Research into Electric Baromembrane Separation of Industrial Process Solutions Containing Ions of Heavy Metals Pb, Cd, Fe

Sewage sludge of cities usually are formed of municipal and industrial wastewater. They contain many harmful substances such as heavy metals, mineral substances, harmful substances of organic origin wastes (solid domestic wastes, feces, etc.), bacterial pollutants. The problem of utilizing and secure disposal of precipitation of urban wastewater (WWS) is a global. It is not solved fully by this time. European trends of sewage sludge disposal are the reduction or total ban on their agricultural use and disinfecting organic pollutants by thermal methods. Acquires distribution WWS combustion in a fluidized bed. Low-temperature technology of sewage sludge disposal in which the heavy metals remain in the solid residue of the process are interesting. This are pyrolysis, oxidative pyrolysis and gasification. The Gas Institute of NAS of Ukraine conducted preliminary tests of utilizing of dry granular WWS in the reversed process of gasification. Producer gas and pellets with high hardness were obtained; pellets can be used as fillers in construction. Technological scheme of the industrial process is proposed. Bibl. 24, Fig. 7, Tab. 1.

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Precipitation of 137Cs with microorganisms from aqueous industrial process solutions

Radiochemistry ◽

10.1134/s1066362210010248 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 52 (1) ◽

pp. 106-110 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. V. Suslov ◽

I. N. Suslova ◽

A. Yu. Shadrin ◽

O. V. Shmidt ◽

G. A. Bagiyan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Industrial Process ◽

Process Solutions

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Geopolymers as Waste Encapsulation Materials: Impact of Anions on the Materials Properties

Advances in Science and Technology ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.69.174 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 69 ◽

pp. 174-179 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Fabia Frizon ◽

Charlène Desbats-le-Chequer

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Setting Time ◽

Industrial Process ◽

Waste Streams ◽

Materials Properties ◽

Alkali Ions ◽

Wide Range ◽

Anionic Species ◽

Inorganic Waste ◽

The Impact

One of the most promising applications of geopolymers is their use as waste encapsulating matrix. These binders are indeed compatible with aqueous waste streams and capable of activating several chemical and physical immobilization mechanisms for a wide range of inorganic waste species. Several works have investigated the immobilization of cations, mainly heavy metals or radioactive wastes, but very few studies are taking counterions, namely anions, into account. The aim of this work is to experimentally investigate the impact of anions with different valences on the materials’ properties in regard to the requirements of an industrial process at ambient or slightly elevated temperature: among others setting time, maximum achievable compressive strength or resistance to leaching. The modifications caused by the introduction of monovalent and divalent anions, such as sulphate and nitrate, are also monitored in term of mineralogy, porosity and microstructure. Their immobilization seems to be related to the advancement of geopolymerization reaction. On another hand, depending on the alkali ions used in the activation solution, the anionic species considered may also enhance the precipitation of some zeolites.

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Potential Risks of PM2.5-Bound Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Heavy Metals from Inland and Marine Directions for a Marine Background Site in North China

Toxics ◽

10.3390/toxics10010032 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 32

Author(s):

Qianqian Xue ◽

Yingze Tian ◽

Xinyi Liu ◽

Xiaojun Wang ◽

Bo Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽

Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽

North China ◽

Hazard Quotient ◽

Industrial Process ◽

Average Concentration ◽

Diagnostic Ratios ◽

Lifetime Cancer Risk ◽

Polycyclic Aromatic

Ambient PM2.5-bound ions, OC, EC, heavy metals (HMs), 18 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), 7 hopanes, and 29 n-alkanes were detected at Tuoji Island (TI), the only marine background atmospheric monitoring station in North China. The annual PM2.5 average concentration was 47 ± 31 μg m−3, and the average concentrations of the compositions in PM2.5 were higher in cold seasons than in warm seasons. The cancer and non-cancer risks of HMs and PAHs in cold seasons were also higher than in warm seasons. BaP, Ni, and As dominated the ∑HQ (hazard quotient) in cold seasons, while the non-carcinogenic risk in warm seasons was mainly dominated by Ni, Mn, and As. The ILCR (incremental lifetime cancer risk) values associated with Cr and As were higher in the cold season, while ILCR-Ni values were higher in the warm season. The backward trajectory was calculated to identify the potential directions of air mass at TI. Through the diagnostic ratios of organic and inorganic tracers, the sources of particulate matter in different directions were judged. It was found that ship emissions and sea salt were the main sources from marine directions, while coal combustion, vehicles emissions, industrial process, and secondary aerosols were the main source categories for inland directions. In addition, potential HM and PAH risks from inland and marine directions were explored. The non-cancerous effects of TI were mainly affected by inland transport, especially from the southeast, northwest, and west-northwest. The cancerous effects of TI were mainly simultaneously affected by the inland direction and marine direction of transport.

