Histopathology of the lymphatic system in ascitic broilers

Histomorphologic changes of the lymphatic system of the liver and thoracic duct were examined. The diameters of lymphatic segments isolated from the thoracic ducts of ascitic and normal broilers at 32 to 37 days of age were measured using an optical micrometer measurement system. e histopathological picture of the segments of lymphatic tissue showed lymphatic cysts bilaterally along the posterior vena cava. The hepatic capsule manifested edema, thickening, and cellular proliferation. Microscopic changes in lymphatic vessels of the hepatic capsule include lymph embolism, and lymphatic plasma retention in lymphatic cysts. In some cases, distended lymphatic vessels exhibited protuberances, and lymph leaked from the lymphatic cysts into the surrounding swollen and degenerated endothelial cells of the thoracic duct. Sometimes, extensive endothelial cell loss was observed, and their exfoliated fragments were also seen. Marked dilatation of thoracic duct and lymph embolism, leaking of lymph, edema in some fibers and the enlargement of spaces between fibers, swollen intimas, and rupture and bleeding of the thoracic duct were also visible. The thoracic duct’s long and short semi-axis, and the cross sectional area of the thoracic duct differed significantly between normal and ascitic broilers.

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The surgical anatomy and clinical relevance of the neglected right lymphatic duct: review

The Journal of Laryngology & Otology ◽

10.1017/s0022215112002939 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 127 (2) ◽

pp. 128-133 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

M E Smith ◽

F Riffat ◽

P Jani

Keyword(s):

Thoracic Duct ◽

Clinical Relevance ◽

Lymphatic System ◽

Lymphatic Vessels ◽

Neck Surgery ◽

Surgical Anatomy ◽

Lymphatic Duct ◽

Cervical Surgery ◽

Extreme Variability ◽

Chyle Fistula

AbstractBackground:The major lymphatic vessels may be damaged during neck dissection or other cervical surgery, resulting in chyloma or chyle fistula. While commonly considered to be predominantly a complication of left-sided surgery, the thoracic duct may be damaged on either side of the neck due to the extreme variability in the anatomy of the central lymphatic system.Method and results:This paper reviews the variable anatomy and embryology of the thoracic and right lymphatic ducts, particularly aspects relevant to head and neck surgery.

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Smooth Muscle Proliferation in Chronically Injured Canine Pulmonary Arteries Is Reduced by a Potent Platelet Aggregation Inhibitor U-53,059

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1661313 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 53 (03) ◽

pp. 351-355 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Robert G Schaub ◽

James C Keith ◽

Carol A Simmons ◽

Clarence A Rawlings

Keyword(s):

Smooth Muscle ◽

Platelet Aggregation ◽

Dirofilaria Immitis ◽

Leukocyte Adhesion ◽

Pulmonary Arteries ◽

Cell Loss ◽

Endothelial Cell Loss ◽

Dense Granules ◽

Smooth Muscle Proliferation ◽

Aggregation Inhibitor

Summary Dirofilaria immitis (DI) infection chronically injures canine pulmonary arteries. This injury produces endothelial cell loss, platelet/leukocyte adhesion, and smooth muscle proliferation. In the present study we assessed the effect of the cyclooxygenase inhibitor, U-53,059, on platelet function, platelet kinetics, coagulation, and smooth muscle proliferation in DI infected dogs.Platelet aggregation to the combination of arachidonic acid/ ADP was significantly inhibited by U-53,059. Coagulation and hematologic parameters were not effected by either DI infection or U-53,059 treatment. Platelet survival and the number of platelet dense granules were reduced in DI infection. Quantification of the lesions demonstrated that U-53,059 reduced both severity and density compared to non-treated dogs. U-53,059 is a potent and effective inhibitor of platelet aggregation which modifies smooth muscle proliferation produced by chronic vascular injury.

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Infrared fluorescence lymphography in experimental and clinical practice

Regional blood circulation and microcirculation ◽

10.24884/1682-6655-2018-17-2-84-91 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 84-91 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

G. V. Papayan ◽

A. L. Akopov ◽

P. A. Antonyan ◽

A. A. Ilin ◽

N. N. Petrishchev

Keyword(s):

Lymph Nodes ◽

Near Infrared ◽

Lymphatic System ◽

Lymphatic Vessels ◽

Diagnostic System ◽

Biological Tissues ◽

Peritumoral Injection ◽

Intradermal Administration ◽

Nir Fluorescence ◽

Real Time Visualization

Introduction. Near infrared (NIR) fluorescent diagnostics is promising due to a deeper penetration into biological tissues. Material and methods. In experiments on rabbits and in clinical studies evaluation the lymphatic system with the use of the instrument complex FLUM-808 was analysed. Results. For visualization of the lymphatic vessels of the skin, the intradermal administration of ICG, dissolved in 20 % albumin in the order of 0.02 mg/ml, is optimal. Peritumoral injection of ICG allows visualizing sentinel lymph nodes in patients with lung cancer. Conclusions. The developed NIR fluorescence diagnostic system FLUM-808 allows to real time visualization of lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes.

