scholarly journals Using leaf chlorophyll fluorescence for in-season diagnosing herbicide resistance in Echinochloa species at reproductive growth stage

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 194-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhang Chuan-Jie ◽  
Kim Do-Soon
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Fluorescence Measurement ◽  
Reproductive Growth ◽  
Herbicide Resistant ◽  
Fluorescence Measurements ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Plant Test ◽  
Statistical Similarity ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll Fluorescence

The chlorophyll fluorescence measurement to diagnose herbicide resistant Echinochloa species at the reproductive (late) growth stage was applied. The significant correlation between F<sub>v</sub>/F<sub>m</sub> (chlorophyll fluorescence measurements) and fresh weight (whole plant test) and the statistical similarity of R/S ratios between the two tests demonstrated that the chlorophyll fluorescence test could be reliably used to diagnose herbicide resistant Echinochloa spp. at the reproductive growth stage in a shorter period of time (within 10 days) compared with the conventional whole plant test.

scholarly journals Genetic Variations in Chlorophyll Fluorescence, Photosynthesis, and Carbon Partitioning into Sorbitol, Sucrose, and Starch in Apple Leaves

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 886D-886
Author(s):  
Zhongchun Wang ◽  
Bruno Quebedeaux
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Carbon Assimilation ◽  
Carbon Partitioning ◽  
Genetic Variations ◽  
Fluorescence Measurement ◽  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters ◽  
Photosynthetic Rates ◽  
Fluorescence Parameters ◽  
Fluorescence Measurements ◽  
Apple Leaves

Chlorophyll fluorescence measurements are providing insights into Photosystem II (PSII) quantum efficiency and hence are able to provide a good estimation of carbon assimilation under field conditions. A F2 generation of sibcross seedlings from a cross of `Goldspur' × `Redspur' were selected to identify genetic variations and the relationships among fluorescence parameters, carbon assimilation, and carbon partitioning in apple leaves. Mature leaves from extension shoots were analyzed for chlorophyll fluorescence with a CF-1000 chlorophyll fluorescence measurement system, photosynthetic rate with a LI-6200 portable photosynthesis system, and carbohydrates with a Shimadzu HPLC. Significant variations in leaf chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and photosynthetic rates were found. The ratio of Fv: Fm, an estimation of photochemical efficiency of PSII, decreased from ≈0.90 in June to ≈0.75 in September while the photosynthetic rates decreased from ≈8.5 in June to ≈4.5 μmol·m–2·s–l in September. The relationships between fluorescence parameters, photosynthesis, and carbohydrate partitioning were analyzed and the ratio of sorbitol to sucrose in relation to the efficiency of PSII and NADPH production will be discussed.

Spatial imaging reveals the pathways of Zn transport and accumulation during reproductive growth stage in almond plants

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruohan Xie ◽  
Jianqi Zhao ◽  
Lingli Lu ◽  
Judy Jernstedt ◽  
Jiansheng Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Stage ◽  
Reproductive Growth

scholarly journals Long-term field fertilization experiment with energy willow (Salix sp.) − Elemental composition and chlorophyll fluorescence in the leaves

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-103
Author(s):  
László Simon ◽  
Marianna Makádi ◽  
György Vincze ◽  
Zsuzsanna Uri ◽  
Katalin Irinyiné Oláh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Energy Crop ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Municipal Sewage Sludge ◽  
Fertilization Experiment ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Term Field