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Spatial Distribution of Heavy Metals around the Gold Mine Ore Tailings of Hatti, Karnataka State, India

Landscape & Environment ◽

10.21120/le/11/1/4 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 35-44

Author(s):

Harish Etigemane Ramappa ◽

David Muniswamy

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Metal Contamination ◽

Economic Status ◽

Industrial Process ◽

Terrestrial Ecosystem ◽

Hazardous Substances ◽

Gold Mine ◽

Toxic Heavy Metals ◽

South West Monsoon ◽

High Level

Mining is an imperative segment of the world economy as it contributes socio-economic status of the nations. However, developing countries like India due to lack of high profile industrial techniques and equipment, eluting effluents from the industrial process may contain various hazardous substances which greatly affect the environmental and human health. The present work is aimed with the distribution of heavy metals in and around Hatti Gold Mine Ore Tailing (H-GOT). The results elicit the mine ore tailings are having high-level contaminants of heavy metal than the crop lands of Hatti (Hs), Kotha (Ks), Chikka Nagur (Cs), Tawag (Ts), Lingsugur (Ls) of Raichur District, Karnataka. It was reported that, Hatti Gold Mine ore tailings hold about 41.31±0.49 mg/kg, 2.1±0.31mg/kg, 71.96±3.26 mg/kg, 39.56±1.47 mg/kg and 73.4±2.19 mg/kg of Arsenic (As), Cadmium (Cd), Copper (Cu), Lead (Pb) and Zinc (Zn) heavy metals respectively. While the crop lands metal contamination range depends on seasonal variation. In south-west monsoon farming lands metal contamination order is Hs> Ks>Cs> Ts >Ls, and it was decreased during Post-monsoon. This is the hallmark of the fetching huge amount of toxic heavy metals from mining center to nearest crop lands. The continuous squeezing of these toxic metals could trigger the bio-magnification in both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystem and it may impact various metabolic disorders.

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Sampling and analysis of the air-water interface with SEM and EDS of microlayers

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100157000 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 47 ◽

pp. 1004-1005

Author(s):

Randall W. Smith ◽

John Dash

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Surface Microlayer ◽

Surface Films ◽

Water Interface ◽

Physical Processes ◽

Infrared Spectroscopic Analysis ◽

Eds Analysis ◽

Air Water Interface ◽

Significant Area ◽

Bulk Chemical

The structure of the air-water interface forms a boundary layer that involves biological ,chemical geological and physical processes in its formation. Freshwater and sea surface microlayers form at the air-water interface and include a diverse assemblage of organic matter, detritus, microorganisms, plankton and heavy metals. The sampling of microlayers and the examination of components is presently a significant area of study because of the input of anthropogenic materials and their accumulation at the air-water interface. The neustonic organisms present in this environment may be sensitive to the toxic components of these inputs. Hardy reports that over 20 different methods have been developed for sampling of microlayers, primarily for bulk chemical analysis. We report here the examination of microlayer films for the documentation of structure and composition.Baier and Gucinski reported the use of Langmuir-Blogett films obtained on germanium prisms for infrared spectroscopic analysis (IR-ATR) of components. The sampling of microlayers has been done by collecting fi1ms on glass plates and teflon drums, We found that microlayers could be collected on 11 mm glass cover slips by pulling a Langmuir-Blogett film from a surface microlayer. Comparative collections were made on methylcel1ulose filter pads. The films could be air-dried or preserved in Lugol's Iodine Several slicks or surface films were sampled in September, 1987 in Chesapeake Bay, Maryland and in August, 1988 in Sequim Bay, Washington, For glass coverslips the films were air-dried, mounted on SEM pegs, ringed with colloidal silver, and sputter coated with Au-Pd, The Langmuir-Blogett film technique maintained the structure of the microlayer intact for examination, SEM observation and EDS analysis were then used to determine organisms and relative concentrations of heavy metals, using a Link AN 10000 EDS system with an ISI SS40 SEM unit. Typical heavy microlayer films are shown in Figure 3.

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