scholarly journals Sanitary sewage

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isadora Vitali Lobo ◽  
Juliana Heloisa Pinê Américo-Pinheiro
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Contaminants ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Domestic Sewage ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plants ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Treatment And Disposal ◽  
Domestic Effluent ◽  
Research Period ◽  
Selection Of

The treatment and disposal of domestic sewage is one of Brazil's main challenges. Sewage composition varies with the habits of the population and the frequency with which new contaminants are released into the environment. This study is a bibliographical review of the main aspects related to the characterization and composition of sanitary sewage, types of sewage treatment systems and pertinent legislation; and toxicity of domestic effluents. The review was based on publications available on Science Direct, Google Scholar and Scielo, as well as on printed publications, relevant legislation, and normative instructions. The research period adopted for the selection of publications was from 2005 to 2021. We found out that, in addition to the levels of organic matter from domestic sewage, residues from products used in daily life, such as pharmaceuticals and cleaning products, can be found in effluents in concentrations harmful to the environment. Often, the types of treatment used in municipal sewage treatment plants do not efficiently remove these contaminants. Thus, even if sewage is treated to meet the limits required for the physical-chemical and biological parameters established by law, domestic effluent can present a high potential for toxicity to various aquatic species such as microcrustaceans, mollusks and fish. Thus, ecotoxicological analyses represent a remarkable mechanism for indicating the efficiency of removal of emerging contaminants present in treated sanitary effluent, in addition to indicating the deleterious effects caused by these residues to the environment and ecosystems associated with the receiving water body.

scholarly journals Accessibility of Sewage Treatment Plants - Benefits and Limitations Associated with Their Location Requirements

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 05005
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Wójtowicz-Wróbel
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plants ◽  
Specific Location ◽  
Developing Cities ◽  
Selection Of

Due to their specifics, municipal sewage treatment plants have highly specific location requirements. It is, without a doubt, a limitation in relation to the possibility of using these types of plants within an urban structure. On the other hand, in modern, intensively developing cities and the more and more intense incorporation of external areas into - sensu stricto - urban tissue, accessibility and a potentially attractive riverside location create new opportunities. They support new technological solutions that lessen the possible negative impact of such structures. The goal of this article is to highlight which characteristics related to location and other factors are responsible for the possibility of attractively incorporating sewage treatment plants into an urban structure, and which characteristics cause these structures to be excluded from opportunities enabling their wider spatial employment. Accessibility studies, as well as analyses of other elements will be performed using the comparative analysis method, focusing on a selection of examples of sewage treatment plants in large Polish cities. Conclusions about location conditions will be drawn on the basis of the study, which can serve to perform comparative analyses both in cases of sewage treatment plants in other cities, as well as other municipal technical infrastructure plants, whose location is dependent on their function.

Presence of Phenolic Compounds in Sewage, Effluent and Sludge from Municipal Sewage Treatment Plants

1982 ◽  
Vol 14 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 143-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
F B DeWalle ◽  
D A Kalman ◽  
R Dills ◽  
D Norman ◽  
E S K Chian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Sewage Effluent ◽  
Capillary Gc ◽  
Digested Sludge ◽  
Calculated Concentration ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plants ◽  
Anaerobically Digested Sludge ◽  
Final Effluent ◽  
Dimethyl Phenol

A total of 25 municipal sewage treatment plants were sampled, 10 of which were resampled, to determine the quantity of phenolics in the sewage, final effluent and the anaerobically digested sludge using capillary GC/MS/DS/techniques. The study noted in decreasing order of frequency in raw sewage: phenol, pentachloro-phenol, dimethyl phenol, 3-methyl, 4-chlorophenol, 2,4,6-trichloro-phenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol, 2-nitrophenol, 2-chlorophenol, 2,4-dinitro-6-methylphenol and 2,4-dinitrophenol. The maximum concentration of phenol in sewage and sludge was 2800 ppb and 4460 respectively, while similar values for pentachlorophenol were 58 and 1200 ppb. Statistically calculated concentration reductions for phenol and dimethyl phenol were generally greater than noted for tri- and pentachlorophenol. Low decreases or increases were noted for monochlorophenol and especially for dichlorophenol as a result of the chloronation of the final effluent.

