scholarly journals Detonation nanodiamonds: from synthesis theory to application practice

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-80
Author(s):  
Valerii Yu. Dolmatov ◽  
Alexander I. Shames ◽  
Eiji Ōsawa ◽  
Asko Vehanen ◽  
Vesa Myllymäki ◽  
...  

The review is devoted to the current state of research and advances in the production and study of the properties of detonation nanodiamonds (DND), their application in technology and medicine. New data on the theory and practice of DND synthesis for the last 1–5 years are considered and systematized. It is shown that the zone of chemical reactions (ZCR) during the blust of explosive materials (EM) is decisive for the fractal pre-diamond structure formation, the final region of the nanodiamonds (1/3–3/4 of the diameter of the explosive charge) formation is determined. The possibility of predicting the DND yield and the influence of parameters on the synthesis process of nanodiamonds from individual EMs of binary and ternary compositions is shown, their optimal formulations are determined. The optimal ZCR width and the existence time of chemical reactions have been identified. The dependence of the DND yield on the nitrogen content in the EM was shown. The most effective method of DND purification and the possibility of obtaining graphite-diamond compositions of a given formulation are presented. The most informative indicators of nanodiamonds characterization are given. The magnetic properties of nanodiamonds are considered and the identity of the properties of DNDs from different EMs is shown. The characteristics of new compositions based on DND are indicated: electrochemical coatings (gold and chromium-diamond), thermal pastes, diamond-containing polymer filaments for a 3D printer, fuel compositions, enterosorbents, compatible with biosystems of the nanodiamond-drug composition.

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh Pillania

Purpose – The purpose of this research paper is to study the green management practices and research, teaching, training and consulting in green management in Indian business schools as management education, particularly business schools are among one of the fastest growing industry of Indian economy on one hand and also they have a responsibility to train managers and future managers; provide guidance in terms of consultancy and create new knowledge i.e. research in green management. Design/methodology/approach – A questionnaire was developed based on literature review which was first tested and discussed with experts and then used for the survey of 500 top business schools in India which were at least five years old out of the 950 business schools in India. Findings – The study shows not so good state of research, teaching, training and consultancy on one hand and below average performance in practice of green management within business schools in India. The findings are not encouraging and Indian business schools need to give more attention to the subject of green management both in theory and practice. Research limitations/implications – The authors have taken only the biggest business schools in India. The research work suffers from the usual limitations of survey research method. The findings reflect lack of research on the topic and needs to be taken care of particularly, considering the importance of the topic. Indian business schools needs to build both theory and practice of green management. Practical implications – In light of the importance of the subject and on-going debate on business schools, Indian business schools must improve both the practice as well as research, consultancy, teaching and training on the subject to make a real impact. Originality/value – This study has made an attempt to study and document the current state of Indian business schools on green management.


2018 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 149-176
Author(s):  
Magdalena Biniaś-Szkopek