A small-plot long-term field fertilization experiment was set up in 2011 with willow (Salix triandra x Salix viminalis ’Inger’) grown as an energy crop in Nyíregyháza, Hungary. The brown forest soil was treated three times (in June 2011, May 2013, May 2016) with municipal biocompost (MBC), municipal sewage sludge compost (MSSC) or willow ash (WA), and twice (June 2011, May 2013) with rhyolite tuff (RT). In late May – early June 2016 urea (U) and sulphuric urea (SU) fertilizers were also applied to the soil as top-dressing (TD). These fertilizers and amendments were also applied to the soil in 2016 in the combinations; MBC+SU, RT+SU, WA+SU and MSSC+WA. All the treatments were repeated four times. In July 2016 the highest nitrogen concentrations in willow leaves were measured in the U (3.47 m/m%) and SU (3.01 m/m%) treatments, and these values were significantly higher than the control (2.46 m/m%). An excess of nitrogen considerably reduced the Zn uptake of the leaves, with values of 39.5 μg g-1 in the U treatment, 53.4 μg g-1 in the SU treatment, and 63.5 μg g-1 in the control. All other amendments or TDs, except for WA, enhanced the specific potassium concentrations in willow leaves compared to the control. No significant quantities of toxic elements (As, Ba, Cd, Pb) were transported from soil amendments or TDs to the willow leaves. In July 2016 the most intensive leaf chlorophyll fluorescence was observed in the MSSC and MSSC+WA treatments.

scholarly journals Corn Yield Loss Due to Volunteer Soybean

Weed Science ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 495-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill Alms ◽  
Sharon A. Clay ◽  
David Vos ◽  
Michael Moechnig
Keyword(s):  
Loss Function ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Herbicide Resistant ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Previous Season ◽  
Control Volunteer ◽  
Soybean Plants

The widespread adoption of glyphosate-resistant corn and soybean in cropping rotations often results in volunteer plants from the previous season becoming problem weeds that require alternative herbicides for control. Corn yield losses due to season-long volunteer soybean competition at several densities in two growing seasons were used to define a hyperbolic yield loss function. The maximum corn yield loss observed at high volunteer soybean densities was about 56%, whereas, the incremental yield loss (I) at low densities was 3.2%. Corn yield loss at low volunteer soybean densities was similar to losses reported for low densities of velvetleaf and redroot pigweed, with 10% yield loss estimated to occur at 3 to 4 volunteer soybean plants m−2. Several herbicides, including dicamba with or without diflufenzopyr applied at the V2 growth stage of volunteer soybean, provided > 90% control, demonstrating several economical options to control volunteer glyphosate-resistant soybean in glyphosate-resistant corn. Reevaluation of control recommendations may be needed with commercialization of other genetically modified herbicide-resistant soybean varieties.

Leaf chlorophyll fluorescence discriminates herbicide resistance inEchinochloaspecies

Weed Research ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 424-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
C J Zhang ◽  
S H Lim ◽  
J W Kim ◽  
G Nah ◽  
A Fischer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Herbicide Resistance ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll Fluorescence

Fluctuation of 20-hydroxyecdysone in individual organs of Achyranthes japonica during reproductive growth stage and its accumulation into seed

2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyung Hwan Boo ◽  
Doseung Lee ◽  
Quyen Van Nguyen ◽  
Seong Beom Jin ◽  
Seungtae Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Stage ◽  
Reproductive Growth ◽  
Achyranthes Japonica

scholarly journals The RESPONSE OF SUGARCANE GENOTYPES SUBJECTED TO SALINITY STRESS AT DIFFERENT GROWTH PHASES

2019 ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
C. Brindha, S. Vasantha, R. Arunkumar
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Growth Phases ◽  
Salt Treatment ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Yield Parameters ◽  
Crop Cycle ◽  
Yield Responses

 A few commercial sugarcane genotypes were subjected to salinity stress at various growth phases of sugarcane to ascertain the critical growth stage for salinity stress and to assess the response of the genotypes. All the data were recorded and analysed during maturity phase. The salt treatments drastically reduced SPAD chlorophyll, chlorophyll fluorescence, RWC, stalk height, weight and other yield parameters in a few genotypes during T2 (salt treatment given during formative phase) & T5 (salt treatment given throughout crop cycle) but a few genotypes which are tolerant towards salt stress gave better results comparing other genotypes. The ions like sodium, potassium and chloride were analysed in the juice which showed higher elevation in the genotype Co 97010. Among the genotypes, Co 85019 and Co 99004 recorded significantly prime compared to rest of the genotypes. Treatment throughout the growth phases (T5) followed by stress at formative phase (T2) were found to be critical for growth, physiological and yield responses in all the genotypes.

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