchorus Olitorius ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Piper Guineense ◽  
Shoot Weight ◽  
Number Of Branches

ABSTRACT This study investigated the effect of plant extracts (Azadirachta indica and Piper guineense) on the growth and yield of jute (Corchorus olitorius L.) (Cor) under sole and mixed cropping with Amaranthus hybridus (Ama) and Celosia argentea (Cel). The highest percentage increase in plant height, number of leaves, number of branches and stem girth (130.6, 865.0, 220.4 and 114.0%, respectively) was found in untreated Cor + Cel, cypermethrin treated Cor + Ama, cypermethrin treated Cor and A. indica extract treated Cor + Ama, respectively. The highest percentage increase in shoot weight (71.0%), marketable yield (53.9%) and total biomass (51.5%) was in A. indica treated C. olitorius. Extract treatment had no effect on the number of branches at four, five and seven weeks after planting (WAP) in Cor + Ama + Cel; four, five and six WAP in Cor + Cel; four and six WAP in Cor + Ama; as well as four and five WAP in Cor. The highest percentage increase in leaf fresh weight was obtained in cypermethrin treated Cor (53.3%) and Cor + Ama + Cel (52.2%), while the smallest increase was in P. guineense treated Cor (1.1%) and Cor + Ama (2.5%). The activity of A. indica was independent of time of application while P. guineense was not. Among the extract treated groups, the highest percentage increase in shoot weight (71.0%), marketable yield (53.9%) and total biomass (51.5%) was in A. indica treated Cor. The activity of the extracts against insect pests of sole cropped Cor increased significantly (p < 0.05) with increasing extract concentration. The highest efficiency with the use of P. guineense was 250 g dm-3 at four, five and six WAP (94.0, 92.7 and 90.3%, respectively) and 200 mg dm-3 at seven WAP (81.7%). In the case of A. indica extract, the highest efficiency was found with the use of 200 g dm-3 at four, six and seven WAP (92.7, 85.3 and 100%, respectively). A. indica extract (250 g dm-3) treatment gave the highest efficiency at five WAP (100%).

Impact of foliar-applied Hoagland’s nutrient solution on growth and yield of mash bean (Vigna mungo L.) under different growth stages

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (10) ◽  
pp. 1133-1141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasnain Waheed ◽  
Muhammad Mansoor Javaid ◽  
Adeel Shahid ◽  
Hafiz Haider Ali ◽  
Javaria Nargis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Vigna Mungo ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Different Growth Stages

scholarly journals Effects of Gibberellic Acid (Ga3) on Growth and Yield Parameters of French Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-60
Author(s):  
Ferdowsi Noor ◽  
Feroza Hossain ◽  
Umme Ara
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
French Bean ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Net Assimilation

A field study was conducted during the Rabi season of 2009-2010 in the research field of Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka. Six levels of GA3, viz. 0, 30, 50, 70, 90 and 110 ppm were sprayed at 18 days after sowing (DAS). GA3 treatments significantly increased plant height than the control plants. GA3 with 30 to 90 ppm significantly increased number of branches and leaves, leaf area, leaf area index (LAI), leaf dry matter and total dry matter at different growth stages. GA3 at 30 to 70 ppm gradually increased crop growth rate (CGR), net assimilation rate (NAR) and relative growth rate (RGR) and declined advanced growth stages. Number of dry pods /plant, number of seeds /pod, 1000 seed weight, fresh fodder, fresh pod, dry seed yield and harvest index also significantly increased. Positive significant correlations were found among growth parameters and as well as yield contributing characters. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 43(1): 49-60, June 2017

scholarly journals Effects of Biofertilizer with and without Molybdenum on Growth and Seed Yield of Chickpea under Doon Valley of Uttarakhand

2020 ◽  
pp. 133-139
Author(s):  
Girish Chandra ◽  
Lokesh Gambhir ◽  
Radha Upadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Doon Valley ◽  
Yield Parameters ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Different Levels

The availability of micronutrients in the niche defines the growth and yield parameters of chickpea. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of different levels of biofertilizer with and without molybdenum on growth and seed yield of chickpea, at Seed Production Block, SGRR University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand. The experiment included seven treatment groups replicated thrice in Randomized Block Design. It was observed that all growth and seed yield parameters varied significantly with the application of different levels of biofertilizers with or without molybdenum. The observed results showed that all the plant growth parameters like plant height (54.67 cm), number of primary branches (5.34/ plant), number of pods per plants (64.00), fresh weight of plant (81.66 g) were maximum with treatment T6 (20 g Rhizobium+25 g PSB +0.3 g molybdenum/kg seeds). The number of nodules per plant (28.00) and 1000 seed weight (142 g) were recorded maximum with the application of treatment T7 (25 g Rhizobium + 30 g PSB + 0.3 g molybdenum per kg of seeds). The seed yield of chickpea was recorded maximum (15.67 q/ha) with the application of 20 g Rhizobium along with 25 g PSB and 0.3 g molybdenum per kg of seeds (T6). Thus, our findings indicate that, among all other treatments, the application of 20 g Rhizobium along with 25 g PSB and 0.3 g molybdenum per kg of seeds is suitable for higher seed yield of chickpea in Doon valley of Uttarakhand.

