scholarly journals Evaluation of ElecTIS bioreactor for the micropropagation of Malus sylvestris (L.) Mill., an important autochthonous species of Albania

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 12-21
Author(s):  
Valbona Sota ◽  
Carla Benelli ◽  
Brunilda Ҫuko ◽  
Elektra Papakosta ◽  
Claudio Depaoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Temporary Immersion System ◽  
Semisolid Medium ◽  
Temporary Immersion ◽  
Malus Sylvestris ◽  
Lateral Buds ◽  
Autochthonous Species

Malus sylvestris (L.) Mill., an economically-important fruit tree, is native to Albania and in many parts of Europe. It is cultivated as an ornamental tree, while its fruits are collected for food and a source of antioxidant substances. It is included in The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. For these reasons, it is very important to optimise a micropropagation protocol, in order to obtain great numbers of clonal plantlets for ex situ conservation and production purposes. A liquid culture in a temporary immersion system (TIS) is a recently-proposed system for large-scale in vitro plant propagation. In this study, lateral buds of M. sylvestris were inoculated in MS medium with BAP (1 mg/L) and NAA (0.1 mg/L). In order to avoid oxidative stress, different antioxidants were previously tested with the culture in a gelled medium, and the combination of ascorbic acid and citric acid (both at 100 mg/L) was selected for the following culture in TIS. Stabilised explants were then cultivated in ElecTIS, an innovative TIS bioreactor, and in a semisolid medium, after which the two culture systems were evaluated. Overall, the ElecTIS showed to be more effective for all the tested parameters.

scholarly journals In Vitro Propagation of Rheophytic Orchid, Epipactis flava Seidenf.—A Comparison of Semi-Solid, Continuous Immersion and Temporary Immersion Systems

Biology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Boworn Kunakhonnuruk ◽  
Phithak Inthima ◽  
Anupan Kongbangkerd
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Temporary Immersion System ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
Temporary Immersion ◽  
Shoot Buds ◽  
Semi Solid

Epipactis flava Seidenf. is an endangered Thai rheophytic orchid that has recently shown a rapid decrease in its natural habitat, prompting an urgent need for conservation using ex situ reintroduction methods. Temporary immersion system (TIS) has been successfully applied for large-scale propagation in various plants species. Propagation efficiency of E. flava using TIS was investigated and compared with conventional semi-solid system (SSS) and liquid continuous immersion system (CIS). The highest percentage of new shoot and shoot bud formation was obtained from TIS, followed by CIS and SSS, respectively. Growth parameters as indicated by number of new shoots, shoot buds, shoot height and leaves per explant were significantly higher using TIS than with SSS and CIS. Moreover, the maximum number of new shoots and shoot buds per replication were reliably obtained from TIS higher than SSS and CIS. After acclimatization, the highest survival percentage of plantlets was observed in TIS (76.7%), with 60% surviving after eight weeks of transplantation in artificial stream. TIS was determined as the most suitable culture system for in vitro mass propagation of E. flava compared to CIS and SSS.

scholarly journals Micropropagation of Agapanthus umbellatus var. minor by using two systems of multiplication

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 2923
Author(s):  
Luciana Alves Fogaça ◽  
Enio Luiz Pedrotti ◽  
Antonio Carlos Alves
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Temporary Immersion System ◽  
Temporary Immersion ◽  
Multiplication Process ◽  
Two Systems ◽  
Efficient Alternative ◽  
Agapanthus Umbellatus ◽  
The Cost

For conventional micropropagation methods, semisolidified medium (SM) is used; the use of this medium requires intense manipulation of the cultures and skilled labor. Systems that use liquid medium show equal or better efficiency of the multiplication process, besides reducing the cost for the elimination of agar. In this study, we evaluated the mass propagation of Agapanthus umbellatus var. minor two in vitro multiplication systems (SM system and temporary immersion system [SIT]). The plant material was grown in MS medium supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA; 0.0, 8.9, 17.8, and 35.6 ?M). The data obtained in this study demonstrate that the two systems used were efficient for the multiplication phase of this species. However, we recommend SIT in view of its reuse in the process of multiplication and rooting. Moreover, simple construction, low cost of the culture medium, and low cost of the bioreactors and the fact that agar is not required qualify this system as an efficient alternative for large-scale micropropagation of Agapanthus umbellatus var. minor. We recommend 17.8 ?M 6-BA for the SM system and 8.9 ?M 6-BA for SIT.