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Influence of rebubbling on anterior segment parameters and refractive outcomes in eyes with DMEK for Fuchs endothelial dystrophy

Graefe s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology ◽

10.1007/s00417-021-05114-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Bishr Agha ◽

Raimund Forster ◽

Thomas Kohnen ◽

Ingo Schmack

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Endothelial Cell ◽

Anterior Segment ◽

Cell Loss ◽

Endothelial Cell Loss ◽

Refractive Outcome ◽

Refractive Outcomes ◽

Scheimpflug Imaging ◽

Fuchs Endothelial Dystrophy ◽

Anterior Segment Parameters

Abstract Purpose To evaluate the potential impact of rebubbling on the anterior segment parameters and refractive outcomes in patients with graft detachment following uneventful DMEK for Fuchs endothelial dystrophy (FED). Methods Retrospective institutional cohort study of comparing 34 eyes of 31 patients with rebubbling for graft detachment following Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) to 33 eyes of 28 patients with uneventful DMEK. Main outcome parameters were various corneal parameters obtained by Scheimpflug imaging, refractive outcome, corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), and endothelial cell density (ECD). Results Anterior and posterior corneal astigmatism, corneal densitometry, central corneal thickness, and anterior chamber depth and volume showed no significant differences. Preoperative distribution of astigmatism axis orientations showed a high proportion of anterior corneal with-the-rule astigmatism (71%) in eyes requiring rebubbling. Mean postoperative cylinder in the rebubbling group (1.21 ± 0.85 D) was significantly higher compared to the controls (p = 0.04), while differences in spherical equivalent (SE) were insignificant (p = 0.24). Postoperative CDVA was 0.11 ± 0.11 in the control group compared to 0.21 ± 0.17 in the rebubbling group (p = 0.03). Eyes with subsequent rebubbling demonstrated a significantly higher endothelial cell loss (56% versus 37%) (p < 0.001). Conclusion Apart from higher cylinder values, refractive outcome and corneal parameters assessed by Scheimpflug imaging were comparable in eyes with rebubbling and controls. However, a reduced visual acuity and an increased endothelial cell loss should be taken into consideration prior to rebubbling especially in eyes with circumscribed graft detachment.

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Comparison of Long-Term Outcomes of the Lamellar and Penetrating Keratoplasty Approaches in Patients with Keratoconus

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10112421 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 2421

Author(s):

Dominika Janiszewska-Bil ◽

Barbara Czarnota-Nowakowska ◽

Katarzyna Krysik ◽

Anita Lyssek-Boroń ◽

Dariusz Dobrowolski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Endothelial Cell ◽

Adverse Events ◽

Penetrating Keratoplasty ◽

Corneal Thickness ◽

Cell Loss ◽

Lamellar Keratoplasty ◽

Deep Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty ◽

Endothelial Cell Loss ◽

Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty ◽

Significant Difference

We compared the visual and refractive outcomes, intraocular pressure (IOP), endothelial cell loss (ECL), and adverse events in keratoconus patients after deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) and penetrating keratoplasty (PK) with the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) below 0.3 (logMAR 0.52). This is a prospective, comparative cohort study of 90 eyes (90 patients) with a clinical diagnosis of keratoconus. Patients underwent a complete eye examination before the surgical approach, 6 and 12 months postoperatively that consisted of BCVA, refractive astigmatism (AS), central corneal thickness (CCT), IOP, and ECL. Secondary outcomes were adverse events related to the surgical procedure. With lower ECL and less adverse events, DALK was revealed to be beneficial over PK with similar visual outcomes. Results: There was no significant difference between the BCVA in the DALK and PK groups (at 6 months: 0.49 ± 0.17 vs. 0.48 ± 0.17; p = 0.48; at 12 months: 0.54 ± 0.17 vs. 0.52 ± 0.14; p = 0.41). The mean value of AS was significantly lower after the PK procedure when compared to DALK, after both 6 and 12 months of follow up (p < 0.001). The CCT in the DALK group was significantly lower when compared to the PK group (at 6 months: 452.1 ± 89.1 µm vs. 528.9 ± 69.9 µm, p < 0.0001; at 12 months: 451.6 ± 83.5 µm vs. 525.5 ± 37.1 µm). The endothelial cell loss at 12 months after surgery was significantly lower after DALK when compared to PK (p < 0.0001). DALK transplantation should be considered as an alternative procedure in the surgical treatment of keratoconus.