scholarly journals Shading improves initial growth and quality of Parkia multijuga Benth. seedlings

2019 ◽  
pp. 1908-1913
Author(s):  
Noemi Vianna Martins Leão ◽  
Elizabeth Santos Cordeiro Shimizu ◽  
Sérgio Heitor Sousa Felipe
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Timber Species ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
Full Sunlight ◽  
Emergence Percentage ◽  
Light Quantity ◽  
Different Levels

During the production of forest seedlings, light quantity can indicate the degree of tolerance of tree species to shading conditions and provide information to obtain seedlings with a higher quality standard. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different levels of shading on the emergence and the quality standard of Parkia multijuga Benth. seedling, a timber species that can be used in landscaping and restoration of degraded areas. The experimental design was completely randomized, consisting of three treatments: full sunlight (control; 2050 µmol m2 s2), 50 (1025 µmol m2 s2), and 70% (615 µmol m2 s2) shading obtained with black polyethylene screens. The results showed that the applied treatments did not significantly influence the emergence percentage. However, under unshaded conditions (i.e., full sunlight), the seeds displayed a higher velocity index and a shorter mean time of seedling emergence. On the other hand, the different levels of shading (50 and 70%) improved the growth performance (e.g., higher shoot height, collar diameter, number of leaves) and quality (e.g., higher Dickson Quality Index (DQI)) of P. multijuga seedlings. Furthermore, seedlings under 50 and 70% shading displayed a significant increase in the total biomass compared to those exposed to the full sunlight condition (243 and 195%, respectively). In addition, the DQI was higher in plants grown at 50 and 70% shading in comparison with the full sunlight treatment (145 and 85%, respectively). The shading level of 50% is recommended for the production of P. multijuga seedlings with the highest quality standard in the nursery beds in Brazilian Amazon.

scholarly journals Improvement of Salt Tolerance in Maize by Exogenous Application of Proline

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
MI Hasan ◽  
MG Kibria ◽  
M Jahiruddin ◽  
Y Murata ◽  
MA Hoque
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Total N ◽  
Exogenous Application ◽  
S Uptake ◽  
Maize Plants ◽  
Different Growth Stages

Proline provides protection in plants against various abiotic stresses including salinity. The field experiment was conducted at the farmer’s field of coastal area (Botiaghata, Khulna) to mitigate the adverse effects of salinity on growth and yield of maize by exogenous application of proline. In the experiment maize plants were treated with different concentrations of proline at seedling and/or vegetative stages. The plant growth parameters, grain and stover yields, nutrient uptake and K+/Na+ ratio were recorded. All the yield contributing characters were significantly increased due to exogenous application of proline at different growth stages. Among the treatments, application of 100 mM proline at seedling and vegetative stages offered the highest grain and stover yields (5.7 t ha-1 and 9.8 t ha-1, respectively) of maize which was followed by 100 mM proline application at seedling stage where grain and stover yields were 5.7 t ha-1 and 9.7 t/ha, respectively. However no significant differences were found between two treatments. Total N, P and S uptake (203.66, 23.24 and 23.14 kg ha-1, respectively) were highest when the maize plants were treated with 100 mM proline at seedling and vegetative stages. The highest K+/Na+ ratio both in grain (12.92) and stover (5.57) was also observed in the same treatment. Therefore, it can be concluded that exogenous application of proline improves salinity tolerance in maize by increasing nutrient uptake and probably due to increasing antioxidant defense mechanisms.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 8(1): 13-18 2015

scholarly journals Response of weed management practices on the Productivity of urdbean (Vigna mungo L. Hepper)

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 348-352
Author(s):  
Prahlad Jakhar ◽  
S.S. Yadav ◽  
Rakesh Choudhary
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Vigna Mungo ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Loamy Sand Soil

A field Investigation was carried out to evaluate the effect of hand weedings and herbicides on the weed flora, growth and yield of urdbean (Vigna mungo). The experiment was conducted during kharif season 2011 in loamy sand soil, to study the effect of different Ten weed management treatments comprising weedy check, weed free, one hand weeding (HW) at 20 days after sowing (DAS), two HW at 20 and 40 DAS, trifluralin at 0.75 kg/ha, alachlor at 1.5 kg/ha, imazethapyr at 0.10 kg/ha, trifluralin at 0.75 kg/ha + HW at 30 DAS, alachlor at 1.5 kg/ha + HWat 30 DAS and imazethapyr at 0.10 kg/ha + HW at 30 DAS on urdbean. Results showed that the maximum plant height was recorded under weed free treatment at all the growth stages and the maximum dry matter accumulation of 108.88 and 159.31 g per metre row length at 50 DAS and harvest stages was obtained under imazethapyr at 0.10 kg/ha + HW at 30 DAS treatment that was significantly higher by 17.8, 21.8, 24.6, 31.8 and 56.0 per cent at 50 DAS and 20.4, 17.6, 25.4, 29.0 and 50.1 per cent at harvest stage over imazethapyr at 0.10 kg/ha, one HW at 20 DAS, alachlor at 1.5 kg/ha, trifluralin at 0.75 kg/ha and weedy check treatments, respectively.. Application pre emergence application of imazethapyr at 0.10 kg/ha + HW at 30 DAS was found the most effective treatment with regard of grain yield (1403 kg/ha) and net returns (Rs 34815/ha). Two hand weedings done at 20 and 40 DAS also produced grain yield of 1392 kg/ha with net returns of Rs 33469 /ha.