scholarly journals In Vitro Propagation of Easter Island Curcuma longa from Rhizome Explants Using Temporary Immersion System

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2121
Author(s):  
María José Marchant ◽  
Paula Molina ◽  
Miriam Montecinos ◽  
Leda Guzmán ◽  
Cristobal Balada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Rapa Nui ◽  
Temporary Immersion System ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Temporary Immersion ◽  
Large Scale Cultivation

Curcuma longa (C. longa) is widely known for its medicinal properties. However, the potential overexploitation of this plant raises doubts about its long-term survival on Rapa Nui. Micropropagation using a temporary immersion system (TIS) could be the basis for developing a cost-effective and highly productive method of large-scale cultivation of this plant. Our objective was to develop and refine the in vitro multiplication system for mass propagation of C. longa, and thus help restore the fragile ecosystem of Rapa Nui. Three parameters were evaluated: number of explants per flask, flask capacity, and LEDs spectrum. For each parameter evaluated, four aspects were analyzed: fresh weight per plant, number of shoots, percentage of non-sprouting explants, and the proliferation rate. The use of 30 explants per two-liter flask results in more plants with high fresh biomass than other configurations. In addition, LEDs with a red:blue ratio of 2:1 provided the best lighting conditions for in vitro propagation and positively affected C. longa proliferation and rooting. Therefore, our results show that 30 explants per two-liter flask and an LED source with a red:blue ratio of 2:1 allow a higher number of C. longa plants to be obtained using TIS.

scholarly journals In Vitro Culture of Rosmarinus officinalis L. in a Temporary Immersion System: Influence of Two Phytohormones on Plant Growth and Carnosol Production

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 747
Author(s):  
Eder Villegas Sánchez ◽  
Mariana Macías-Alonso ◽  
Soraya Osegueda Robles ◽  
Lisset Herrera-Isidrón ◽  
Hector Nuñez-Palenius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis ◽  
Wild Plant ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Phase System ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Temporary Immersion System ◽  
Temporary Immersion

Emerging infectious diseases have become a major global problem with public health and economic consequences. It is an urgent need to develop new anti-infective therapies. The natural diterpene carnosol exhibit a wide variety of interesting antibacterial and antiviral properties, and it is considered a theoretical inhibitor of COVID-19 Mpro. However, this compound is present in the family Lamiaceae in low quantities. To obtain carnosol in concentrations high enough to develop pharmacological studies, we evaluated the efficiency of a micropropagation protocol of Rosmarinus officinalis using a solid medium and a temporary immersion system (TIS), as well as the effect of 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BAP) and α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) on the growth of shoots. Moreover, we developed and validated an analytical method to quantify carnosol using the H-point standard additions method in the high-performance liquid chromatography diode array detector (HPLC-DAD). After 30 days of culture, TIS produced the maximum number of shoots per explant (24.33 ± 1.15) on a liquid medium supplemented with 6-BAP at 5.0 mg L−1. Next, we also evaluated the effect of immersion time and frequency for TIS. After 72 days of culture, the best results were obtained with an immersion cycle of 1 min every 12 h, yielding 170.33 ± 29.40 shoots. The quantification of carnosol on the samples was performed at a flow rate of 1.2 mL min−1 using binary isocratic mobile phase system 60:40 (v/v) 10 mM formic acid (pH 3.0) (A) and acetonitrile (B) on a reverse-phase column. The content of carnosol in the in vitro cultures was around 8-fold higher than in the wild plant. The present study represents an efficient alternative method to obtain carnosol for its pre-clinical and clinical development.

scholarly journals The Effect of Sucrose Supplementation on the Micropropagation of Salix viminalis L. Shoots in Semisolid Medium and Temporary Immersion Bioreactors

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1408
Author(s):  
Diego Gago ◽  
Saladina Vilavert ◽  
María Ángeles Bernal ◽  
Conchi Sánchez ◽  
Anxela Aldrey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Culture System ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Sucrose Concentration ◽  
Co2 Enrichment ◽  
High Light Intensity ◽  
High Light ◽  
Axillary Shoots ◽  
Semisolid Medium ◽  
Temporary Immersion

