Performance Level (PL) Part I - Basic Parameter of the Machine Safety Function (SF)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1(43)2021) ◽  
pp. 8-14
Author(s):  
Marek TRAJDOS ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Basic Parameter ◽  
Performance Level ◽  
Contact Guidance ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Reliability Parameters ◽  
Safety Function ◽  
Machine Safety ◽  
Emergency Stop ◽  
Machine Control ◽  
Basic Concepts

The paper discusses the concept of the safety function for the machine control circuit, which is one of the basic concepts that allow to design machines in accordance with the safety requirements. The basics of the architecture of systems implementing safety functions in machines were also discussed. Using the example of the fundamental emergency stop circuit, the basics of the reliability parameters for electromechanical components are explained. The concept of forced contact guidance is also explained. The basic formulas are given and the basis for further clarification of the performance level (PL) is prepared.

scholarly journals Determination and Improvement of Performance Level of Safety Function of Emergency Stop for Machinery

2014 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 1242-1250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Zahálka ◽  
Jiří Tůma ◽  
František Bradáč
Keyword(s):  
Performance Level ◽  
Safety Function ◽  
Emergency Stop

scholarly journals PLC-Based Safety Instrumented System of a Boiler using HAZOP

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Mahfoud CHAFAI ◽  
Abderrahmane OUADI ◽  
Hamid BENTARZI
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
Petrochemical Plant ◽  
Input Interface ◽  
Safety Function ◽  
Related Part ◽  
Operational Safety ◽  
Output Module ◽  
Machine Control ◽  
Interface Modules

HAZOP Analysis is used to determine great deviations which will affect the operational safety of a boiler of an existing petrochemical plant that may affect on persons, material and the environment. PLC is proposed to provide the safety function to fit into the overall machine control system as a safety-related part. It reads from the temperature, pressure sensors via its input interface modules and outputs commands in the case of critical deviation via the output module to the final control elements such as actuators allowing an improvement in the safety of the overall boiler system.

The Application Research on the FANUC Self-Diagnostic System in Processing the Emergency Stop Fault

2013 ◽  
Vol 823 ◽  
pp. 104-106
Author(s):  
Jian Jun Wang ◽  
Qiu Jun Wu
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tool ◽  
Diagnostic System ◽  
Spindle Motor ◽  
Cnc Machine ◽  
Nc System ◽  
Machine Safety ◽  
Electrical Part ◽  
Emergency Stop ◽  
Control Principle ◽  
And Control

At present, China's CNC machine tool widely used FANUC 0i NC system. the FANUC system can be divided into two parts: the control of servo motor and spindle motor action system and control of auxiliary electrical part of the PMC,PMC uses software to realize the control, can be modified online, with the system fault detection and diagnosis.The emergency stop function is to protect the machine safety. Therefore, timely and effective treatment emergency stop fault is the key to improve the reliability of machine tool, but it caused the emergency stop for many reasons, this article mainly expounds the control principle of emergency stop in the FANUC 0i CNC system; the typical fault example was analyzed, diagnosed and eliminated by PMC. As a result, we put forward some solutions to emergency stop fault.

scholarly journals Safety of Machinery – Determination of Performance Level / Bezpieczeństwo Maszyn – Wyznaczanie Poziomu Zapewnienia Bezpieczeństwa

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-84
Author(s):  
Leszek Kasprzyczak
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Performance Level ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Safety Function ◽  
Common Cause Failures ◽  
Mean Time

Abstract The article presents a method for determining the performance level (PL) on the basis of the PN-EN ISO 13849-1 standard, which is harmonized with the machinery directive 2006/42/EC. The risk assessment and risk reduction criteria, according to PN-EN ISO 12100, were briefly characterized. The focus was put on determining the required performance level PLr on the basis of a risk graph. The method was presented how to use a safety function composed of input-, logicaland execution subsystems. It was demonstrated how to determine the achieved PL for a safety function composed of hardware elements on the basis of a safety category, mean time to dangerous failures (MTTFd), diagnostic coverage (DC), and immunity to common cause failures (CCF).

scholarly journals Performance Level Validation of the Machinery Control System / Walidacja Poziomu Zapewnienia Bezpieczeństwa Przez Systemy Sterowania Maszynami

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-40
Author(s):  
Marek Dźwiarek
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Computer Program ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Performance Level ◽  
Safety Performance ◽  
Validation Process ◽  
Machine Control

Abstract An important role among protective means play the elements of control systems performing safety functions. When the validation process of a safety performance level(PL) achieved by those systems is conducted properly one can draw the conclusion that any defect appearing in those systems would not cause the loss of safety functions. The paper presents formalized validation of the PL procedures for different categories and PL’s for introducing into the computer program which makes more efficient all the operations involved into the validation and documentation processes of safety performance level achieved by machine control systems.

scholarly journals Specifics of modern security requirements for software of electronic machine control systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (S) ◽  
pp. 87-97
Author(s):  
Serhii F. KASHTANOV ◽  
Yury O. POLUKAROV ◽  
Oleksiy I. POLUKAROV ◽  
Liudmyla O. MITIUK ◽  
Nataliia F. KACHYNSKA
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Security Requirements ◽  
Application Software ◽  
Electronic Control ◽  
Industrial Equipment ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Applied Software ◽  
Machine Control ◽  
Security Standards