Artykuł Obraz genezy zasady pertynencji w dwudziestoleciu międzywojennym w polskiej historiografii naukowej opisuje powstanie i zastosowanie jednej z podstawowych zasad archiwistyki w odradzającym się po pierwszej wojnie światowej państwie polskim. Już w okresie średniowiecza myśl związana z opisaną wtórnie zasadą pertynencji terytorialnej stosowana była instynktownie przez opiekunów dokumentów. Tworzące się prawo międzynarodowe zakładało, iż archiwalia dotyczące danego terytorium do tegoż terytorium należą, jednak aż do końca XIX w. nie istniały jasne kryteria, według których należało dzielić akta w sytuacji zmiany granic. Zagadnienie pertynencji w archiwistyce, pomimo iż w dużej mierze przeniesione zostało na grunt dyskusji o rozmieszczeniu zasobu w warunkach wewnątrzpaństwowych do dziś budzi żywe dyskusje wśród naukowców. Jednak najciekawszy, a równocześnie najbardziej w swoim wymiarze praktyczny jej etap przypadł na okres dwudziestolecia międzywojennego, gdy zagadnienie to było powiązane z kwestią rewindykacji archiwaliów i dóbr kultury oraz odbudową nieistniejącego przez 123 lata państwa polskiego. Właśnie w tym czasie, kiedy rodziła się II Rzeczpospolita, kierunek badań, jakim jest archiwistyka, wkraczał pewnym krokiem do grona nauk humanistycznych. W tych wyjątkowych warunkach politycznych, gospodarczych i społecznych, archiwistyka tworzyła swoje podstawy i najważniejsze definicje, a polscy historycy-archiwiści tego okresu wnieśli swój niezaprzeczalny i do dziś aktualny wkład w zakresie tworzenia zasad przekazywania akt i budowania podstawowych zasad rządzących archiwaliami. Niniejszy tekst pokazuje pracę niezwykłych ludzi: J. Paczkowskiego, J. Siemieńskiego, K. Konarskiego i wielu innych, zarówno na niwie nauki, jak i praktyki politycznej. Równolegle komplementarnie podsumowuje dotychczasowy stan badań nad poruszanym zagadnieniem. The origin and use of the principle of pertinence in the years 1918–1939 in Polish academic historiography The article On the origins of the principle of pertinence in the years 1918–1939 in Polish academic historiography describes the emergence and application of one of the fundamental principles of archival science in Poland in the period of its restoration after the First World War. As early as in the Middle Ages, the idea related to the principle of territorial pertinence, which was later described, was intuitively used by document keepers. The emerging international law assumed that archival materials related to a given territory belong to this territory, however until the end of the 19th century, there were no clear criteria according to which the files were to be divided when the state’s borders changed. The problem of pertinence in archival science still sparks heated debates among scientists, though now it applies to a large extent to the distribution of fonds within the state’s borders. Its most interesting, and at the same time most practical, stage was the period of 1918–1939, when it was connected with the recovery of archival materials and cultural property, and the reconstruction of Poland after 123 years of partitions. In the beginnings of the Second Polish Republic, archival science developed and confidently entered the sphere of humanities. In those exceptional political, economic and social circumstances, archival science created its foundations and basic definitions, while Polish historians/archivists of the time made their indisputable and still valid contribution in terms of creating the rules of transferring files and basic rules of managing archival materials. This text presents the work of these exceptional people: J. Paczkowski, J. Siemieński, K. Konarski and many others, who excelled both in archival theory and practice. It also summarizes the current state of research on this problem.


2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 145-158
Author(s):  
Kenta Nagasawa

Purpose: This paper is a thematic literature review to examine the current state of research about Culturally Responsive Pedagogy in mathematics. The main themes are students’ perception, teacher education for pre-service teacher and professional development for teachers. Research methods/ approach: Literature was collected from Eric, which is a research engine of the education field. Also, Google Scholar is used to find articles of major scholars introduced by Dr. Rich Milner, who is the instructor of this course. Findings: Students faced microaggressions in mathematics class, which discouraged them to learn mathematics. The effect of teacher education was inconsistent in terms of the awareness of culturally responsive pedagogy and lesson plans. Research of professional development mentioned that mathematics was cultural. Implications for research and practice: It is more interesting to conduct long term or follow-up research to find the teacher’s practice after a taking professional development program. Also, it is critical to expand research scope besides African American and Latino students. Finally, evidence-based research is needed to change the political situation. Keywords: culturally responsive teaching, mathematics, teacher education, professional development, student’s perception


2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
João José Pinto Ferreira ◽  
Anne-Laure Mention ◽  
Marko Torkkeli

The expansion of human knowledge in all areas is largely the outcome of the activity of academic institutions and the result of their mission to contribute to the cultural, intellectual and economic development of the society, involving education, research and university extension activities. For many years, the academic community has been organizing itself in all different ways to respond to current and future needs, ensuring research integrity and recognition, and building on successive generations of peers to validate and support the launching and development of novel research streams. We owe the current state of research and development of our society to generations of scholars and scientists that have brought all of us here.(...)


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariya Andriyanova ◽  
Aslanli Aslanli ◽  
Nataliya Basova ◽  
Viktor Bykov ◽  
Sergey Varfolomeev ◽  
...  