The effect of sucrose concentration on the micropropagation of axillary shoots of willow was investigated. The following factors were examined: the culture system (semisolid medium in glass jars versus liquid medium in temporary immersion bioreactors), the type of explant (apical and basal sections), the frequency of immersion, and CO2 enrichment. Shoots and leaf growth were significantly higher in RITA® bioreactors than in the jars for all the sucrose treatments. Apical or basal sections of willow cultured in bioreactors under high light intensity (150 µmol m−2 s−1) and ventilated six times a day with CO2-enriched air were successfully proliferated without sucrose, whereas shoots cultured in jars did not proliferate well if sucrose concentration was 0.5% or lower. More roots were formed when sucrose was added to the medium. Shoots cultured in bioreactors were successfully acclimatized irrespective of the sucrose treatment and the root biomass when transferred to ex vitro conditions. This is the first report of photoautotrophic willow micropropagation, our results confirm the importance of proper gaseous exchange to attain autotrophy during in vitro propagation.

scholarly journals Improved Conservation of Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) Germplasm via Micropropagation and Cryopreservation

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1861
Author(s):  
Yanelis Castilla Valdés ◽  
Mukund R. Shukla ◽  
María Esther González Vega ◽  
Praveen K. Saxena
Keyword(s):  
Coffea Arabica ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Zygotic Embryos ◽  
Agricultural Crop ◽  
Temporary Immersion ◽  
Droplet Vitrification ◽  
Coffea Arabica L

Coffee (Coffea spp.) is an important tropical agricultural crop that has significant economic and social importance in the world. The ex situ conservation of plant genetic resources through seeds is not feasible due to the sensitivity of coffee seed to desiccation and low temperatures. The cryopreservation of zygotic embryos may allow for an efficient and long-term storage of coffee germplasm. This study describes the cryopreservation methods for conserving zygotic embryos of Coffea arabica L. for the long-term conservation of currently available germplasm. Zygotic embryos were successfully cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen at −196 °C under controlled environmental conditions with either droplet-vitrification or encapsulation–vitrification protocols without dehydration. Zygotic embryos had the highest regrowth (100%) following droplet-vitrification cryopreservation using the Plant Vitrification Solution 3 (PVS3) for 40 min at 23 °C. In the case of encapsulation–vitrification using PVS3 for 40 min at 23 °C, the embryo regeneration response was 78%. Plantlets were recovered following shoot multiplication using a temporary immersion system (TIS) and in vitro rooting. The prolific rooting of shoots was observed after 4 weeks of culture in the liquid medium with plugs made of the inert substrate Oasis® In vitro Express (IVE) compared to the semi-solid medium. The successful cryopreservation of coffee zygotic embryos using droplet vitrification and encapsulation–vitrification followed by micropropagation in temporary immersion culture system has not been reported earlier and together these technologies are anticipated to further facilitate the initiatives for the conservation and distribution of coffee germplasm.

scholarly journals The decline and conservation management of the threatened endemic palms of the Mascarene Islands

Oryx ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mike Maunder ◽  
Wayne Page ◽  
John Mauremootoo ◽  
Richard Payendee ◽  
Yousoof Mungroo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Conservation Management ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Population Fragmentation ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Mascarene Islands

Abstract The conservation status of the five genera and 11 species of palm endemic to the Mascarene Islands (Mauritius, La Réunion and Rodriques) are reviewed. All species are threatened with extinction; nine taxa are classified as Critically Endangered and four as Endangered on the 2000 IUCN Red List. Two taxa survive as single wild specimens (Hyophorbe amaricaulis and Dictyosperma album var. conjugatum); an additional seven taxa have wild populations of 100 or fewer. Although the historical phase of large-scale forest clearance has passed, the remaining palm populations in the Mascarenes are under threat from the effects of population fragmentation, invasive plants and animals, and high levels of seed predation that prevent natural regeneration. The advantages of in situ management for the recovery of these palm populations are discussed. Without a long-term conservation programme, utilising both in situ and ex situ management, extinction of wild populations will occur.

scholarly journals Mikropropagasi planlet tebu menggunakan sistem perendaman sesaat (SPS) Micropropagation of sugarcane plantlets using temporary immersion system (TIS)