Sludge Treatment and Disposal Systems for Rural Areas in Germany

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 159-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eberhard Steinle
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Sludge Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plants ◽  
Sewage Purification ◽  
Treatment And Disposal ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

First an overview of the systems currently in use and being discussed for sludge treatment is presented will) particular emphasis on distinguishing between the object of the system (conditioning objective of the various phases in the system) and a system concept (concept of various phases of the system in sequence to attain the disposal objective). More detailed information is given as to the salient systems as used with smaller sewage treatment plants in rural areas, such as digestion, dewatering, hygienization, composting and thermal drying. A further item of discussion is how sludge treatment influences the sewage treatment process. For the critical emissions (nitrogen, phosphorus) demanded in Germany, and thus for the degree of sewage treatment required, the load of the sewage treatment system resulting from sludge treatment needs to be taken into account. Accordingly, operation of sludge treatment and sewage purification must always be harmonized. The extent of these return loads also limits the spatial centralization of the system phases; this applies in particular to smaller sewage treatment plants in rural areas. In conclusion, an attempt is made to present a perspective for the agricultural utilization of such sludge in Germany. Since the critical values for emissions have been further tightened by new regulations, thus considerably elevating the associated sophistication of monitoring techniques, it is to be expected that the use of sewage sludge in agriculture will also be further reduced in rural areas, especially since public awareness of emission control has considerably reduced the acceptance of sewage sludge as fertilizer.

Removal of estrogenicity in Swedish municipal sewage treatment plants

2003 ◽  
Vol 37 (18) ◽  
pp. 4433-4443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Svenson ◽  
Ann-Sofie Allard ◽  
Mats Ek
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plants

Recycling to Soils: a Sustainable Way of Sludge Disposal and its Practice in China

2011 ◽  
Vol 183-185 ◽  
pp. 1417-1422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Sheng Cao ◽  
Xue Jing Meng ◽  
Xue Zheng Meng
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Land Application ◽  
Sludge Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plants ◽  
Sludge Disposal ◽  
Successful Case ◽  
Urgent Task ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Treatment And Disposal ◽  
Disposal Problem

With the booming construction of sewage treatment plants aiming at environmental protection, China has to face an emerging urgent task to address the sludge treatment and disposal problem. However there is a big controversy in China about the sludge treatment and disposal strategies. Some scientists suggest incinerating, while others insist on landfilling. In this paper, from the perspective of sustainable development and cyclic economy, a detailed analysis of nutrients cycle mainly related to nitrogen and phosphate before and after industrialization was made and a view that sludge should go back to soils to re-establish a sound nutrients cycle was put forward. Then the feasibility for sludge recycle to soils was discussed and some land application methods for sludge were introduced. At last, a successful case of producing compounded fertilizer from dewatered sludge in Northeast China was described in detail.

scholarly journals Application of Multi-Criteria Analysis in the Selection of Individual Sewage Treatment Plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Natalia Taraszkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Biological Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plants ◽  
Sewage Systems ◽  
Selection Of

The development of sewage systems leads to an increase in people’s living standards and an improvement in the comfort of their daily lives. In 2021, the use of septic tanks is still a big issue; many of them are not properly sealed and can be harmful to the environment because of leakage. A good alternative for them is an individual sewage treatment plant. There are many types of such investment. This paper focuses on the selection between three types of sewage treatment plants (a biological wastewater treatment plant with activated sludge and a constructed wasteland) using MCDA–AHP and TOPSIS methods.

Treatment and Disposal of Municipal Sewage Sludge and it’s Resources Utilization as Construction Material

2011 ◽  
Vol 194-196 ◽  
pp. 2061-2064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deng Ling Jiang ◽  
Guo Wei Ni
Keyword(s):  
Construction Material ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Municipal Sewage Sludge ◽  
Sludge Reduction ◽  
Reclaimed Land ◽  
Sludge Stabilization ◽  
Treatment And Disposal ◽  
By Products ◽  
Land Filling

During the process of sewage treatment, some by-products are generated and among them, the sludge stands out, because of the largest volume and mass generated, and for containing heavy metals in its composition. Sludge is generally disposed of through land filling and spreading on reclaimed land. It has resulted in seriously contamination. It is necessary to improve the method of the disposal of sludge. Balanced with the environmental and economic benefit, the disposal of sludge, the economy and the environment can be optimized so as to realize the sludge stabilization, sludge reduction and sludge reutilization.

scholarly journals Antibiotics in two municipal sewage treatment plants in Sri Lanka: Occurrence, consumption and removal efficiency

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 272-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilanka N.D. Samaraweera ◽  
Xin Liu ◽  
Guangcai Zhong ◽  
Tilak Priyadarshana ◽  
Riffat Naseem Malik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plants
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