scholarly journals Effect of Seed Treatment and Nutrient Schedule on the Productivity of Blackgram (Vigna mungo L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Yamini ◽  
A.S. Anilkumar
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Sodium Molybdate ◽  
Vigna Mungo ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Nodule Number ◽  
100 Seed Weight

Background: Blackgram (Vigna mungo L.) is an important short duration crop and is grown throughout the country. Seed treatment can improve seedling establishment and better crop stand; it also improves plants ability to tolerate stress at early growth stages and foliar application has the advantage of quick and efficient utilization of nutrients, elimination of nutrient losses through leaching and fixation in soil and also helps in regulating the uptake of nutrients by plants thus improving productivity. Methods: A field experiment was conducted during rabi 2018 at the Instructional Farm, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram to assess the effect of different levels of seed treatments and nutrient schedule on the growth and yield of blackgram. The growth attributes, yield attributes and yield viz., number of pods per plant, seeds per pod, length of pod, 100 seed weight, grain yield, haulm yield and harvest index were favorably influenced by the treatments. Result: Seed treatment with borax @ 1 g kg-1 seed and sodium molybdate @ 1 g kg-1 seed were observed superior in increasing plant height (135.84 cm), number of trifoliate leaves per plant (7.61), pods per plant (24.16), length of pod (5.23 cm), 100 seed weight (6.74 g), grain yield (1005 kg ha-1) and harvest index (0.38). Significantly higher nodule number (41.83), effective nodule number (33.83) and weight of nodules (58.83 mg) plant-1 at flowering were documented with sodium molybdate @ 1 g kg-1 seed. In case of seeds per pod significantly higher number of pods per plant (7.33) was observed with borax @ 2 g kg-1 seed and maximum haulm yield (1854 kg ha-1) reported with sodium molybdate @ 1 g kg-1 seed. The basal application of ½ N + full P + ½ K followed by ½ N and ½ K as foliar spray of 13:0:45 at 15, 30, 45 and 60 DAS produced significantly more 100 seed weight (6.52 g), grain yield (872 kg ha-1) and haulm yield (1750 kg ha-1). Interaction effect of boron and molybdenum also showed significant influence with respect to yield attributes and yield.

Effect of sowing dates and nitrogen levels on total dry matter and its partitioning at different growth stages and yield of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Keerthi ◽  
R. K. Pannu ◽  
A. K. Dhaka
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Different Growth Stages

A field experiment was conducted during the winter (rabi) season of 2013-14 and 2014-15 at research farm Hisar, Haryana in a split plot design having four dates (Oct 15 and 25, Nov 5 and 15) in main plots and five nitrogen levels (0, 40, 60, 80 and 100 kg N/ha) in sub plots with three replications to study the effect of sowing dates and nitrogen levels on growth and yield of Indian mustard. Results revealed that October 15 sown crop resulted in significantly higher total plant biomass and its partitioning at different growth stages, yield attributes, yields and oil content. Delaying the sowing dates from October 15 to November 15 reduced seed yield by 39.3 percent. Among the nitrogen levels, application of 100 kg N/ha led to record higher total biomass and its partitioning at all growth stages and resulted in higher yield attributes and seed yield. Oil content decreased with increased levels of nitrogen.

Growth and yield of Cowpea [Vignaunguiculata (L.) Walp] as influenced by jeevamrutha and panchagavya application

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reshma Sutar ◽  
G. M. Sujith ◽  
N. Devakumar
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Different Levels

A field experiment was carried out during kharif 2015 at organic farming block of Research Institute on Organic Farming, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru to study the influence of different levels of jeevamrutha and panchagavya on growth, yield attributes and yield of cowpea in red sandy loam soil. The results revealed that application of jeevamrutha at 1000L ha-1 and panchagavya at 7.5% significantly influenced growth parameters like plant height, number of branches, number of leaves, leaf area and leaf area index. Interaction effect of jeevamrutha and panchagavya was significant in enhancing the grain yield of cowpea besides improvement in yield attributes like number of pods per plant, length of pods, pod weight, number of seeds per pod, seed weight per plant and 100 seed weight. Nodule characteristics – total and effective number of nodules as well fresh and dry weight of nodules was also significantly influenced by jeevamrutha and panchagavya application at different levels and also due to their interaction. Liquid organic formulations – jeevamrutha and panchagavya are effective in producing higher grain yield in cowpea.

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