The required level of safety of machines and mechanisms is achieved through the use of appropriate safety management systems for industrial equipment, including programmable electronic ones. Such systems usually include a variety of security devices for managing industrial equipment settings. Since electronic control systems are currently considered the most promising control systems in this area, the study of the security parameters of their application support determines the relevance of this study. This study analyses the main requirements of IEC 61508 and IEC 62061 standards for compliance with modern safety requirements of embedded and applied software for electronic control systems of machines and mechanisms. This study proposes an algorithm for step-by-step implementation of software for electronic machine control systems in accordance with basic security standards for both built-in and application software. Testing has been determined as the main method of verification of application software. Based on the results of the analysis, it was found that the specification of security requirements, both built-in and application software, should highlight the necessary characteristics of each subsystem, providing information that allows choosing the equipment that meets existing security requirements. Relevant recommendations are given on the specifics of practical application of these standards.

scholarly journals Machine safety - determination safety integrity level

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 53-57
Author(s):  
Wojciech Danilczuk
Keyword(s):  
International Standards ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Safety Assurance ◽  
Safety Integrity Level ◽  
Machine Safety ◽  
Basic Concepts

The article presents a method for determining machine safety by calculating the safety integrity level (SIL). Problems of machine safety were presented in the context of applicable legal regulations and international standards. On the basis of the literature and standards, methods for determining the safety integrity level, quantitative measures used within the PN EN 62061 standard and basic concepts related to functional requirements have been presented. In addition, the author compares the method of determining the SIL level from the PL level of safety assurance. The article is a continuation of the author's previous publication on machine safety.

scholarly journals Analisis Kinerja Struktur Bangunan Rumah Tinggal dengan Kayu Glulam Mahoni

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nessa Valiantine Diredja ◽  
Erma Desmaliana ◽  
Raca Prasetyo
Keyword(s):  
Program Analysis ◽  
Damage Control ◽  
Pushover Analysis ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Performance Level ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Preliminary Design ◽  
Beam Size ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Immediate Occupancy

ABSTRAK Rumah merupakan salah satu bangunan gedung yang harus memenuhi persyaratan keselamatan. Untuk memenuhi persyaratan keselamatan tersebut maka dalam perancangannya perlu mengikuti pedoman dan standar yang berlaku. Penelitian ini menganalisis kinerja struktur bangunan rumah tinggal kayu glulam dari kayu Mahoni berdasarkan Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) 7973:2013 dan Eurocode menggunakan program SAP2000. Dari hasil preliminary design didapatkan dimensi balok dengan ukuran 170 x 340 mm dan kolom berukuran 300 x 400 mm untuk SNI dan balok berukuran 270mm x 550 serta kolom berukuran 450 x 600 mm untuk Eurocode. Hasil analisis program SAP2000 menunjukan bahwa kinerja struktur kedua bangunan telah memenuhi syarat ketahanan gempa yaitu perioda struktur, simpangan ijin, dan nilai minimum ragam alami struktur. Berdasarkan hasil analisis non-linier pushover didapatkan bahwa bangunan rumah tinggal termasuk dalam kategori tingkat kinerja Damage Control untuk SNI, sedangkan bangunan rumah tinggal berdasarkan Eurocode termasuk kedalam kategori tingkat kinerja Immediate Occupancy. Kata Kunci: Kayu glulam, Mahoni, SNI 7973:2013, Eurocode, Kinerja Struktur ABSTRACT Basically a house is a building that must meet safety requirements. To meet these safety requirements, in its design it is necessary to follow applicable guidelines and standards. This study analyse the structure performance of glulam residential building from Mahogany wood based on Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 7973:2013 and Eurocode using SAP2000 Program. Based on preliminary design, different dimensions of structural elements are obtained, which is beam size 170 x 340 mm and column size 300 x 400 mm for SNI and beam size 270 x 550 mm and column size 450 x 600 mm for Eurocode. SAP2000 program analysis showed that the performance of the structures of two building has met the earthquake resistance requirements such as period of structure, story drift and minimum value of modal participation ratio. Based on the result of non-linear pushover analysis, the SNI residential building were included in the Damage Control Performance level category, while Eurocode residential building were included in the category of Immediate Occupancy performance level. Keywords: Glulam wood, Mahony, SNI 7973:2013, Eurocode, Level of Performance

Vision-Based Protective Devices

2017 ◽  
pp. 187-214
Author(s):  
M. Dolores Moreno-Rabel ◽  
J. Álvaro Fernández-Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Video Processing ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Technical Development ◽  
Strong Basis ◽  
Protective Devices ◽  
Digital Video Processing ◽  
Technical Discipline ◽  
Machine Safety ◽  
Emergency Stop

Machine Safety is a growing technical discipline with a strong basis in the development of electrical and electronic devices, commonly known as Safety Protective Devices (SPDs). SPDs are designed to avoid or at least mitigate those risks associated with a particular human-machinery interaction. Ranging from conceptually simple electromechanical Emergency Stop Devices (ESDs) to the more complex Active Optoelectronic Protective Devices (AOPDs), a place for Real-Time Digital Video Processing has recently been open for research in Machine Safety. This chapter is intended to explore the standardized features of the so-called Vision-Based Protective Devices (VBPDs), their current technical development and principal applications in Machine Safety, with a stress on prominent vision-related implementation issues.

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