scholarly journals The host spectrum of Dothistroma needle blight Mycosphaerella pini E. Rostrup – new hosts of Dothistroma needle blight observed in theCzech Republic

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 30-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bednářová ◽  
D. Palovčíková ◽  
L. Jankovský
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Pinus Ponderosa ◽  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Pinus Nigra ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Christmas Trees ◽  
Dothistroma Needle Blight ◽  
Pinus Aristata ◽  
Needle Blight

Dothistroma needle blight Mycosphaerella pini E. Rostrup and its anamorphic stage Dothistroma septospora (Dorog.) Morelet was detected for the first time in the territory of the Czech Republic in a consignment of imported plants of Austrian pine Pinus nigra Arnold in 1999. In 2000, it was also found on Pinus nigra in an open planting in a plantation of Christmas trees by the village of Jedovnice near Brno in South Moravia. In the Czech Republic, Dothi-stroma needle blight was identified on 13 species of pine. Pinus nigra Arnold and Pinus mugo Turra are the most frequent hosts. In addition to these species, Dothistroma needle blight was observed on Pinus ponderosa Douglas ex Lawson, Pinus jeffreyi Grev. et Balf, Pinus banksiana Lamb., Pinus contorta Douglas, Pinus rotundata Link, Pinus leucodermis Ant. and Pinus sylvestris L. Finds on Pinus aristata Engelm., Pinus rigida Mill., Pinus heldreichii H. Christ. and Pinus cembra L. var. sibirica (Du Tour) G. Don. are a certain rarity. These species are not mentioned anywhere as potential hosts of Dothistroma needle blight. As for the species of other genera Picea pungens Engelm., Picea abies L. Karst. and last but not least Picea schrenkiana Fisch. & C. A. Mey were also observed as hosts. The host range of Dothistroma needle blight recorded in papers is noted as well.

scholarly journals Dothistroma needle blight Mycosphaerella pini E. Rostrup, a new quarantine pathogen of pines in the CR

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 319-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Jankovský ◽  
M. Bednářová ◽  
D. Palovčíková
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Host Species ◽  
Pinus Nigra ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Picea Pungens ◽  
Quarantine Pathogen ◽  
Dothistroma Needle Blight ◽  
First Time ◽  
Needle Blight

Dothistroma needle blight caused by Mycosphaerella pini E. Rostrup was observed for the first time in the Czech Republic on an imported Pinus nigra Arnold in 1999. In 2000, it was also found in the open planting. During three years, it became an important pathogen of pines in the Czech Republic. Its occurrence was noticed in more than 50 localities, above all in the region of Moravia and Silesia and eastern Bohemia. In total, it was found on 10 species of pine (P. nigra Arnold, P.&nbsp;banksiana Lamb., <br />P. contorta Loudon, P. mugo Turra, P.&nbsp;leucodermis Ant., P. sylvestris L., P. cembra L., P. aristata Engelm., P.&nbsp;ponderosa P. et C.&nbsp;Lawson and P. jeffreyi Grev. et Balf.). Also Picea pungens &nbsp;Engelm. was noticed as a host species. In the Czech Republic, Pinus nigra is the most frequent host species of M. pini (80% localities) followed by Pinus mugo (27% localities). On Scots pine P. sylvestris, M. pini was noticed at two localities. The critical period for infection is in the Czech Republic from the second half of May until the end of June. The incubation period lasts about 2&ndash;4 months depending on climatic conditions. The first symptoms on the needles infected in the current year appear in August being clearly expressed from September to November.In the CR, Dothistroma needle blight spread probably with infected planting stock obtained from import at the end of the 80s and at the beginning of the 90s.

scholarly journals Picea pungens Engelm. – a new host of Dothistroma needle blight Mycosphaerella pini E. Rostrup detected in the Czech Republic

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 235-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Jankovský ◽  
D. Palovčíková ◽  
M. Bednářová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Pinus Nigra ◽  
Pine Needles ◽  
New Host ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Blue Spruce ◽  
Picea Pungens ◽  
Southern Moravia ◽  
Dothistroma Needle Blight ◽  
Needle Blight

Dothistroma needle blight Mycosphaerella pini is an important pathogen of pine needles. In addition to different species of pine, M. pini was found in blue spruce Picea pungens in the proximity of infected Pinus nigra in the region of southern Moravia about 20 km SE of Brno.