2016 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayati MINARSIH ◽  
Imron RIYADI ◽  
. SUMARYONO ◽  
Asmini BUDIANI
Keyword(s):  
Solid Medium ◽  
Temporary Immersion System ◽  
Production Scale ◽  
Temporary Immersion ◽  
Biotechnology Research ◽  
Plantlet Production ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
National Production ◽  
Planting Materials

bstractTo achieve Indonesian sugar self-sufficiency in2014, the national production needs to be escalatedthrough land extensification that requires a largenumbers of cane planting materials. This can be achievedby mass propagation of sugarcane through in vitroculture. Solid medium is commonly used for callusproliferation in sugarcane tissue culture. However, solidmedium is considered inefficient in terms of plantletproduction level, labour and space. The use of liquidmedium may solve the problem by allowing automationto increase plantlet production scale and uniformity.Temporary immersion system (TIS) is based on a shortperiodic immersion of explants in a liquid medium for aspecific frequency and duration. Research on in vitromass propagation of sugarcane using TIS was conductedat the Indonesian Biotechnology Research Institute forEstate Crops. Callus initiated from immature unfoldedleaves of PSJT 941 and PS 881 was cultured on liquidMS medium in TIS with different frequencies (12 and24 h) and durations (1 and 3 min) of immersion. Eachtreatment was replicated three times. The callus biomassof two elite cane varieties (PSJT 941 and PS 881)cultured in TIS for six weeks was higher (2 – 4 times fold)than that of on solid medium. The PSJT 941 varietyreached the highest calli biomass with immersion forthree min every 24 h. However, PS 881 variety reachedits highest biomass with immersion for one minute every24 h. The propagation of sugarcane using TIS culturewas proven to produce higher calli biomass up to fourfolds and to form more numbers and uniform shootscompared to the solid medium culture. The callus wassuccesfully regenerated to shoots and plantlets.AbstrakUntuk mencapai swasembada gula, perlu dilakukanpeningkatan produksi gula nasional melalui perluasanareal pertanaman tebu sehingga diperlukan bibit dalamjumlah besar. Hal tersebut dapat diatasi antara laindengan perbanyakan tebu melalui kultur in vitro. Peng-gunaan medium padat pada perbanyakan kalus tebumelalui kultur in vitro merupakan teknik yang umumdigunakan saat ini. Akan tetapi penggunaan mediumpadat dianggap kurang efisien dalam hal jumlah planletyang diproduksi, tenaga kerja dan ruang digunakan.Penggunaan medium cair dapat mengatasi kelemahantersebut dengan dimungkinkannya otomatisasi sehinggadapat meningkatkan skala produksi secara massal dankeseragaman planlet. Sistem perendaman sesaat (SPS)merupakan teknik kultur in vitro dalam medium cairmenggunakan bejana bersekat dimana kontak antaraeksplan dan medium terjadi hanya secara sesaat danperiodik. Penelitian perbanyakan massal bibit tebumelalui SPS dilakukan di Balai Penelitian BioteknologiPerkebunan Indonesia. Kalus diinisiasi dari daun meng-gulung varietas PSJT 941 dan PS 881 yang ditumbuhkanpada media MS cair dalam kultur SPS dengan frekuensiyang berbeda (12 dan 24 jam) dan lama perendaman (1dan 3 menit). Setiap perlakuan diulang tiga kali. Bobotbasah (biomassa) kalus dari dua varietas tebu (PSJT 941dan PS 881) yang ditumbuhkan dengan metode SPSsetelah enam minggu menunjukkan pening-katan yanglebih tinggi yaitu antara 2 - 4 kali lipat dibandingkandengan kontrol (media padat). Peningkatan biomassatertinggi pada varietas PSJT 941 diperoleh pada per-lakuan SPS dengan interval perendaman 24 jam dan lamaperendaman tiga menit. Sedangkan pada PS 881,peningkatan tertinggi biomassa diperoleh pada intervalperendaman 24 jam dan lama perendaman satu menit.Perbanyakan dengan metode SPS terbukti dapat mening-katkan biomassa kalus lebih dari empat kali lipat danpembentukan tunas yang lebih seragam dibandingkandengan pada media padat. Kalus yang dihasilkan dapatdiregenerasikan menjadi tunas dan planlet.

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