The collective monograph is devoted to discussing the history of creation, studying the properties, neutralizing and using organophosphorus neurotoxins, which include chemical warfare agents, agricultural crop protection chemical agents (herbicides and insecticides) and medicines. The monograph summarizes the results of current scientific research and new prospects for the development of this field of knowledge in the 21st century, including the use of modern physicochemical methods for experimental study and theoretical analysis of biocatalysis and its mechanisms based on molecular modeling with supercomputer power. The book is intended for specialists who are interested in the current state of research in the field of organophosphorus neurotoxins. The monograph will be useful for students, graduate students, researchers specializing in the field of physical chemistry, physicochemical biology, chemical enzymology, toxicology, biochemistry, molecular biology and genetics, biotechnology, nanotechnology and biomedicine.


Author(s):  
Nadezhda Gryazeva

В статье изложен обзор современного состояния теории и практики предупреждения мошенничеств, совершаемых осужденными с помощью средств мобильной связи из учреждений уголовно-исполнительной системы России. Исследованы и оценены изменения законодательства, регулирующего рассматриваемую сферу правоотношений, предложения ученых относительно повышения эффективности борьбы с указанным видом мошенничеств, практические материалы. Обозначена проблема, связанная с отсутствием в данных официальной статистики о состоянии преступности в России сведений о количестве мошенничеств, совершаемых осужденными с помощью средств мобильной связи, что бывает необходимо для проведения научных и прикладных исследований, выработки мер по предупреждению и оценки их эффективности в борьбе с анализируемым противоправным деянием. Сформулированы рекомендации, направленные на повышение эффективности предупреждения «телефонных» мошенничеств, совершаемых осужденными в период отбывания наказания в исправительных учреждениях, в частности предложение правового характера, регулирующее сферу индивидуальной профилактики правонарушений, совершаемых осужденными, и предложение в области статистического учета преступлений и отчетности.The article presents an overview of the current state of the theory and practice of fraud prevention committed by convicts using mobile communications from institutions of the criminal Executive system of Russia. The changes in the legislation regulating the sphere of legal relations, the proposals of scientists on improving the effectiveness of combating this type of fraud, practical materials are studied and evaluated. There is a problem related to the lack of information in the official statistics on the state of crime in Russia on the number of frauds committed by convicts by means of mobile communication, which is necessary for scientific and applied research, the development of measures to prevent and assess their effectiveness in combating the illegal act in question. Recommendations have been made to improve the prevention of «telephone» fraud committed by convicted persons while serving their sentences in correctional institutions, in particular a legal proposal regulating the scope of individual prevention of offences committed by convicted persons and a proposal in the field of crime statistics and reporting.


i-Perception ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 204166952110203
Author(s):  
Jonas K. Olofsson ◽  
Ingrid Ekström ◽  
Maria Larsson ◽  
Steven Nordin

Olfaction, the sense of smell, is characterized by a notable age-dependency such that aging individuals are more likely to have poor olfactory abilities. These impairments are considered to be mostly irreversible and as having potentially profound effects on quality of life and food behavior, as well as constituting warning signs of mortality, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. Here, we review the current state of research on aging and olfaction, focusing on five topics which we regard to be of particular relevance for the field: nutrition and health, cognition and dementia, mortality, environment and genetics, and training-based enhancement. Under each of these headlines, we provide a state-of-the-art overview and discuss gaps in our knowledge which might be filled by further research. Understanding how olfactory abilities are diminished in aging, and how they may be alleviated or recovered, involves a set of challenging tasks for researchers in the years to come.


2021 ◽  
pp. 004728162110315
Author(s):  
Mason Pellegrini

Fierce competition has made innovation increasingly necessary for business success, and this has increased the importance of user-based innovation strategies like design thinking (DT). While many studies in technical and professional communication (TPC) have explored how DT can be used pedagogically, no studies have done this through investigating how DT is used as a workplace composing process. This study does exactly that. First, it presents the current state of research on pedagogical uses of DT in TPC, and then it builds upon those suggestions with an empirical study that chronicles on how two web design firms use DT to make websites. My main suggestion is to teach DT as a recursive process that allows students transcend potentially incorrect assumptions built into design tasks through gathering data not only from users, but from clients as well.


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