Stomiopeltis pinastri. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Minter
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Pinus Ponderosa ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Pinus Halepensis ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Pinus Nigra ◽  
Pinus Monticola ◽  
Pinus Caribaea ◽  
Pinus Roxburghii ◽  
Diagnostic Features

Abstract A description is provided for Stomiopeltis pinastri, which are found on dead pine needles. Details are given of its hosts (Cupressus abramsiana, Juniperus communis, Picea sp., Pinus brutia, Pinus caribaea, Pinus cembra, Pinus contorta, Pinus halepensis, Pinus montezumae, Pinus monticola, Pinus mugo, Pinus muricata, Pinus nigra, Pinus nigra var. austriaca, Pinus nigra var. maritime, Pinus pinaster, Pinus ponderosa, Pinus radiata, Pinus roxburghii, Pinus strobus, Pinus sylvestris, Pinus taeda, Pinus thunbergiana [Pinus thunbergii], Pinus wallichiana and Protium sp.), associated species, geographical distribution (Canada (British Columbia), USA (California, Georgia, New York, North Carolina, Tennessee and Washington), Brazil (Pernambuco), India (Himachal Pradesh and Jammu-Kashmir), Pakistan, Portugal (Azores), Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Irish Republic, Finland, France, Germany, UK, Greece, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, San Marino, Spain, Sweden and Switzerland), transmission, diagnostic features and conservation status.

The outbreak history of Dothistroma needle blight: an emerging forest disease in northwestern British Columbia, Canada

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (12) ◽  
pp. 2505-2519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cedar Welsh ◽  
Kathy Lewis ◽  
Alex Woods
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
Environmental Trigger ◽  
History Of ◽  
Current Outbreak ◽  
Dothistroma Needle Blight ◽  
Needle Blight

Native pathogens are normally limited in the damage they cause by host resistance and (or) environmental conditions that limit one or more phases of the disease cycle. Changes to host or environmental conditions can relax these limits and result in disease emergence. Until recently, Dothistroma needle blight (Dothistroma), caused by Dothistroma septosporum (Dorog.) Morelet, has had only minor impacts on native forest trees in western North America. Over the past decade in the forests of northwestern British Columbia, Canada, Dothistroma has caused extensive mortality in managed plantations of lodgepole pine ( Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud. var. latifolia Engelm.), and even mature pine trees are succumbing. We used dendrochronological techniques to reconstruct the temporal patterns of past Dothistroma outbreaks in the area using tree-ring series from sites with documented outbreaks. We found that Dothistroma outbreaks in northwest British Columbia have occurred periodically over the last 174 years, with an increase in outbreak incidence and extent since the 1940s. The most distinct change observed in the outbreak history has been the greater severity and synchrony among the sites affected during the current outbreak. A recently observed climate change trend over the study area may represent an environmental trigger that synchronized the current outbreak causing the widespread emergence of the disease.

scholarly journals Warmer and wetter might not be better

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 484-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.J. Woods
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Forest Health ◽  
Blister Rust ◽  
Host Trees ◽  
Host Pathogen ◽  
Primary Driver ◽  
Dothistroma Needle Blight ◽  
Dothistroma Septosporum ◽  
Needle Blight

As the climate continues to change, gaps in our understanding of how the altered environment will affect forest hosts and their pathogens widen. In some areas pathogens thought to be present for centuries are changing their behaviour. Dothistroma needle blight caused by the fungus Dothistroma septosporum in northwest British Columbia (BC), Canada, is a good example. In this area both the pathogen and the host, lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia), are considered native species, but here Dothistroma has been responsible for killing mature host trees, which is unprecedented. A plausible link between warmer, wetter summers and directional climate change has been suggested as the primary driver. Those environmental conditions appear to be affecting the host/pathogen relationship for other diseases in the neighbouring central interior of BC including comandra blister rust (Cronartium comandrae). Disrupted host/pathogen relationships tend to favour the short-lived more adaptable pathogens rather than their long-lived hosts. These changes in forest health have not been well accounted for in fields of forest science that have been built on stability and predictability.&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;

Tamarack (Pinaceae): previously unrecorded developmental host for pine engraver and southern pine engraver (Coleoptera: Scolytidae)

2002 ◽  
Vol 134 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamal J.K. Gandhi ◽  
Steven J. Seybold
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Pinus Ponderosa ◽  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Ips Pini ◽  
Usda Forest Service ◽  
Pine Engraver ◽  
Adult Insect ◽  
Pinus Coulteri

The pine engraver, Ips pini (Say), is broadly distributed across North America (Lanier 1972; Wood 1982; Seybold et al. 1995) with a host range that includes most species of Pinus L., and in rare cases, species of Picea A. Dietrich (both Pinaceae), within its range (Swaine 1918; Bright 1976; Wood 1982; Furniss and Carolin 1992). Ips pini has been recorded from Pinus banksiana Lamb., Pinus resinosa Ait., and Pinus strobus L. (eastern North America), and from three of four subspecies of Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loudon [P. c. contorta, P. c. latifolia (Engelm.) Critch., and P. c. murrayana (Balf.) Critch.], Pinus coulteri D. Don, Pinus jeffreyi Balf., Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex P. and C. Laws., and Pinus flexilis James (western North America) (Furniss and Carolin 1992; Seybold et al. 1995). Hopping (1964) reported I. pini on Picea rubens Sarg., Picea glauca (Moench) Voss, and Picea engelmannii Parry ex Engelm. The adult insect is intermediate in length relative to most Ips spp., ranging from 3.3 to 4.5 mm (Hopping 1964; Bright 1976; Wood 1982; USDA Forest Service 1985).