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Use of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging Based Measurements of Inferior Vena Cava Cross-Sectional Area in the Diagnosis of Pericardial Constriction

Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal ◽

10.1016/j.carj.2014.12.007 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 66 (3) ◽

pp. 231-237 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Kate Hanneman ◽

Paaladinesh Thavendiranathan ◽

Elsie T. Nguyen ◽

Hadas Moshonov ◽

Rachel Wald ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Cardiac Magnetic Resonance ◽

Inferior Vena ◽

Vena Cava ◽

Area Ratio ◽

Cross Sectional Area ◽

Sectional Area ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Aortic Area

Purpose To evaluate the value of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)–based measurements of inferior vena cava (IVC) cross-sectional area in the diagnosis of pericardial constriction. Methods Patients who had undergone cardiac MRI for evaluation of clinically suspected pericardial constriction were identified retrospectively. The diagnosis of pericardial constriction was established by clinical history, echocardiography, cardiac catheterization, intraoperative findings, and/or histopathology. Cross-sectional areas of the suprahepatic IVC and descending aorta were measured on a single axial steady-state free-precession (SSFP) image at the level of the esophageal hiatus in end-systole. Logistic regression and receiver-operating curve (ROC) analyses were performed. Results Thirty-six patients were included; 50% (n = 18) had pericardial constriction. Mean age was 53.9 ± 15.3 years, and 72% (n = 26) were male. IVC area, ratio of IVC to aortic area, pericardial thickness, and presence of respirophasic septal shift were all significantly different between patients with constriction and those without ( P < .001 for all). IVC to aortic area ratio had the highest odds ratio for the prediction of constriction (1070, 95% confidence interval [8.0-143051], P = .005). ROC analysis illustrated that IVC to aortic area ratio discriminated between those with and without constriction with an area under the curve of 0.96 (95% confidence interval [0.91-1.00]). Conclusions In patients referred for cardiac MRI assessment of suspected pericardial constriction, measurement of suprahepatic IVC cross-sectional area may be useful in confirming the diagnosis of constriction when used in combination with other imaging findings, including pericardial thickness and respirophasic septal shift.

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Leiomyosarcomas of the inferior vena cava: diagnostic features on cross-sectional imaging

Clinical Radiology ◽

10.1016/j.crad.2010.08.004 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 66 (1) ◽

pp. 50-56 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

S. Ganeshalingam ◽

G. Rajeswaran ◽

R.L. Jones ◽

K. Thway ◽

E. Moskovic

Keyword(s):

Inferior Vena Cava ◽

Inferior Vena ◽

Vena Cava ◽

Diagnostic Features ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cross Sectional Imaging ◽

Sectional Imaging

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Endothelial cell density change in fully dislocated XEN Gel IMPLANT after trabeculectomy: A case report

European Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1177/1120672121989632 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 112067212198963

Author(s):

Martina Menchini ◽

Francesco Sartini ◽

Filippo Tatti ◽

Enrico Peiretti ◽

Michele Figus

Keyword(s):

Endothelial Cell ◽

Anterior Chamber ◽

Cell Density ◽

Cell Loss ◽

Endothelial Cell Density ◽

Endothelial Cell Loss ◽

Density Reduction ◽

History Of ◽

Cell Loss Rate

Purpose: To report a case of fully dislocated XEN Gel Implant device into the anterior chamber, 18 months after its implantation and its impact on endothelial cell density. Result: A 75-year-old man with a history of multiple glaucoma surgeries during the last three years presented with an entirely dislocated XEN Gel implant into the anterior chamber. An endothelial cell density reduction was observed over 18 months. Thus, the implant was removed. In the short-term after surgery, the endothelial cell loss rate reduced. Conclusion: XEN Gel Implant can dislocate into the anterior chamber, increasing endothelial cell loss in an eye already underwent multiple surgical procedures with subsequent adverse events. Therefore, if the implant seems displaced, the endothelial cell density should be monitored, and the length of the free-tube segment within the anterior chamber should be measured, during the patient’s follow-up.

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