scholarly journals Molecular-Based Reappraisal of a Historical Record of Dothistroma Needle Blight in the Centre of the Mediterranean Region

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 983
Author(s):  
Chiara Aglietti ◽  
Alessandra Benigno ◽  
Edoardo Scali ◽  
Paolo Capretti ◽  
Luisa Ghelardini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Pinus Nigra ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Central Mediterranean ◽  
Monterey Pine ◽  
Dothistroma Needle Blight ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Needle Blight ◽  
Pine Species

In this work, we rechecked, using species-specific Loop mediated isothermal AMPlification (LAMP) diagnostic assays followed by sequencing of fungal isolates at the beta-2-tubulin (tub2) gene region, a historical and never confirmed report of Dothistroma needle blight (DNB) in the introduced Monterey pine (Pinus radiata D. Don) in the mountains in the extreme tip of southern Italy. The report dates back to the mid-1970s, and predates the molecular-based taxonomic revision of the genus Dothistroma that defined the species accepted today. In the fall of 2019, symptomatic needles of Monterey pine and Corsican pine (Pinus nigra subsp. laricio (Poir.) Palib. ex Maire) were sampled in the area of the first finding. The applied diagnostic methods revealed the presence of Dothistroma septosporum (Dorogin) M. Morelet on both pine species. In this way, we: (i) confirmed the presence of the disease; (ii) clarified the taxonomic identity of the causal agent now occurring at that site; (iii) validated the species-specific LAMP diagnostic protocol we recently developed for Dothistroma for use on a portable field instrument, and (iv) showed that the pathogen now also attacks the native P. nigra subsp. laricio, a species particularly susceptible to the disease, indigenous to the mountains of Calabria, which is one of the very few areas where the species’ genetic resources are conserved. Comparative genetic analysis of the rare populations of D. septosporum found in the central Mediterranean region and in the native range of P. nigra subsp. laricio could help to clarify the history of the spread of the pathogen in southern Europe and better evaluate the risk it poses to the conservation of native pine species.

scholarly journals Preference and Performance of the Pine-Tree Lappet Dendrolimus pini on Various Pine Species

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1261
Author(s):  
Adrian Łukowski ◽  
Marian J. Giertych ◽  
Dawid Adamczyk ◽  
Ewa Mąderek ◽  
Piotr Karolewski
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Ponderosa ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Pinus Nigra ◽  
Specific Response ◽  
Pine Tree ◽  
Important Pest ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Pine Species

Global commercial and recreational transport may lead to the unintentional invasion of insect species, which in turn may pose a threat to native organisms. In this study, we aimed to assess whether the economically important pest of Pinus sylvestris L., moth Dendrolimus pini L. (DP), is able to feed on nine other pine species, and how this will affect its survival, performance, growth, and development. We carried out food choice tests and a no-choice laboratory feeding experiment. We found that this insect mostly preferred its prime host, but also Pinus cembra L., Pinus contorta Douglas ex Loudon, Pinus nigra J.F.Arnold, and Pinus ponderosa Douglas ex C.Lawson. The performance test revealed a host-specific response of DP to the host plant. This response was manifested in a large variation in body mass as well as in a decrease or increase in life-history traits, such as fecundity, and wing morphology parameters. However, the larvae’s choice of particular hosts corresponded to the results of the performance test. Larvae more willingly selected food allowing better results in their performance. Larvae achieved better values of growth and development when fed on European and North American pine species or on species with two- and three-needle fascicles. In addition, attractants and repellents in needles of different pine species were chemically analyzed. Variations in the secondary metabolite composition as well as the specific leaf area of different pine species effectively explained the results found in the insects, but the content of sugars and nitrogen remains to be elucidated. We speculate that DP poses a serious threat to large areas of pine forests, if transferred, as it can survive and develop on many economically important tree species in North America and Europe.

scholarly journals Records of Brown spot needle blight related to Lecanosticta acicola in the Czech Republic

2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 16-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Jankovský ◽  
D. Palovčíková ◽  
M. Dvořák ◽  
M. Tomšovský
Keyword(s):  
Nature Conservation ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Brown Spot ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Lecanosticta Acicola ◽  
Needle Blight ◽  
South Bohemia ◽  
Brown Spot Needle Blight

There are two records of brown spot needle blight caused by <I>L. acicola</I> in the Czech Republic up to date. Disease was first reported on June 2007 in National Nature Reserve (NNR) Červená Blata, South Bohemia. A more recent discovery of <I>L. acicola</I> took place on August 2008 in the NNR Borkovická Blata. The disease was observed on 10-60 year old <I>Pinus rotundata</I>. Both locations with infected trees are situated inside nature conservation sites under strict protection regimes that are located approximately 50 km apart. In both sites, <I>L. acicola</I> occurred simultaneously with <I>Dothistroma septospora</I>, the red band needle blight causal agent on Scots pine (<I>Pinus sylvestris</I>), bog pine (<I>P. rotundata</I>) and their hybrid (<I>P. × digenea</I>). However, infections of both diseases on the same tree have not yet been observed.

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